Abundance Estimates for 16 Elements in 6 Million Stars from LAMOST DR5 Low-Resolution Spectra

Abstract

We present the determination of stellar parameters and individual elemental abundances for 6 million stars from $\sim$8 million low-resolution ($R\sim 1800$) spectra from LAMOST DR5. This is based on a modeling approach that we dub $The$ $Data$--$Driven$ $Payne$ ($DD$--$Payne$), which inherits essential ingredients from both {\it The Payne} \citep{Ting2019} and $The$ $Cannon$ \citep{Ness2015}. It is a data-driven model that incorporates constraints from theoretical spectral models to ensure the derived abundance estimates are physically sensible. Stars in LAMOST DR5 that are in common with either GALAH DR2 or APOGEE DR14 are used to train a model that delivers stellar parameters ($T_{\mathrm{eff}}$, $\log g$, $V_{\mathrm{mic}}$) and abundances for 16 elements (C, N, O, Na, Mg, Al, Si, Ca, Ti, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, and Ba) when applied to LAMOST spectra. Cross-validation and repeat observations suggest that, for ${S/N}_{\mathrm{pix}}\ge 50$, the typical internal abundance precision is 0.03--0.1\,dex for the majority of these elements, with 0.2--0.3\,dex for Cu and Ba, and the internal precision of $T_{\mathrm{eff}}$ and $\log g$ is better than 30\,K and 0.07\,dex, respectively. Abundance systematics at the $\sim$0.1\,dex level are present in these estimates, but are inherited from the high-resolution surveys' training labels. For some elements, GALAH provides more robust training labels, for others, APOGEE. We provide flags to guide the quality of the label determination and to identify binary/multiple stars in LAMOST DR5. The abundance catalogs are publicly accessible via \href{url}{http://dr5.lamost.org/doc/vac}.

arXiv comment44 pages, 26 figures, submitted to ApJ Supplement

References in corpus (78)

• The Sloan Digital Sky Survey: Technical Summary
• The chemical composition of the Sun
• Gaia Data Release 2. Summary of the contents and survey properties
• The Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer (WISE): Mission Description and Initial On-orbit Performance
• The Gaia mission
• The Seventh Data Release of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey
• PARSEC: stellar tracks and isochrones with the PAdova and TRieste Stellar Evolution Code
• Correcting for the Effects of Interstellar Extinction
• MESA Isochrones and Stellar Tracks (MIST). I: Solar-Scaled Models
• The Eleventh and Twelfth Data Releases of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey: Final Data from SDSS-III
• Gaia Data Release 2: The astrometric solution
• The Apache Point Observatory Galactic Evolution Experiment (APOGEE)
• The Dartmouth Stellar Evolution Database
• Stellar Multiplicity
• SEGUE: A Spectroscopic Survey of 240,000 stars with g=14-20
• Exploring the Milky Way stellar disk. A detailed elemental abundance study of 714 F and G dwarf stars in the Solar neighbourhood
• The Radial Velocity Experiment (RAVE): first data release
• The First Data Release (DR1) of the LAMOST general survey
• The GALAH Survey: Scientific Motivation
• Gaia Data Release 2: Photometric content and validation
• Gaia Data Release 2: using Gaia parallaxes
• ASPCAP: The Apogee Stellar Parameter and Chemical Abundances Pipeline
• An absolutely calibrated effective temperature scale from the InfraRed Flux Method
• LAMOST Experiment for Galactic Understanding and Exploration (LEGUE) The survey science plan
• Spectroscopy Made Easy: Evolution
• The Cannon: A data-driven approach to stellar label determination
• The GALAH Survey: Second Data Release
• Empirical extinction coefficients for the GALEX, SDSS, 2MASS and WISE passbands
• Target Selection for the SDSS-IV APOGEE-2 Survey
• APOGEE Data Releases 13 and 14: Data and Analysis
• Signatures of intrinsic Li depletion and Li-Na anti-correlation in the metal-poor globular cluster NGC6397
• The Milky Way's Stellar Disk
• Gaia Radial Velocity Spectrometer
• The Payne: self-consistent ab initio fitting of stellar spectra
• The GALAH survey and Gaia DR2: dissecting the stellar disc's phase space by age, action, chemistry and location
• Atomic Diffusion and Mixing in Old Stars I. VLT/FLAMES-UVES Observations of Stars in NGC 6397
• Deep learning of multi-element abundances from high-resolution spectroscopic data
• Accuracy and precision of industrial stellar abundances
• The LAMOST Stellar Parameter Pipeline at Peking University --- LSP3
• Systematic non-LTE study of the $-2.6\le$ [Fe/H] $\le 0.2$ F and G dwarfs in the solar neighbourhood. II. Abundance patterns from Li to Eu
• Simultaneous calibration of spectro-photometric distances and the Gaia DR2 parallax zero-point offset with deep learning
• The influence of atomic diffusion on stellar ages and chemical tagging
• Measuring Radial Orbit Migration in the Milky Way Disk
• APOGEE Data Releases 13 and 14: Stellar Parameter and Abundance Comparisons With Independent Analyses
• Mapping the Stellar Halo with the H3 Spectroscopic Survey
• LAMOST Spectroscopic Survey of the Galactic Anti-centre (LSS-GAC): target selection and the first release of value-added catalogues
• APASS Landolt-Sloan BVgri photometry of RAVE stars. I. Data, effective temperatures and reddenings
• Carbon and oxygen abundances in stellar populations
• Label Transfer from APOGEE to LAMOST: Precise Stellar Parameters for 450,000 LAMOST Giants
• The origin and evolution of the odd-Z iron-peak elements Sc, V, Mn, and Co in the Milky Way stellar disk
• The AMBRE Project: chemical evolution models for the Milky Way thick and thin discs
• High-precision stellar abundances of the elements - methods and applications
• Abundances and possible diffusion of elements in M67 stars
• Estimating stellar atmospheric parameters, absolute magnitudes and elemental abundances from the LAMOST spectra with Kernel-based Principal Component Analysis
• Estimation of stellar atmospheric parameters from SDSS/SEGUE spectra
• Chemical Abundances of Main-Sequence, Turnoff, Subgiant and red giant Stars from APOGEE spectra II: Atomic Diffusion in M67 Stars
• Empirical metallicity-dependent calibrations of effective temperature against colours for dwarfs and giants based on interferometric data
• Signatures of unresolved binaries in stellar spectra: implications for spectral fitting
• Project overview and update on WEAVE: the next generation wide-field spectroscopy facility for the William Herschel Telescope
• Impacts of radiative accelerations on solar-like oscillating main-sequence stars
• Ages and masses of million Galactic disk main sequence turn-off and sub-giant stars from the LAMOST Galactic spectroscopic surveys
• The binarity of Milky Way F,G,K stars as a function of effective temperature and metallicity
• Prospects for chemically tagging stars in the Galaxy
• Abundance gradients along the Galactic disc from chemical evolution models
• Stellar mass distribution and star formation history of the Galactic disk revealed by mono-age stellar populations from LAMOST
• Stellar loci II. a model-free estimate of the binary fraction for field FGK stars
• The GALAH Survey: Verifying abundance trends in the open cluster M67 using non-LTE spectroscopy
• The Relationship Between Globular Cluster Mass, Metallicity, and Light Element Abundance Variations
• Measuring 14 elemental abundances with R=1,800 LAMOST spectra
• Prospects for Measuring Abundances of >20 Elements with Low-resolution Stellar Spectra
• CNO behaviour in planet-harbouring stars. I Nitrogen abundances in stars with planets
• Measuring oxygen abundances from stellar spectra without oxygen lines
• An autoencoder of stellar spectra and its application in automatically estimating atmospheric parameters
• Constructing Polynomial Spectral Models for Stars
• Stellar loci I. Metallicity dependence and intrinsic widths
• Analysis of Stellar Spectra from LAMOST DR5 with Generative Spectrum Networks
• Unbiased TGAS$\times$LAMOST distances and the role of binarity
• Linearly Supporting Feature Extraction For Automated Estimation Of Stellar Atmospheric Parameters

Cited by in corpus (134)

• The GALAH+ Survey: Third Data Release
• A time-resolved picture of our Milky Way's early formation history
• From the bulge to the outer disc: StarHorse stellar parameters, distances, and extinctions for stars in APOGEE DR16 and other spectroscopic surveys
• Overview of the DESI Milky Way Survey
• The Poor Old Heart of the Milky Way
• StarHorse results for spectroscopic surveys + Gaia DR3: Chrono-chemical populations in the solar vicinity, the genuine thick disk, and young-alpha rich stars
• The GALAH Survey: Non-LTE departure coefficients for large spectroscopic surveys
• Selecting accreted populations: metallicity, elemental abundances, and ages of the Gaia-Sausage-Enceladus and Sequoia populations
• Stellar labels for hot stars from low-resolution spectra - I. the HotPayne method and results for 330,000 stars from LAMOST DR6
• Overview of the LAMOST survey in the first decade
• Stellar migrations and metal flows -- Chemical evolution of the thin disc of a simulated Milky Way analogous galaxy
• APOKASC-3: The Third Joint Spectroscopic and Asteroseismic catalog for Evolved Stars in the Kepler Fields
• Assessment of [Fe/H] determinations for FGK stars in spectroscopic surveys
• How Many Elements Matter?
• Discovery of post-mass-transfer helium-burning red giants using asteroseismology
• Evidence for Metallicity-Dependant Spin Evolution in the Kepler field
• The evolution of CNO elements in galaxies
• The value-added catalogue for LAMOST DR8 low-resolution spectra
• 591 high velocity stars in the Galactic halo selected from LAMOST DR7 and Gaia DR2
• Chemo-kinematics of the Milky Way spiral arms and bar resonances: connection to ridges and moving groups in the Solar vicinity
• The Spectroscopic Binaries from LAMOST Medium-Resolution Survey (MRS). I. Searching for Double-lined Spectroscopic Binaries (SB2s) with Convolutional Neural Network
• Gyro-Kinematic Ages for around 30,000 Kepler Stars
• The challenge of simultaneously matching the observed diversity of chemical abundance patterns in cosmological hydrodynamical simulations
• Asteroseismology of 3,642 Kepler Red Giants: Correcting the Scaling Relations based on Detailed Modeling
• Chemical Cartography with LAMOST and Gaia Reveal Azimuthal and Spiral Structure in the Galactic Disk
• Abundances in the Milky Way across five nucleosynthetic channels from 4 million LAMOST stars
• Stellar parametrization of LAMOST M dwarf stars
• A variational encoder-decoder approach to precise spectroscopic age estimation for large Galactic surveys
• J-PLUS: Stellar Parameters, C, N, Mg, Ca and [α/Fe] Abundances for Two Million Stars from DR1
• The non-monotonic, strong metallicity dependence of the wide-binary fraction
• The distribution of [$\alpha$/Fe] in the Milky Way disc
• Kinematic properties of white dwarfs. Galactic orbital parameters and age-velocity dispersion relation
• Most "young" $\alpha$-rich stars have high masses but are actually old
• Exoplanets in the Galactic context: Planet occurrence rates in the thin disk, thick disk and stellar halo of Kepler stars
• Cycle-StarNet: Bridging the gap between theory and data by leveraging large datasets
• Exploring the spectral \textit{information content} in the LAMOST medium-resolution survey (MRS)
• Distant Echoes of the Milky Way's Last Major Merger
• SPYGLASS. III. The Fornax-Horologium Association and its Traceback History within the Austral Complex
• LAMOST Time-Domain Survey: First Results of four $K$2 plates
• The Flattening Metallicity Gradient in the Milky Way's Thin Disk
• Stellar Loci V: Photometric Metallicities of 27 Million FGK Stars based on Gaia Early Data Release 3
• A homogeneous spectroscopic analysis of a Kepler legacy sample of dwarfs for gravity-mode asteroseismology
• Combined APOGEE-GALAH stellar catalogues using the Cannon
• Data-driven spectroscopic estimates of absolute magnitude, distance and binarity -- method and catalog of 16,002 O- and B-type stars from LAMOST
• The stellar parameters and elemental abundances from low-resolution spectra I: 1.2 million giants from LAMOST DR8
• The formation and survival of the Milky Way's oldest stellar disk
• Discovery of a new Local Group Dwarf Galaxy Candidate in UNIONS: Boötes V
• LAMOST J0140355+392651: An evolved cataclysmic variable donor transitioning to become an extremely low mass white dwarf
• Assessing the performance of LTE and NLTE synthetic stellar spectra in a machine learning framework
• CatNorth: An Improved Gaia DR3 Quasar Candidate Catalog with Pan-STARRS1 and CatWISE
• Computational Tools for the Spectroscopic Analysis of White Dwarfs
• Occurrence rates of small planets from HARPS: Focus on the Galactic context
• Constraints on Magnetic Braking from the G8 Dwarf Stars 61 UMa and $\tau$ Cet
• Estimating Stellar Parameters from LAMOST Low-resolution Spectra
• The Chemical Nature of the Young 120-Myr-old Nearby Pisces-Eridanus Stellar Stream Flowing through the Galactic Disk
• From birth associations to field stars: mapping the small-scale orbit distribution in the Galactic disc
• Chemically peculiar A and F stars with enhanced s-process and iron-peak elements: stellar radiative acceleration at work
• Observational Constraints of Radial Migration in the Galactic Disc Driven by the Slowing Bar
• Stellar Parameters and Chemical Abundances Estimated from LAMOST-II DR8 MRS based on Cycle-StarNet
• Discovery of A candidate Hypervelocity star originated from the Sagittarius Dwarf Spheroidal galaxy
• Near-ultraviolet to visible spectroscopy of the Themis and Polana-Eulalia complex families
• On the origins of extreme velocity stars as revealed by large-scale Galactic surveys
• New mercury-manganese stars and candidates from LAMOST DR4
• oMEGACat III. Multi-band photometry and metallicities reveal spatially well-mixed populations within $\omega$ Centauri's half-light radius
• Binary fractions of G and K dwarf stars based on the Gaia EDR3 and LAMOST DR5: impacts of the chemical abundances
• Forecasting Chemical Abundance Precision for Extragalactic Stellar Archaeology
• Exploring the stellar rotation of early-type stars in the LAMOST Medium-Resolution Survey. I. Catalog
• Identification, mass and age of primary red clump stars from spectral features derived with the LAMOST DR7
• The Gaia-ESO Survey: Preparing the ground for 4MOST & WEAVE galactic surveys. Chemical evolution of lithium with machine learning
• The Stars of the HETDEX Survey. I. Radial Velocities and Metal-Poor Stars from Low-Resolution Stellar Spectra
• Characterization of Kepler targets based on medium-resolution LAMOST spectra analyzed with ROTFIT
• Li-rich Giants in LAMOST Survey. III. The statistical analysis of Li-rich giants
• A Unified Exploration of the Chronology of the Galaxy
• A long-period pre-ELM system discovered from LAMOST medium-resolution survey
• A rapidly evolving high-amplitude $\delta$ Scuti star crossing the Hertzsprung Gap
• Empirical derivation of the metallicity evolution with time and radius using TNG50 Milky Way/Andromeda analogues
• Data-Driven Stellar Models
• Chemodynamical Analysis of Metal-rich High-eccentricity Stars in the Milky Way's Disk
• Estimating Atmospheric Parameters from LAMOST Low-Resolution Spectra with Low SNR
• A Model RRNet for Spectral Information Exploitation and LAMOST Medium-resolution Spectrum Parameter Estimation
• Homogeneous Stellar Atmospheric Parameters and 22 Elemental Abundances for FGK Stars Derived From LAMOST Low-resolution Spectra with DD-Payne
• An unsupervised method for identifying $X$-enriched stars directly from spectra: Li in LAMOST
• Three Ultra-short Period Contact Eclipsing Binary Systems Mined from Massive Astronomical Surveys
• The chemical enrichment of the Milky Way disk evaluated using conditional abundances
• Wide binaries from the H3 survey: the thick disk and halo have similar wide binary fractions
• The Swan: Data-Driven Inference of Stellar Surface Gravities for Cool Stars from Photometric Light Curves
• 3D Parameter Maps of Red Clump Stars in the Milky Way -- Absolute Magnitudes and Intrinsic Colors
• Untangling the Sources of Abundance Dispersion in Low-Metallicity Stars
• Mass and Age determination of the LAMOST data with different Machine Learning methods
• Searching for Extragalactic Exoplanetary Systems: the Curious Case of BD+20 2457
• A first eROSITA view of ultracool dwarfs
• Reliable stellar abundances of individual stars with the MUSE integral-field spectrograph
• Mapping the Milky Way with Gaia Bp/Rp spectra I: Systematic flux corrections and atmospheric parameters for 68 million stars
• SpectroTranslator: a deep-neural network algorithm to homogenize spectroscopic parameters
• Internal calibration of LAMOST and Gaia DR3 GSP-Spec stellar abundances
• Two Portions of Sagittarius Stream in the LAMOST Complete Spectroscopic Survey of Pointing Area at Southern Galactic Cap
• A Simple Unified Spectroscopic Indicator of Stellar Luminosity: the Extended Flux Weighted Gravity-Luminosity Relationship
• Dust extinction map of the Galactic plane based on the VVV survey data
• A catalogue of asteroseismically calibrated ages for APOGEE DR17. The predictions of a CatBoost machine learning model based on the [Mg/Ce] chemical clock and other stellar parameters
• Estimation of stellar atmospheric parameters from LAMOST DR8 low-resolution spectra with 20$\le$SNR$<$30
• Testing the mass-radius relation of white dwarfs in common proper motion pairs I.Hydrogen-dominated atmospheres
• Ba-enhanced dwarf and subgiant stars in the LAMOST Galactic surveys
• A Ghost in Boötes: The Least Luminous Disrupted Dwarf Galaxy
• Validating Stellar Abundance Measurements from Multi-Resolution Spectroscopy
• Not that simple: the metallicity dependence of the wide binary fraction changes with separation and stellar mass
• Mapping the Milky Way in 5-D with 170 Million Stars
• The GALAH survey: Multiple stars and our Galaxy. I. A comprehensive method for deriving properties of FGK binary stars
• A Data-driven Spectral Model of Main Sequence Stars in Gaia DR3
• Kinematic-Chemical analysis and Time tagging for the Diagonal Ridge Structure of the Galactic Outer Disk with LAMOST Red Giant Branch Stars
• Giant Outer Transiting Exoplanet Mass (GOT 'EM) Survey. VI: Confirmation of a Long-Period Giant Planet Discovered with a Single TESS Transit
• Fuzzy Cluster Analysis: Application to Determining Metallicities for Very Metal-poor Stars
• Type II and anomalous Cepheids in the Kepler K2 mission
• Search for the metal-weak thick disk from the LAMOST DR5
• The 3D Galactocentric velocities of Kepler stars: marginalizing over missing RVs
• Toward more accurate RR Lyrae metallicities
• Coadded Spectroscopic Stellar Parameters and Abundances from the LAMOST Low Resolution Survey
• A Low-speed Intruder Star in Hyades: A Temporary Residence
• Reconsidering The Bailey Diagrams of ab-type RR Lyrae Stars, Metallicity-Mediated Evolution as the Direct Cause of the Oosterhoff Phenomenon
• LAMOST J045019.27+394758.7, with peculiar abundances of N, Na, V, Zn, is possibly a Sculptor dwarf galaxy escapee
• Stellar substructures in the Galactic disc and halo: Properties, origins, and evolution
• Estimating Stellar Atmospheric Parameters and [α/Fe] for LAMOST O-M type Stars Using a Spectral Emulator
• The odd bunch: chrono-chemo-dynamics of sixteen unusual stars from Kepler
• PhDLspec: physical-prior embedded deep learning method for spectroscopic determination of stellar labels in high-dimensional parameter space
• A hybrid SLAM-Payne framework for atmospheric parameter and abundance determination of early-type Stars from LAMOST DR9 low-resolution Spectra
• Estimating stellar atmospheric parameters and elemental abundances using fully connected residual network
• PISP: Projected-Space Inference of Stellar Parameters
• IY Lyr: A Thick-Disk first-overtone RR Lyrae Star with a Possible Neutron Star Companion
• Observational constraints on the origin of the elements. X. Combining NLTE and machine learning for chemical diagnostics of 4 million stars in the 4MIDABLE-HR survey
• Playing CHESS with stars. I. Search for similar stars in large spectroscopic data sets
• A new member of the Milky Way's family tree: Characterizing the Pontus merger of our Galaxy
• Towards model-free stellar chemical abundances. Potential applications in the search for chemically peculiar stars in large spectroscopic surveys
• A new code for low-resolution spectral identification of white dwarf binary candidates
• The Milky Way's Early Disk Was Built in Bursts. I. Evidence from Low-angular-momentum, High-$\alpha$ Stars Scattered Out of the Protodisk by Merger Events
• Full-frame data reduction method: a data mining tool to detect the potential variations in optical photometry