Discovery of A candidate Hypervelocity star originated from the Sagittarius Dwarf Spheroidal galaxy

Abstract

In this letter, we report the discovery of an intriguing HVS (J1443+1453) candidate that is probably from the Sagittarius Dwarf Spheroidal galaxy (Sgr dSph). The star is an old and very metal-poor low-mass main-sequence turn-off star (age $\sim 14.0$ Gyr and [Fe/H] $=-2.23$ dex) and has a total velocity of $559.01_{-87.40}^{+135.07}$ km s${}^{-1}$ in the Galactic rest-frame and a heliocentric distance of $2.90_{-0.48}^{+0.72}$ kpc. The velocity of J1443+1453 is larger than the escape speed at its position, suggesting it a promising HVS candidate. By reconstructing its trajectory in the Galactic potential, we find that the orbit of J1443+1453 intersects closely with that of the Sgr dSph $37.8_{-6.0}^{+4.6}$ Myr ago, when the latter has its latest pericentric passage through the Milky Way. The encounter occurs at a distance $2.42_{-0.77}^{+1.80}$ kpc from the centre of Sgr dSph, smaller than the size of the Sgr dSph. Chemical properties of this star are also consistent with those of one Sgr dSph associated globular cluster or of the Sgr stream member stars. Our finding suggests that J1443+1453 is an HVS either tidally stripped from the Sgr dSph or ejected from the Sgr dSph by the gravitational slingshot effect, requiring a (central) massive/intermediate-mass black hole or a (central) massive primordial black hole in the Sgr dSph.

6 pages, 4 figures, 2 tables, accepted for publication in ApJL

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• Photometric-Metallicity and Distance Estimates for $\sim$70,000 RR Lyrae Stars from the Zwicky Transient Facility
• Searching for new Hypervelocity Stars with Gaia DR3 and VLT/FORS2 Spectroscopy
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