ATOMIUM: Continuum emission and evidence of dust enhancement from binary motion

Abstract

Low- and intermediate-mass stars on the asymptotic giant branch (AGB) account for a significant portion of the dust and chemical enrichment in their host galaxy. Here we present ALMA observations of the continuum emission at 1.24 mm around a sample of 17 stars from the ATOMIUM survey. From our analysis of the stellar contributions to the continuum flux, we find that the semi-regular variables all have smaller physical radii and fainter monochromatic luminosities than the Mira variables. Comparing these properties with pulsation periods, we find a positive trend between stellar radius and period only for the Mira variables with periods above 300 days and a positive trend between the period and the monochromatic luminosity only for the red supergiants and the most extreme AGB stars with periods above 500 days. We find that the continuum emission at 1.2 mm can be classified into four groups. "Featureless" continuum emission is confined to the (unresolved) regions close to the star for five stars in our sample, relatively uniform extended flux is seen for four stars, tentative elongated features are seen for three stars, and the remaining five stars have unique or unusual morphological features in their continuum maps. These features can be explained by binary companions to 10 out of the 14 AGB stars in our sample. Based on our results we conclude that there are two modes of dust formation: well established pulsation-enhanced dust formation and our newly proposed companion-enhanced dust formation. If the companion is located close to the AGB star, in the wind acceleration region, then additional dust formed in the wake of the companion can increase the mass lost through the dust driven wind. This explains the different dust morphologies seen around our stars and partly accounts for a large scatter in literature mass-loss rates, especially among semiregular stars with small pulsation periods.

Submitted to A&A

References in corpus (99)

• SciPy 1.0--Fundamental Algorithms for Scientific Computing in Python
• Array Programming with NumPy
• Astropy: A Community Python Package for Astronomy
• Binary companions of evolved stars in APOGEE DR14: Search method and catalog of ~5,000 companions
• The SIMBAD astronomical database
• Estimating distances from parallaxes. V: Geometric and photogeometric distances to 1.47 billion stars in Gaia Early Data Release 3
• The Man Behind the Curtain: X-rays Drive the UV through NIR Variability in the 2013 AGN Outburst in NGC 2617
• The VizieR database of Astronomical Catalogues
• Infrared Emission from Interstellar Dust. II. The Diffuse Interstellar Medium
• Understanding the Lomb-Scargle Periodogram
• Mind your Ps and Qs: the Interrelation between Period (P) and Mass-ratio (Q) Distributions of Binary Stars
• CASA, the Common Astronomy Software Applications for Radio Astronomy
• SPHERE: the exoplanet imager for the Very Large Telescope
• Stellar yields from metal-rich asymptotic giant branch models
• AGB Variables and the Mira Period-Luminosity Relation
• Gaia Data Release 3: Stellar multiplicity, a teaser for the hidden treasure
• Fundamental parameters and infrared excesses of Hipparcos stars
• Stellar and substellar companions from Gaia EDR3 -- Proper motion anomaly and resolved common proper motion pairs
• A far-infrared survey of bow shocks and detached shells around AGB stars and red supergiants
• Variability in red supergiant stars: pulsations, long secondary periods and convection noise
• Unexpectedly large mass loss during the thermal pulse cycle of the red giant R Sculptoris!
• UVMULTIFIT: A versatile tool for fitting astronomical radio interferometric data
• Mass loss rates of a sample of irregular and semiregular M-type AGB-variables
• SPHERE / ZIMPOL high resolution polarimetric imager. I. System overview, PSF parameters, coronagraphy, and polarimetry
• (Sub)stellar companions shape the winds of evolved stars
• High-resolution imaging of dust shells using Keck aperture masking and the IOTA Interferometer
• Fundamental parameters and infrared excesses of Tycho-Gaia stars
• Kinematics of OB-associations and the new reduction of the Hipparcos data
• The abundance of HCN in circumstellar envelopes of AGB stars of different chemical types
• Circumstellar molecular line emission from S-type AGB stars: Mass-loss rates and SiO abundances
• A dusty veil shading Betelgeuse during its Great Dimming
• New observations and models of circumstellar CO line emission of AGB stars in the Herschel SUCCESS programme
• Giants in the globular cluster omega Centauri: dust production, mass loss and distance
• Molecular shells in IRC+10216: tracing the mass loss history
• Distance estimates for AGB stars from parallax measurements
• Clumpy dust clouds and extended atmosphere of the AGB star W Hya revealed with VLT/SPHERE-ZIMPOL and VLTI/AMBER
• Mode switching in the nearby Mira-like variable R Doradus
• A new interpretation of the period-luminosity sequences of long-period variables
• Evolution and Mass Loss of Cool Ageing Stars: a Daedalean Story
• VLTI/AMBER spectro-interferometric imaging of VX Sgr's inhomogenous outer atmosphere
• Detection of a Far-Infrared Bow-Shock Nebula Around R Hya: the First MIRIAD Results
• Fundamental parameters, integrated RGB mass loss and dust production in the Galactic globular cluster 47 Tucanae
• An independent distance estimate to CW Leo
• The atmospheric structure and fundamental parameters of the red supergiants AH Sco, UY Sct and KW Sgr
• The evolution of the Mira variable R Hydrae
• Detailed modelling of the circumstellar molecular line emission of the S-type AGB star W Aquilae
• Imaging the circumstellar dust around AGB stars with PolCor
• The infrared spectral properties of Magellanic carbon stars
• Dust Production and Mass Loss in the Galactic Globular Cluster NGC 362
• ALMA Observations of Anisotropic Dust Mass-loss in the Inner Circumstellar Environment of the Red Supergiant VY Canis Majoris
• Angular Size Measurements Of Mira Variable Stars At 2.2 Microns. II
• Binarity as the Origin of Long Secondary Periods in Red Giant Stars
• Infrared Photometry and Evolution of Mass-Losing AGB Stars. II. Luminosity and Colors of MS and S Stars
• Exploring the origin of clumpy dust clouds around cool giants. A global 3D RHD model of a dust-forming M-type AGB star
• Global 3D radiation-hydrodynamical models of AGB stars with dust-driven winds
• Pulsation-triggered mass loss from AGB stars: the 60-day critical period
• Pulsation-triggered dust production by asymptotic giant branch stars
• Wind morphology around cool evolved stars in binaries: the case of slowly accelerating oxygen-rich outflows
• Dust and molecular shells in asymptotic giant branch stars - Mid-infrared interferometric observations of R Aql, R Aqr, R Hya, W Hya and V Hya
• Resolving the extended stellar atmospheres of Asymptotic Giant Branch stars at (sub-)millimetre wavelengths
• The extended molecular envelope of the asymptotic giant branch star ${\pi }^1$ Gruis as seen by ALMA I. Large-scale kinematic structure and CO excitation properties
• ATOMIUM: ALMA tracing the origins of molecules in dust forming oxygen rich M-type stars: Motivation, sample, calibration, and initial results
• Near-infrared observations of water-ice in OH/IR stars
• OH/IR stars and their superwinds as observed by the Herschel Space Observatory
• The impact of stellar companion UV photons on the chemistry of the circumstellar environments of AGB stars
• SPH modelling of companion-perturbed AGB outflows including a new morphology classification scheme
• Atomium: A high-resolution view on the highly asymmetric wind of the AGB star Pi1 Gruis. I. First detection of a new companion and its effect on the inner wind
• A Pilot Deep Survey for X-Ray Emission from fuvAGB Stars
• Inner dusty envelope of the AGB stars W~Hydrae, SW\,Virginis, and R~Crateris using SPHERE/ZIMPOL
• Templates of binary-induced spiral-shell patterns around mass-losing post-main sequence stars
• Searching for X-ray emission from AGB stars
• The VLTI/MIDI view on the inner mass loss of evolved stars from the Herschel MESS sample
• Continuum emission around AGB stars at 1.2 mm
• ATOMIUM: Probing the inner wind of evolved O-rich stars with new, highly excited H${}_2$O and OH lines
• Properties of self-excited pulsations in 3D simulations of AGB stars and red supergiants
• Observations of Mira stars with the IOTA/FLUOR interferometer and comparison with Mira star models
• ATOMIUM: Molecular inventory of 17 oxygen-rich evolved stars observed with ALMA
• New Measurements of the Radio Photosphere of Mira based on Data from the JVLA and ALMA
• SPH modelling of wind-companion interactions in eccentric AGB binary systems
• Investigating Anomalous Photochemistry in the Inner Wind of IRC+10216 Through Interferometric Observations of HC${}_3$N
• An ISO/SWS study of the dust composition around S stars
• A Spitzer/IRAC Characterization of Galactic AGB and RSG Stars
• Atmospheric molecular blobs shape up circumstellar envelopes of AGB stars
• The VLT/SPHERE view of the ATOMIUM cool evolved star sample. I. Overview: Sample characterization through polarization analysis
• Atomium: The astounding complexity of the near circumstellar environment of the M-type AGB star R Hydrae. I. Morpho-kinematical interpretation of CO and SiO emission
• Impact of HI cooling and study of accretion disks in AGB wind-companion smoothed particle hydrodynamic simulations
• Chemical tracers of a highly eccentric AGB-main sequence star binary
• Infrared interferometric three-dimensional diagnosis of the atmospheric dynamics of the AGB star R Dor with VLTI/AMBER
• Classifying the secondary component of the binary star W Aquilae
• Dust in AGB wind-ISM interaction regions
• History of two mass loss processes in VY CMa. Fast outflows carving older ejecta
• The unusual 3D distribution of NaCl around the AGB star IK Tau
• One month convection timescale on the surface of a giant evolved star
• The Keck Aperture Masking Experiment: Dust Enshrouded Red Giants
• ''Forbidden" stars in the eROSITA all-sky survey: X-ray emission from very late-type giants
• An accreting dwarf star orbiting the S-type giant star pi1 Gru
• VLBI Observations of SiO Masers around AH Scorpii
• Contemporaneous high-angular-resolution imaging of the AGB star W Hya in vibrationally excited H2O lines and visible polarized light with ALMA and VLT/SPHERE-ZIMPOL
• Probing the Extended Atmospheres of AGB Stars: I. Synthetic imaging of 1D hydrodynamical models at radio and (sub-)millimeter wavelengths

Cited by in corpus (2)

• Eppur si eclissa: Eccentric low-mass companions and time-in-dust selection explain long secondary periods
• The dusty envelopes of asymptotic giant branch stars with ultraviolet excesses