Observational constraints on growth of massive black holes

Abstract

We study the observational constraints on the growth of massive black holes (BHs) in galactic nuclei. We use the velocity dispersions of early-type galaxies obtained by the SDSS and the relation between BH mass and velocity dispersion to estimate the local BH mass density to be 2.5x10^5 Msun/Mpc^3. We also use the QSO luminosity function from the 2dF Redshift Survey to estimate the BH mass density accreted during optically bright QSO phases. The local BH mass density is consistent with the density accreted during optically bright QSO phases if QSOs have an efficiency 0.1. By studying the continuity equation for the BH mass distribution, including the effect of BH mergers, we find relations between the local BH mass function and the QSO luminosity function. If the BH mass is assumed to be conserved during BH mergers, comparison of the predicted relations with the observations suggests that luminous QSOs (L_{bol}>10^{46} erg/s) have a high efficiency (e.g. 0.2), and the growth of high-mass BHs (>10^8 Msun) comes mainly from accretion during optically bright QSO phases, or that luminous QSOs have a super-Eddington luminosity. If luminous QSOs are not accreting with super-Eddington luminosities and the growth of low-mass BHs also occurs mainly during optically bright QSO phases, less luminous QSOs must accrete with a low efficiency <0.1; alternatively, they may accrete with high efficiency, but a significant fraction should be obscured. We estimate that the mean lifetime of luminous QSOs is (3-13)x10^7 yr, which is comparable to the Salpeter time. We also investigate the case in which total BH mass decreases during BH mergers due to gravitational radiation, and the observations again suggest that BHs in most luminous QSOs are Kerr BHs accreting with an efficiency >0.1.

revised, main conclusions not changed, 18 pages, including 5 figures, MNRAS in press

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• Redshifted 21cm Signatures Around the Highest Redshift Quasars
• Cosmological Evolution of Supermassive Black Holes. II. Evidence for Downsizing of Spin Evolution
• Simulating the growth of Intermediate Mass Black Holes
• The kinetic luminosity function and the jet production efficiency of growing black holes
• The MicroJansky Radio Galaxy Population
• Can winds driven by active galactic nuclei account for the extragalactic gamma-ray and neutrino backgrounds?
• The supermassive black hole in the Seyfert 2 galaxy NGC 5252
• The Strömgren sphere, the environment and the reionization in the local universe of the highest redshift QSOs
• Statistical Detection of the HeII Transverse Proximity Effect: Evidence for Sustained Quasar Activity for $>$25 Million Years
• Constraining the supermassive black holes evolution through the continuity equation
• Observing the Galaxy's massive black hole with gravitational wave bursts
• The Building Up of the Black Hole Mass - Stellar Mass Relation
• Massive black hole remnants of the first stars I: abundance in present-day galactic haloes
• Cosmic Backgrounds from Miniquasars
• Determining Quasar Black Hole Mass Functions from their Broad Emission Lines: Application to the Bright Quasar Survey
• A near-infrared relationship for estimating black hole masses in active galactic nuclei
• A near-IR study of the host galaxies of 2Jy radio sources at 0.03 < z < 0.5: I - the data
• On the X-ray spectra of luminous, inhomogeneous accretion flows
• Feedback from quasars in star-forming galaxies and the triggering of massive galactic winds
• Observational constraints on the co-evolution of supermassive black holes and galaxies
• Probing black hole accretion tracks, scaling relations and radiative efficiencies from stacked X-ray active galactic nuclei
• Average Fe K-alpha emission from distant AGN
• Radiative Transfer and Radiative driving of Outflows in AGN and Starbursts
• The Origin of Double-peaked Narrow Lines in Active Galactic Nuclei. IV. Association with Galaxy Mergers
• Jet enhanced accretion growth of supermassive black holes
• On the Feedback Efficiency of Active Galactic Nuclei
• Tidal Disruption of Stellar Objects by Hard Supermassive Black Hole Binaries
• Cosmological evolution of supermassive black holes. I. mass function at 0<z<2
• Rapid growth of black holes accompanied with hot or warm outflows exposed to anisotropic super-Eddington radiation
• Binary Active Galactic Nuclei in Stripe 82: Constraints on Synchronized Black Hole Accretion in Major Mergers
• Multiepoch Sky Surveys and the Lifetime of Quasars
• Cosmological evolution of massive black holes: effects of Eddington ratio distribution and quasar lifetime
• X-Ray Evolution of Active Galactic Nuclei and Hierarchical Galaxy Formation
• Evolution of chemical abundances in Seyfert galaxies
• Accretion, Growth of Supermassive Black Holes, and Feedback in Galaxy Mergers
• X-ray Constraints on the AGN Properties in Spitzer-IRS identified z~2 Ultraluminous Infrared Galaxies
• Black hole mergers: do gas discs lead to spin alignment?
• Contribution of the accretion disk, hot corona, and obscuring torus to the luminosity of Seyfert galaxies: INTEGRAL and Spitzer observations
• The Sloan Digital Sky Survey Reverberation Mapping Project: Post-Starburst Signatures in Quasar Host Galaxies at z < 1
• The Impact of Energy Feedback on Quasar Evolution and Black Hole Demographics
• BASS XXXI: Outflow scaling relations in low redshift X-ray AGN host galaxies with MUSE
• Low redshift AGN in the Hamburg/ESO Survey: I. The local AGN luminosity function
• Active Galactic Nuclei Feedback in an Elliptical Galaxy with the Most Updated AGN Physics (II): High-Angular Momentum Case
• Constraints on the Process that Regulates the Growth of Supermassive Black Holes Based on the Intrinsic Scatter in the M_bh-sigma Relation
• On the Formation of Molecular Clumps in QSO Outflows
• Differences in the AGN Populations of Groups and Clusters: Clues to AGN Evolution
• Optical vs. infrared studies of dusty galaxies and AGN: (I) Nebular emission lines
• Star Formation in the vicinity of Nuclear Black Holes: Young Stellar Objects close to Sgr A*
• Estimating the effective lifetime of the $z\sim 6$ quasar population from the composite proximity zone profile
• Ultraviolet variability of quasars: dependence on the accretion rate
• He II Proximity Effect and the Lifetime of Quasars
• Massive black holes in central cluster galaxies
• Measuring the Radiative Histories of QSOs with the Transverse Proximity Effect
• Cosmic Evolution of Star Formation In SDSS Quasar Hosts Since z=1
• The Fundamental Plane Evolution of Active Galactic Nucleus Host Galaxies
• Discovery of a Candidate Binary Supermassive Black Hole in a Periodic Quasar from Circumbinary Accretion Variability
• Star Formation in Quasar Disk
• Accretion Disks in Active Galactic Nuclei: Gas Supply Driven by Star Formation
• Evolution of accretion disks around massive black holes: constraints from the demography of active galactic nuclei
• Spectral and morphological properties of quasar hosts in SPH simulations of AGN feeding by mergers
• On the limit cycle instability in magnetized accretion discs
• The Landscape of Galaxies Harboring Changing-Look Active Galactic Nuclei in the Local Universe
• AGN feedback in elliptical galaxies: numerical simulations
• Eddington ratios of faint AGN at intermediate redshift: Evidence for a population of half-starved black holes
• Physics of Coevolution of Galaxies and Supermassive Black Holes
• SMBH in Galactic Nuclei with Tidal Disruption of Stars
• Extreme Variability and Episodic Lifetime of Quasars
• The scaling relations of galaxy clusters and their dark matter halos
• Introducing the Search for Intermediate-mass Black-hole In Nearby Galaxy (SIBLING) Survey
• Formation channels of slowly rotating early-type galaxies
• Metals in the circumgalactic medium are out of ionization equilibrium due to fluctuating active galactic nuclei
• Radiative Efficiency of Disk Accretion in Individual SDSS QSOs
• Extreme-mass-ratio-bursts from extragalactic sources
• Exploring the disk-jet connection in NGC 315
• AGNs as main contributors to the UV ionizing emissivity at high redshifts: predictions from a Lambda-CDM model with linked AGN/galaxy evolution
• The local supermassive black hole mass density: corrections for dependencies on the Hubble constant
• Comparisons of Cosmological MHD Galaxy Cluster Simulations to Radio Observations
• The New Numerical Galaxy Catalogue (ν^2 GC): Properties of Active Galactic Nuclei and Their Host Galaxies
• X-ray properties expected from AGN feedback in elliptical galaxies
• The Role of Major Mergers and Nuclear Star Formation in Nearby Obscured Quasars
• The local black hole mass function derived from the M_{BH}-P and the M_{BH}-n relations
• Global Compton heating and cooling in hot accretion flows
• Effects Of Circum-nuclear Disk Gas Evolution And The Spin Of Central Black Holes
• Calibrating the Galaxy Halo - Black Hole Relation Based on the Clustering of Quasars
• Active Galaxies and Radiative Heating
• Feedback from central black holes in elliptical galaxies. II: Can purely mechanical energy feedback models work?
• SDSS 0956+5128: A Broad-line Quasar with Extreme Velocity Offsets
• Hard X-Ray to Radio Multiwavelength SED Analysis of Local U/LIRGs in GOALS Sample with Self-consistent AGN Model Including Polar-dust Component
• Extragalactic gamma-ray background from AGN winds and star-forming galaxies in cosmological galaxy formation models
• The cosmic evolution of massive black holes and galaxy spheroids: global constraints at redshift z<~1.2
• Evolution of active galactic nuclei
• The cosmological consequence of an obscured AGN population on the radiation efficiency
• Time variability of AGN and heating of cooling flows
• Impact of astrophysical processes on the gamma-ray background from dark matter annihilations
• Heavy primordial black holes from strongly clustered light black holes
• Low redshift quasars in the SDSS Stripe 82. The local environments
• On the central black hole mass in Mkn~501
• The Most Massive Black Holes in the Universe: Effects of Mergers in Massive Galaxy Clusters
• Formation of Supermassive Black Holes in Galactic Bulges: A Rotating Collapse Model Consistent with the $\mbh-σ$ Relation
• Outflows in the inner kiloparsec of NGC 1566 as revealed by molecular (ALMA) and ionized gas (Gemini-GMOS/IFU) kinematics
• Superfluid Dark Matter around Black Holes
• Observing Supermassive Black Holes across cosmic time: from phenomenology to physics
• Constraints on black hole duty cycles and the black hole-halo relation from SDSS quasar clustering
• The sigma - L correlation in Nearby Early-Type Galaxies
• Super-Eddington growth of black holes in the early Universe: effects of disk radiation spectra
• A Correlation Between the Ionization State of the Inner Accretion Disk and the Eddington Ratio of Active Galactic Nuclei
• Little Red Dots As Late-stage Quasi-stars
• "Little red dots" cannot reside in the same dark matter halos as comparably luminous unobscured quasars
• Discovery of Dying Active Galactic Nucleus in Arp 187: Experience of Drastic Luminosity Decline within $10^4$ years
• A unified model for the clustering of quasars and galaxies at $z\approx 6$
• The Effects of X-Ray Feedback from AGN on Host Galaxy Evolution
• The relative growth of Optical and Radio Quasars in SDSS
• Quasar-driven outflows account for the missing extragalactic gamma-ray background
• A Unique View of AGN-Driven Molecular Outflows: The Discovery of a Massive Galaxy Counterpart to a $z=2.4$ High-Metallicity Damped Lyman-$\alpha$ Absorber
• The Accretion Geometry in Radio-Loud Active Galaxies
• Constraining AGN triggering mechanisms through the clustering analysis of active black holes
• Massive Black Hole Science with eLISA
• The high efficiency jets magnetically accelerated from a thin disk in powerful lobe-dominated FRII radio galaxies
• On Constraining the Growth History of Massive Black Holes via Their Distribution on the Spin-Mass Plane
• The near-infrared radius-luminosity relationship for active galactic nuclei
• A z=3.045 Lyman alpha emitting halo hosting a QSO and a possible candidate for AGN-triggered star-formation
• Quasar-Galaxy Clustering through Projected Galaxy Counts at z=0.6-1.2
• Constraints on Quasar Lifetimes and Beaming from the HeII Lyman-alpha Forest
• The luminous host galaxies of high redshift BL Lac objects
• Dark matter concentrations in galactic nuclei according to polytropic models
• Spins of the supermassive black hole in M87: new constraints from TeV observations
• MACER improved: AGN feedback computed in rotating early-type galaxies at high resolution
• On the Role of Hot Feedback Mode in Active Galactic Nuclei Feedback in an Elliptical Galaxy
• The Evolution of Active Galactic Nuclei in Warm Dark Matter Cosmology
• On the Possibility that Ultra-Light Boson halos host and form Super-massive Black Holes
• On the dust tori in Palomar-Green quasars
• Evidence for higher black hole spin in radio-loud quasars
• On the cosmological evolution of the black hole - host galaxy relation in quasars
• High-redshift SMBHs can grow from stellar-mass seeds via chaotic accretion
• Dating individual quasars with the HeII proximity effect
• The nature of Composite Seyfert/Star-forming galaxies revealed by X-ray observations
• Star Formation in QSO Host Galaxies
• The Cosmic History of Black Hole Growth from Deep Multiwavelength Surveys
• The line-of-sight proximity effect in individual quasar spectra
• Transition of BH feeding from the quiescent regime into star-forming cold disk regime
• The Assembly of Black Hole Mass and Luminosity Functions of High-redshift Quasars via Multiple Accretion Episodes
• Gravitational-wave background from compact objects embedded in AGN accretion disks
• Variability of Moderate Luminosity Active Galactic Nuclei at z=0.36
• Gemini Imaging of the Host Galaxies of Changing-Look Quasars
• Cumulative neutrino background from quasar-driven outflows
• The impact of anisotropy from finite light travel time on detecting ionized bubbles in redshifted 21-cm maps
• Supermassive Black Hole Winds in X-rays -- SUBWAYS. III. A population study on ultra-fast outflows
• SIMBA-C: An updated chemical enrichment model for galactic chemical evolution in the SIMBA simulation
• Helium Reionization Simulations. I. Modeling Quasars as Radiation Sources
• Intermittent AGN episodes drive outflows with a large spread of observable loading factors
• Host Galaxies of the High-redshift AGNs in the GOODS Fields
• The Formation and Evolution of the First Massive Black Holes
• The accretion of a solar mass per day by a 17-billion solar mass black hole
• Massive Black Holes: formation and evolution
• Constraints on radiatively inefficient accretion history of active galactic nuclei from hard cosmological X-ray background
• On the Prevalence of Super-Massive Black Holes over Cosmic Time
• Gravitational waves from supermassive black hole binaries in ultra-luminous infrared galaxies
• Evolution of growing black holes in axisymmetric galaxy cores
• Kinematic signatures of AGN feedback in moderately powerful radio galaxies at z~2 observed with SINFONI
• The imprint of the cosmic supermassive black hole growth history on the 21 cm background radiation
• A simple model for the evolution of super-massive black holes and the quasar population
• Detection and Fundamental Applications of Individual First Galaxies
• Cosmological simulations of quasar fueling to sub-parsec scales using Lagrangian hyper-refinement
• How empty is an empty loss cone?
• TRINITY II: The Luminosity-dependent Bias of the Supermassive Black Hole Mass--Galaxy Mass Relation for Bright Quasars at $z=6$
• Placing LOFAR-detected quasars in CIV emission space: implications for winds, jets and star formation
• Accretion History of AGN III: Radiative Efficiency and AGN Contribution to Reionization
• On the diversity of the jet production efficiency in Swift/BAT AGNs
• Iron-Line Emission as a Probe of Bardeen-Petterson Accretion Disks
• Environmental effects on the growth of super massive black holes and AGN feedback
• The torquing of circumnuclear accretion disks by stars and the evolution of massive black holes
• AGN Outflows in a Cosmological Context
• The Black Hole Mass Function Across Cosmic Times II. Heavy Seeds and (Super)Massive Black Holes
• The host galaxies of radio-quiet quasars at 0.5<z<1.0
• Constraints on accretion disk size in the massive type 1 quasar PG 2308+098 from optical continuum reverberation lags
• Slowing down of cosmic growth of supermassive black holes: Theoretical prediction of the Eddington ratio distribution
• A practical guide to the massive black hole cosmic history
• Detection of Gravitational Waves from the Coalescence of Population-III Remnants with Advanced LIGO
• Microlensing of Sub-parsec Massive Binary Black Holes in Lensed QSOs: Light Curves and Size-Wavelength Relation
• Observations of quasar hosts with adaptive optics at Lick Observatory
• From Seeds to Supermassive Black Holes: Capture, Growth, Migration, and Pairing in Dense Proto-Bulge Environments
• Properties of High Redshift Quasars-I: Evolution of the super-massive black-hole to halo mass ratio
• Possible Evolution of Supermassive Black Holes from FRI quasars
• An upper limit to the central density of dark matter haloes from consistency with the presence of massive central black holes
• Constraining the origin of stellar binary black hole mergers by detections of their lensed host galaxies and gravitational wave signals
• The Subaru/XMM-Newton Deep Field - II. The 37 brightest radio sources
• Properties of Luminous Red Galaxies in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey
• SUPER VII. Morphology and kinematics of H$\alpha$ emission in AGN host galaxies at Cosmic noon using SINFONI
• Cosmic rays, lithium abundance and excess entropy in galaxy clusters
• Physical properties of AGN host galaxies as a probe of SMBH feeding mechanisms
• Dust Budget Crisis in Little Red Dots
• Accretion disk warping by resonant relaxation: The case of maser disk NGC4258
• Spinning black holes as cosmic string factories
• The formation of bulges and black holes: lessons from a census of active galaxies in the SDSS
• The effect of macromodel uncertainties on microlensing modelling of lensed quasars
• Probing Distant Massive Black Holes with LISA
• The relation between black hole masses and Lorentz factors of the jet components in blazars
• Cosmological growth and feedback from supermassive black holes
• Outflows from Quasars and Ultraluminous X-ray Sources
• Resolving the dynamical mass of a z~1.3 QSO host galaxy using SINFONI and Laser Guide Star assisted Adaptive Optics
• A 1-dimensional hydrodynamic model for accretion, cooling and heating of gas in dark matter halos from $z=6$ to $z=0$
• On The Dark Side of Quasar Evolution
• Two phase galaxy formation: The Evolutionary Properties of Galaxies
• Growth of massive black holes during radiatively inefficient accretion phases
• Mass Function of Binary Massive Black Holes in Active Galactic Nuclei
• Stellar collisions in galactic centers: black hole growth and color gradients
• A Joint Model Of X-ray And Infrared Backgrounds. II. Compton-Thick AGN Abundance
• Source Mergers and Bubble Growth During Reionization
• Mechanical heating by active galaxies
• Quashing a suspected selection bias in galaxy samples having dynamically-measured supermassive black holes
• HI 21cm probes of reionization, and beyond
• Black hole masses of weak emission line quasars based on continuum fit method
• Grain Physics and IR Dust Emission in AGN Environments
• On probing the properties of QSOs through their proximity effects on the intergalactic medium
• Host galaxies of luminous quasars: population synthesis of optical off-axis spectra
• Cosmic Star Formation History from Local Observations and an Outline for Galaxy Formation and Evolution
• Episodic activities of supermassive black holes at redshift $z\le 2$: driven by mergers?
• Active Galactic Nucleus Feedback in an Elliptical Galaxy with the Most Updated AGN Physics: Parameter Explorations
• Quasistationary solutions of scalar fields around accreting black holes
• Growth of Intermediate Massive Black Holes in the Hierarchical Formation of Small Spiral Galaxies in the High-z Universe
• Evolution of luminosity function and obscuration of AGN: connecting X-ray and Infrared
• Eddington accreting Black Holes in the Epoch of Reionization
• Running Late: Testing Delayed Supermassive Black Hole Growth Models Against the Quasar Luminosity Function
• XMM-Newton and Broad Iron Lines
• Spectroastrometry of rotating gas disks for the detection of supermassive black holes in galactic nuclei. II. Application to the galaxy Centaurus A (NGC 5128)
• Spectroastrometry of rotating gas disks for the detection of supermassive black holes in galactic nuclei. III. CRIRES observations of the Circinus galaxy
• Probing the growth of supermassive black holes at z>6 with LOFAR
• Structure of the nucleus of 1928+738
• The black hole mass versus velocity dispersion relation in QSOs/Active Galactic Nuclei: observational appearance and black hole growth
• Discovery of the most luminous quasar of the last 9 Gyr
• The Eddington Limit in Cosmic Rays: An Explanation for the Observed Lack of Low-Mass Radio-Loud Quasars and the M_{BH}-M_{Bulge} Relation
• Parameterizing the Outflow from a Central Black Hole in Dwarf Spheroidal Galaxies: A 3D Hydrodynamic Simulation
• The role of environment in low-level active galactic nucleus activity: no evidence for cluster enhancement
• Probing quasar lifetimes with proximate $21$-centimetre absorption in the diffuse intergalactic medium at redshifts $z\ge 6$
• Quantifying the effect of black hole feedback from the central galaxy on the satellite populations of groups and clusters
• Most hard X-ray selected quasars in Chandra Deep Fields are obscured
• Ultra-high-energy cosmic rays from ultra-fast outflows of active galactic nuclei
• Successive Merger of Multiple Massive Black Holes in a Primordial Galaxy
• SMBH growth parameters in the early Universe of Millennium and Millennium-II simulations
• Accretion onto supermassive and intermediate mass black holes in cosmological simulations
• Dark matter halos and the M-σrelation for supermassive black holes
• Sub-Eddington super-massive black hole activity in Fornax early type galaxies
• Evolution of the mass relation between supermassive black holes and dark matter halos across the cosmic time
• Outflows in the Gaseous Discs of Active Galaxies and their impact on Black Hole Scaling Relations
• On the Mean Radiative Efficiency of Accreting Massive Black Holes in AGNs And QSOs
• Exponentially growing bubbles around early super massive black holes
• Testing the Completeness of the SDSS Colour Selection for Ultramassive, Slowly Spinning Black Holes
• Gravitational Waves from Direct Collapse Black Holes Formation
• Evidence for cosmic evolution in the spin of the most massive black holes
• Co-Evolution vs. Co-existence: The Effect of Accretion Modelling on the Evolution of Black Holes and Host Galaxies
• Characterising SMSS J2157--3602, the most luminous known quasar, with accretion disc models
• Exploring Supermassive Black Hole Growth with ALMA
• Supermassive Black Holes: Connecting the Growth to the Cosmic Star Formation Rate
• Growth of massive black holes at high-z via accretion predominantly driven by magnetic outflows
• Black hole feedback and the evolution of massive early-type galaxies
• Feedback-regulated Seed Black Hole Growth in Star-Forming Molecular Clouds and Galactic Nuclei
• SMBH accretion & mergers: removing the symmetries
• Effect of accreting tidally disrupted stars on the spin evolution of $\sim 10^6{M}_{\odot }$ black holes
• Dark halo microphysics and massive black hole scaling relations in galaxies
• XMMSL1J063045.9-603110: a tidal disruption event fallen into the back burner
• Cosmological Growth History of Supermassive Black Holes and Demographics in the High-z Universe : Do Lyman-Break Galaxies Have Supermassive Black Holes?
• Growth of massive black holes at their late stage
• Evolution of supermassive black holes
• Radio-loudness of Active Galaxies and the Black Hole Evolution
• Close stars and accretion in Low Luminosity Active Galactic Nuclei
• Relativistic Accretion Mediated by Turbulent Comptonization
• Sculpting the Stellar Cusp in the Galactic Center
• Self-forced evolutions of an implicit rotating source: A natural framework to model comparable and intermediate mass-ratio systems from inspiral through ringdown
• Effects of supermassive binary black holes on gravitational lenses
• Rapidly spinning massive black holes in active galactic nuclei: evidence from the black hole mass function
• Properties of AGN selected by their mid-IR colours: evidence for a physically distinct mode of black hole growth
• The Quasar Mass-Luminosity Plane III: Smaller Errors on Virial Mass Estimates
• Effects of Superradiance in Active Galactic Nuclei
• Photometric IGM Tomography: Efficiently Mapping Quasar Light Echoes with Deep Narrow Band Imaging
• Infrared spectroscopic confirmation of z~2 photometrically-selected obscured quasars
• Monster radio jet (>66 kpc) observed in quasar at z$\sim$5
• Astrophysics with the Laser Interferometer Space Antenna
• AGN STORM 2: I. First results: A Change in the Weather of Mrk 817
• The possible detection of high redshift Type II QSOs in deep fields
• Modeling the accretion history of supermassive black holes
• Sub-millimeter Detected z~2 Radio-quiet QSOs: Accurate Redshifts, Black Hole Masses, and Inflow/Outflow Velocities
• Relativistic effects on the observed AGN luminosity distribution
• Premature supermassive black hole mergers in cosmological simulations of structure formation
• Accretion discs onto supermassive compact objects: a portal to dark matter physics in active galaxies
• Estimating black hole masses in young radio sources using CFHT spectroscopy
• Stellar and Black Hole Mass Densities as Empirical Tracers of Co-evolution Show Lock-step Growth since $z\sim 3$
• Probing Broad Absorption Line Quasar Outflows: X-ray Insights
• Merger Criteria of Multiple Massive Black Holes and the Impact on the Host Galaxy
• The parallel lives of supermassive black holes and their host galaxies
• Optical Spectroscopy of Dual Quasar Candidates from the Subaru HSC-SSP program
• Rest-frame optical continua of L ~ L*, z>3 quasars: probing the faint end of the high z quasar luminosity function
• Machine learning applications for the study of AGN physical properties using photometric observations
• Quasar lifetime measurements from extended Ly$\alpha$ nebulae at $z\sim 6$
• Discovery of a z=0.65 Post-Starburst BAL Quasar in the DES Supernova Fields
• Probing the rest-frame wavelength dependence of quasar variability : Insights from the Zwicky Transient Facility Survey
• Quasars and their host galaxies
• Revisiting Soltan's argument based on a semi-analytical model for galaxy and black hole evolution
• On Variation of Light Curves and Broad Emission Lines for Periodic QSOs from co-rotating Supermassive binary black holes in elliptical orbits
• Effects of spin on constraining the seeds and growth of $\gtrsim 10^9{M}_{\odot }$ supermassive black holes in $z>6.5$ Quasars
• An Extremely Bright QSO at $z=2.89$
• On the origin of the diffuse gamma-ray background radiation
• Detection of extended millimeter emission in the host galaxy of 3C273 and its implications for QSO feedback via high dynamic range ALMA imaging
• Rapidly Spinning Black Holes in Quasars: An Open Question
• Dynamical and thermal properties of the parsec-scale gases spherically accreted onto low luminous active galactic nuclei
• The feedback of quasars on their galactic environment
• Reconciling PTA and JWST and preparing for LISA with POMPOCO: a Parametrisation Of the Massive black hole POpulation for Comparison to Observations
• A unique window into the Epoch of Reionisation: A double-peaked Lyman-$\alpha$ emitter in the proximity zone of a quasar at $z\sim 6.6$
• Searching for Radio Outflows from M31* with VLBI Observations
• Anisotropy of Nanohertz Gravitational Wave Background and Source Clustering from Supermassive Binary Black Holes Based on Cosmological Simulation
• Spatial Correlation of Massive Black Hole Mergers: Probing the Formation Mechanism and Reionization
• Effects of Biases in Virial Mass Estimation on Cosmic Synchronization of Quasar Accretion
• Evolutionary Tracks of Individual Quasars in the Mass-Luminosity Plane
• Astrophysical black holes
• H1821+643: The most X-ray and infrared luminous AGN in the Swift/BAT survey in the process of rapid stellar and supermassive black hole mass assembly
• Metal Enrichment of the Intergalactic Medium and Production of Massive Black Holes
• Early Growth of Massive Black Holes in Quasars
• A Shining Death of Unequal Supermassive Black Hole Binaries
• Shocked POststarburst Galaxy Survey. IV. Outflows in Shocked Post-Starburst Galaxies Are Not Responsible For Quenching
• Tracing the History of Recent Bulge Star Formation in Active Galactic Nuclei
• The HI Content of Red Geyser Galaxies
• Formation and Evolution of Supermassive Black Holes
• On the Power to Constrain the Accretion History of Massive Black Holes via Spin Measurements by Upcoming X-Ray Telescopes
• The host galaxies of low luminosity quasars at high redshift
• Cosmic quenching and scaling laws for the evolution of supermassive black holes and host galaxies
• Black holes and the supermassive compact object at the Galactic center: multi-arts of thought and nature
• Constraining the baryon loading factor of AGN jets: implication from the gamma-ray emission of the Coma cluster
• Extracting the Possible Intrinsic Relation between Radiative Efficiency and Mass of QSOs: a Maximum Likelihood Method and its Application to the SDSS DR7 QSOs
• Fake plunges are very eccentric real EMRIs in disguise ... they dominate the rates and are blissfully ignorant of angular momentum barriers
• Multi-wavelength properties of $z\gtrsim 6$ LISA detectable events
• Gravitational Lensing of Gravitational Waves from Astrophysical Sources: Theory, Detection, and Applications
• A stellar dynamical mass measurement of an inactive black hole at redshift 2
• The Eddington Ratio Distribution of Narrow Line Active Galactic Nuclei
• Early Stages of Dusty Tori: The First Infrared Spectra from a Highly Multiscale Quasar Simulation
• The early evolution of massive black holes
• Cosmological evolution of the AGN Kinetic Luminosity Function
• Early Cosmic Chemical Evolution: Relating the Origin of a Diffuse Intergalactic Medium and the First Long-Lived Stars
• An equal mass ratio supermassive binary black holes in Q J0158-4325 with periodic microlensing signature?
• Revisiting Disk Winds in Active Galactic Nuclei as an Origin of Cosmic Gamma-ray and Neutrino Backgrounds
• Multiwavelength periodic microlensing signatures of macrolensed supermassive binary black holes
• A Population Study for Searching Supermassive Binary Black Holes in Active Galactic Nuclei: Continuum Spectral Features and Periodic Variabilities
• Instability of Population III Black Hole Accretion Disks
• Variability Selected Active Galactic Nuclei from ASAS-SN Survey: Constraining the Low Luminosity AGN Population
• The Unusual Weak-Line Quasar PG1407+265 and its Foreground z~0.7 X-ray Cluster
• The nuclear to host galaxy relation of high redshift quasars
• Strong gravity effects: X-ray spectra, variability and polarimetry
• Massive black holes and their galaxies
• Chemical evolution of Seyfert galaxies
• A complete census of AGN and their hosts from optical surveys?