LISA sources from young massive and open stellar clusters

Abstract

I study the potential role of young massive (YMCs) and open star clusters (OCs) in assembling stellar-mass binary black holes (BBHs) which would be detectable as persistent gravitational-wave (GW) sources by the forthcoming LISA mission. The energetic dynamical interactions inside star clusters make them factories of assembling BBHs and other types of double-compact binaries that undergo general-relativistic (GR) inspiral and merger. The initial phase of such inspirals would, typically, sweep through the LISA GW band. Here, such LISA sources are studied from a set of evolutionary models of star clusters with masses ranging over $10^4{M}_{\odot }-10^5{M}_{\odot }$ that represent YMCs and intermediate-aged OCs in metal-rich and metal-poor environments of the Local Universe. These models are evolved with long-term, direct, relativistic many-body computations incorporating state-of-the-art stellar-evolutionary and remnant-formation models. Based on models of Local Universe constructed with such model clusters, it is shown that YMCs and intermediate-aged OCs would yield several 10s to 100s of LISA BBH sources at the current cosmic epoch with GW frequency within $10^{-3}\mathrm{Hz}-10^{-1}\mathrm{Hz}$ and signal-to-noise-ratio (S/N) $>5$, assuming a mission lifetime of 5 or 10 years. Such LISA BBHs would have a bimodal distribution in total mass, be generally eccentric ($\lesssim 0.7$), and typically have similar component masses although mass-asymmetric systems are possible. Intrinsically, there would be 1000s of present-day, LISA-detectable BBHs from YMCs and OCs. That way, YMCs and OCs would provide a significant and the dominant contribution to the stellar-mass BBH population detectable by LISA. A small fraction, $<5$%, of these BBHs would undergo GR inspiral to make it to LIGO-Virgo GW frequency band and merge, within the mission timespan; $<15$% would do so within twice the timespan.

13 pages, 3 figures, 1 table. Extended descriptions, discussions, and bibliography; results unaltered. Accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. D

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Cited by in corpus (14)

• Characterization of the stochastic signal originating from compact binaries populations as measured by LISA
• Stellar-mass black holes in young massive and open stellar clusters IV: updated stellar-evolutionary and black hole spin models and comparisons with the LIGO-Virgo O1/O2 merger-event data
• Gravitational Wave Astronomy With TianQin
• Gravitational wave sources in our Galactic backyard: Predictions for BHBH, BHNS and NSNS binaries detectable with LISA
• Gravitational Wave Detection with Photometric Surveys
• Stellar-mass black holes in young massive and open stellar clusters V: comparisons with LIGO-Virgo merger rate densities
• Black hole - black hole total merger mass and the origin of LIGO/Virgo sources
• Binary black hole mergers from young massive and open clusters: comparison to GWTC-2 gravitational wave data
• Symmetry breaking in merging binary black holes from young massive clusters and isolated binaries
• Merger rate density of stellar-mass binary black holes from young massive clusters, open clusters, and isolated binaries: comparisons with LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA results
• Astrophysics with the Laser Interferometer Space Antenna
• Population Synthesis of Black Hole Binaries with Compact Star Companions
• Comparison and application of different post-Newtonian models for inspiralling stellar-mass binary black holes with space-based GW detectors
• Capability for detection of GW190521-like binary black holes with TianQin