Magnetic switching by spin torque from the spin Hall effect

Abstract

The spin Hall effect (SHE) generates spin currents within nonmagnetic materials. Previously, studies of the SHE have been motivated primarily to understand its fundamental origin and magnitude. Here we demonstrate, using measurement and modeling, that in a Pt/Co bilayer with perpendicular magnetic anisotropy the SHE can produce a spin transfer torque that is strong enough to efficiently rotate and reversibly switch the Co magnetization, thereby providing a new strategy both to understand the SHE and to manipulate magnets. We suggest that the SHE torque can have a similarly strong influence on current-driven magnetic domain wall motion in Pt/ferromagnet multilayers. We estimate that in optimized devices the SHE torque can switch magnetic moments using currents comparable to those in magnetic tunnel junctions operated by conventional spin-torque switching, meaning that the SHE can enable magnetic memory and logic devices with similar performance but simpler architecture than the current state of the art.

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• Spin torque switching with the giant spin Hall effect of tantalum
• Dissipationless Quantum Spin Current at Room Temperature
• Spin Transfer Torques
• Direct electronic measurement of the spin Hall effect
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• Magnetization dynamics induced by in-plane currents in ultrathin magnetic nanostructures
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• The domain wall spin torque-meter
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• Study of intrinsic spin and orbital Hall effects in Pt based on a (6s, 6p, 5d) tight-binding model

Cited by in corpus (464)

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• Coexistence of unconventional spin Hall effect and antisymmetric planar Hall effect in IrO${}_2$
• Non-local field-like spin-orbit torques in Rashba systems: an ab-initio study of Ag${}_2$Bi/Ag/Fe film
• Variational approach to the stationary spin-Hall effect
• Stabilization of exponential number of discrete remanent states with localized spin-orbit torques
• Collective Spin-Hall Effect for Electron-Hole Gratings
• The Spin-Orbit Torque from a Magnetic Heterostructure with High-Entropy Alloy
• Tunable spin-charge conversion through topological phase transitions in zigzag nanoribbons
• Spin-orbit Torque Switching in an All-Van der Waals Heterostructure
• Demonstration of a strain-mediated magnetoelectric write and read unit in a Co60Fe20B20/ Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)0.7Ti0.3O3 heterostructure
• Spin-orbit-torque MRAM: from uniaxial to unidirectional switching
• Current controlled non-hysteresis magnetic switching in the ansence of magnetic field
• Ferroelectric control of Néel vector in L10 type of antiferromagnetic films
• Rectification in Spin-Orbit Materials Using Low Energy Barrier Magnets
• Reduction of back switching by large damping ferromagnetic material
• Efficient field-free perpendicular magnetization switching by a magnetic spin Hall effect
• Field-free switching of perpendicular magnetic tunnel junction by the interplay of spin orbit and spin transfer torques
• Reversible magnetic domain reorientation induced by magnetic field pulses with fixed direction
• Domain Wall Motion in Magnetic Nanostrips
• Tuning the perpendicular magnetic anisotropy, spin Hall switching current density and domain wall velocity by submonolayer insertion in Ta / CoFeB / MgO heterostructures
• Indirect excitation of self-oscillation in perpendicular ferromagnet by spin Hall effect
• Non-Equilibrium Green's Function based Circuit Models for Coherent Spin Devices
• Enhancing z spin generation in trivial spin Hall materials for scalable, energy-efficient, field-free, complete spin-orbit torque switching applications
• Spin current transport in hybrid Pt / multifunctional magnetoelectric Ga0.6Fe1.4O3 bilayers
• Room temperature energy-efficient spin-orbit torque switching in wafer-scale all-vdW heterostructure
• Field-free perpendicular magnetization switching by altermagnet with collinear spin current
• Electrical Control Grain Dimensionality with Multilevel Magnetic Anisotropy
• Enhanced spin transfer torque in platinum/ferromagnetic-metal structures by optimizing the platinum thickness
• Electron-magnon spin conversion and magnonic spin pumping in antiferromagnet/heavy metal heterostructure
• Cluster magnetic octupole induced out-of-plane spin polarization in antiperovskite antiferromagnet
• Ferromagnetic interface engineering of spin-charge conversion in RuO${}_2$
• Magnetoelectric effect in band insulator-ferromagnet heterostructures
• Tunneling anisotropic spin galvanic effect
• Symmetry Enhanced Unconventional Spin Current Anisotropy in a Collinear Antiferromagnet
• Large Spin-to-Charge Conversion in Ultrathin Gold-Silicon Multilayers
• Materials Relevant to Realizing a Field-Effect Transistor based on Spin-Orbit Torques
• Out-of-plane auto-oscillation in spin Hall oscillator with additional polarizer
• Threshold current of field-free perpendicular magnetization switching using anomalous spin-orbit torque
• Optimal Control of Stochastic Magnetization Dynamics by Spin Current
• Stochastic Spin-Orbit Torque Devices as Elements for Bayesian Inference
• Observation of spin Nernst photocurrents in topological insulators
• Unraveling the dynamics of magnetization in topological insulator-ferromagnet heterostructures via spin-orbit torque
• Iridium Enabled Field-free Spin-orbit Torque Switching of Perpendicular Magnetic Tunnel Junction Device
• Spin Hall effects in mesoscopic Pt films with high resistivity
• Current-induced in-plane magnetization switching in biaxial ferrimagnetic insulator
• Ferromagnetic layer thickness dependence of the Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction and spin-orbit torques in Pt\Co\AlOx
• Leveraging symmetry for an accurate spin-orbit torques characterization in ferrimagnetic insulators
• Initialization-Free Multistate Memristor: Synergy of Spin-Orbit Torque and Magnetic Fields
• Spin torques and anomalous velocity in spin textures induced by fast electron injection from topological ferromagnets: The role of gauge fields
• Spin-transport, spin-torque and memory in antiferromagnetic devices: Part of a collection of reviews on antiferromagnetic spintronics
• Static and Dynamics of Twisted Skyrmion Tubes in Frustrated Magnets
• Controlling spin-orbit torque by polarization field in multiferroic BiFeO3 based heterostructures
• Odd symmetry planar Hall effect: A method of detecting current-induced in-plane magnetization switching
• Anisotropy and Current Control of Magnetization in SrRuO${}_3$ SrTiO${}_3$ Heterostructures for Spin-Memristors
• Electrical control of metallic heavy-metal/ferromagnet interfacial states
• The spin Hall effect
• Spin orbit torque controlled stochastic oscillators with synchronization and frequency tunability
• Deterministic switching of perpendicularly magnetic layers by spin orbital torque through stray field engineering
• Large spin Hall magnetoresistance and its correlation to the spin-orbit torque in W/CoFeB/MgO structures
• Spin-orbit torque switching of Néel order in band-inverted antiferromagnetic bilayer MnBi${}_2$Te${}_4$
• Switching time of spin-torque-driven magnetization in biaxial ferromagnets
• Hardware implementation of Bayesian network building blocks with stochastic spintronic devices
• Description of statistical switching in perpendicular STT-MRAM within an analytical and numerical micromagnetic framework
• Field-Free Switching of Perpendicular Magnetic Tunnel Junction via Voltage-Gated Spin Hall Effect for Low-Power Spintronic Memory
• Strained topological insulator spin-orbit torque random access memory (STI-SOTRAM) bit cell for energy-efficient Processing in Memory
• In-plane dominant anisotropy stochastic magnetic tunnel junction for probabilistic computing: A Fokker-Planck study
• A comparison of two different mechanisms for deterministic spin orbit torque magnetization switching
• Anatomy of Type-X Spin-Orbit Torque Switching
• Current-induced CrI3 surface spin-flop transition probed by proximity magnetoresistance in Pt
• Spin Based Biosensor with Hard Axis Assist for Enhanced Sensitivity
• AC Current-Driven Magnetization Switching and Nonlinear Hall Rectification in a Magnetic Topological Insulator
• Spin-Orbit Torque and Magnetization Switching in 2D Ferromagnetic Devices
• Enhanced spin-orbit torque via interface engineering in Pt/CoFeB/MgO heterostructures
• Theory of magnetic spin and orbital Hall and Nernst effects in bulk ferromagnets
• Magnetically Ordered Insulators for Advanced Spintronics
• Current-induced spin-orbit torque on the surface of a transition metal dichalcogenide connected to a two-dimensional ferromagnet CrI${}_3$: Effects of twisting and gating
• Berry Phase origin of the planar spin Hall effect
• Anisotropy of the spin Hall effect in a Dirac ferromagnet
• Direct determination of Spin-Orbit torque by using dc current-voltage characteristics
• Investigating spin and orbital effects via spin-torque ferromagnetic resonance
• Topological Spin-Orbit Torque in Ferrimagnetic Weyl Semimetal
• Spin-orbit torque in Pt/CoNiCo/Pt symmetric devices
• Picosecond spin-orbit torque switching of ferrimagnets
• Enhanced Spin-Orbit Torques and Magnetization Switching through Interface Engineering
• Efficient computation of demagnetising fields for magnetic multilayers using multilayered convolution
• Deterministic Switching of Perpendicular Ferromagnets by Higher harmonics of Spin-orbit Torque in Noncentrosymmetric Weyl Semimetals
• Coherent Sub-Nanosecond Switching of Perpendicular Magnetization by the Field-like Spin-Orbit Torque without an External Magnetic Field
• Universal chiral-triggered magnetization switching in confined nanodots
• Shape Anisotropy Enabled Field Free Switching of Perpendicular Nanomagnets
• Designing Magnetic Topological Insulator Trilayers for Highly-Efficient Spin-Orbit Torque Switching
• Influences of interfacial oxidization on surface magnetic energy, magnetic damping and spin-orbit-torques in Pt / ferromagnet / capping structures
• Spin structure of Graphene/Pt interface for spin current formation and induced magnetization in deposited (Ni-Fe)-nanodots
• Field-Free Deterministic Writing of SOT-MTJ by Unipolar Current
• Ultra-fast magnetization manipulation using single femtosecond light and hot-electrons pulse
• A novel design to realize deterministic switching of perpendicularly magnetic layers by spin orbital torque through antiferromagnetic coupling
• A new route to spin-orbit torque engineering via oxygen manipulation
• A15 Phase Ta3Sb Thin Films: Direct Synthesis, Charge Transport and Spin-Orbit Torque
• Zero-field spin-orbit-torque switching driven by magnetic spin Hall effect
• In-situ study of oxygen exposure effect on spin-orbit torque in Pt/Co bilayers in ultrahigh vacuum