The Luminosity Function of X-ray Selected Active Galactic Nuclei: Evolution of Supermassive Black Holes at High Redshift

Abstract

We present a measure of the hard (2-8 keV) X-ray luminosity function (XLF) of Active Galactic Nuclei up to z~5. At high redshifts, the wide area coverage of the Chandra Multiwavength Project is crucial to detect rare and luminous (Lx > 10^44 erg s^-1) AGN. The inclusion of samples from deeper published surveys, such as the Chandra Deep Fields, allows us to span the lower Lx range of the XLF. Our sample is selected from both the hard (z < 3; f(2-8 keV) > 6.3x10^-16 erg cm^-2 s^-1) and soft (z > 3; f(0.5-2.0 keV) > 1.0x10^-16 erg cm^-2 s^-1) energy band detections. Within our optical magnitude limits (r',i' < 24), we achieve an adequate level of completeness (>50%) regarding X-ray source identification (i.e., redshift). We find that the luminosity function is similar to that found in previous X-ray surveys up to z~3 with an evolution dependent upon both luminosity and redshift. At z > 3, there is a significant decline in the numbers of AGN with an evolution rate similar to that found by studies of optically-selected QSOs. Based on our XLF, we assess the resolved fraction of the Cosmic X-ray Background, the cumulative mass density of Supermassive Black Holes (SMBHs), and the comparison of the mean accretion rate onto SMBHs and the star formation history of galaxies as a function of redshift. A coevolution scenario up to z~2 is plausible though at higher redshifts the accretion rate onto SMBHs drops more rapidly. Finally, we highlight the need for better statistics of high redshift AGN at z > 3, which is achievable with the upcoming Chandra surveys.

Accepted for publication in ApJ; 25 pages, 18 figures

References in corpus (89)

• The Great Observatories Origins Deep Survey: Initial Results From Optical and Near-Infrared Imaging
• The u'g'r'i'z' Standard Star Network
• Local Supermassive Black Holes, Relics of Active Galactic Nuclei and the X-ray Background
• Lyman Break Galaxies at z>4 and the Evolution of the UV Luminosity Density at High Redshift
• A Redshift Survey of the Submillimeter Galaxy Population
• An Observational Determination of the Bolometric Quasar Luminosity Function
• Cosmological Evolution of the Hard X-ray AGN Luminosity Function and the Origin of the Hard X-ray Background
• Observational constraints on growth of massive black holes
• The synthesis of the cosmic X-ray background in the Chandra and XMM-Newton era
• The SDSS Quasar Survey: Quasar Luminosity Function from Data Release Three
• Present-Day Growth of Black Holes and Bulges: the SDSS Perspective
• The Chandra Deep Field-North Survey. XIII. 2 Ms Point-Source Catalogs
• The 2dF QSO Redshift Survey - XII. The spectroscopic catalogue and luminosity function
• Luminosity-dependent evolution of soft X-ray selected AGN: New Chandra and XMM-Newton surveys
• The Chandra Deep Field South: the 1 Million Second
• UV Luminosity Functions at z~4, 5, and 6 from the HUDF and other Deep HST ACS Fields: Evolution and Star Formation History
• The Chandra Deep Field South: Optical Spectroscopy I
• Black Holes in Galaxy Mergers: Evolution of Quasars
• On the evolution of star forming galaxies
• The X-ray-to-Optical Properties of Optically-Selected Active Galaxies Over Wide Luminosity and Redshift Ranges
• The Cosmic Evolution of Hard X-ray Selected Active Galactic Nuclei
• The HELLAS2XMM survey. VII. The hard X-ray luminosity function of AGN up to z=4: more absorbed AGN at low luminosities and high redshifts
• A catalogue of the Chandra Deep Field South with multi-colour classification and photometric redshifts from COMBO-17
• X-ray Spectra of a large sample of Quasars with ASCA
• High-Redshift Quasars Found in Sloan Digital Sky Survey Commissioning Data IV: Luminosity Function from the Fall Equatorial Stripe Sampl
• A Survey of z>5.7 Quasars in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey III: Discovery of Five Additional Quasars
• XMM-Newton observation of the Lockman Hole; I. The X-ray Data
• Absolute measurement of the unresolved cosmic X-ray background in the 0.5-8 keV band with Chandra
• The resolved fraction of the Cosmic X-ray Background
• The XMM-Newton wide-field survey in the COSMOS field: I. Survey description
• Optical and Infrared Properties of the 2 Ms Chandra Deep Field-North X-ray Sources
• A Deep, Wide Field, Optical, and Near Infrared Catalog of a Large Area around the Hubble Deep Field North
• The Extended Chandra Deep Field-South Survey. Chandra Point-Source Catalogs
• The Star Formation Rate of the Universe at z~6 from the Hubble Ultra Deep Field
• Active Galactic Nuclei in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey: I. Sample Selection
• The HELLAS2XMM survey: IV. Optical identifications and the evolution of the accretion luminosity in the Universe
• The Nature of the Hard X-ray Background Sources: Optical, Near-infrared, Submillimeter, and Radio Properties
• The evolution of faint AGN between z~1 and z~5 from the COMBO-17 survey
• Rapid Growth of Black Holes in Massive Star-Forming Galaxies
• The 2dF-SDSS LRG and QSO Survey: The z<2.1 Quasar Luminosity Function from 5645 Quasars to g=21.85
• XMM-Newton observation of the Lockman Hole II. Spectral analysis
• Spectroscopic Confirmation of Three Redshift 5.7 Lyman-alpha Emitters from the Large Area Lyman Alpha Survey
• Chandra and Spitzer unveil heavily obscured quasars in the SWIRE/Chandra Survey
• New Results from the X-ray and Optical Survey of the Chandra Deep Field South: The 300ks Exposure
• The obscuration by dust of most of the growth of supermassive black holes
• The anti-hierarchical growth of supermassive black holes
• The Redshift Evolution of the 2-8 keV X-ray Luminosity Function
• The Evolution of Obscuration in AGN
• The ROSAT Deep Survey: VI. X-ray sources and Optical identifications of the Ultra Deep Survey
• XBootes: An X-Ray Survey of the NDWFS Bootes Field - Paper I Overview and Initial Results
• ESO Imaging Survey. Deep Public Survey: Multi-Color Optical Data for the Chandra Deep Field South
• Chandra Multiwavelength Project X-ray Point Source Catalog
• Tracing the cosmological assembly of stars and supermassive black holes in galaxies
• An improved method of constructing binned luminosity functions
• The Fall of the Quasar Population
• Soft X-ray AGN Luminosity Function from ROSAT Surveys II. Table of the binned Soft X-ray Luminosity Function
• On the Relationship between Galaxy Formation and Quasar Evolution
• Chandra Multi-wavelength Project (ChaMP). I. First X-ray Source Catalog
• The cosmological evolution of the QSO luminosity density and of the star formation rate
• Chandra Multiwavelength Project X-ray Point Source Number Counts and the Cosmic X-ray Background
• A deep Chandra observation of the Groth Strip. I. The X-ray data
• Photometric Redshift of X-Ray Sources in the Chandra Deep Field South
• X-ray Lighthouses of the High-Redshift Universe. II. Further Snapshot Observations of the Most Luminous z>4 Quasars with Chandra
• Hard X-ray emitting Active Galactic Nuclei selected by the Chandra Multi-wavelength Project
• The Origin of the Cosmic Soft X-Ray Background: Optical Identification of an Extremely Deep ROSAT Survey
• XMM-Newton observations of the Lockman Hole: X-ray source catalogue and number counts
• The Chandra Multiwavelength Project: Optical Followup of Serendipitous Chandra Sources
• The 1<z<5 Infrared Luminosity Function of Type I Quasars
• Very High Redshift X-ray Selected AGN in the Chandra Deep Field-North
• Reasoning From Fossils: Learning From the Local Black Hole Population About the Evolution of Quasars
• The faint end of the QSO luminosity function at z=3
• A Possible Correlation Between the Luminosities and Lifetimes of Active Galactic Nuclei
• Chandra Multi-wavelength Project (ChaMP). II. First Results of X-ray Source Properties
• The Parkes quarter-Jansky flat-spectrum sample 3. Space density and evolution of QSOs
• Optical Identification of the ASCA Medium Sensitivity Survey in the Northern Sky: Nature of Hard X-ray-selected Luminous Active Galactic Nuclei
• Co-moving space density of X-ray-selected Active Galactic Nuclei
• A Spectroscopic Survey of Faint Quasars in the SDSS Deep Stripe: I. Preliminary Results from the Co-added Catalog
• The Serendipitous Extragalactic X-Ray Source Identification (SEXSI) Program. III. Optical Spectroscopy
• The Serendipitous Extragalactic X-Ray Source Identification (SEXSI) Program: I. Characteristics of the Hard X-Ray Sample
• The Chandra Deep Field South/GOODS survey. Optically faint X-ray sources
• ChaMP Serendipitous Galaxy Cluster Survey
• The Chandra Large Area Synoptic X-ray Survey (CLASXS) of the Lockman Hole-Northwest: The X-ray Catalog
• An Optical Catalog of the Chandra Large Area Synoptic X-ray Survey Sources
• A large population of galaxies 9 to 12 billion years back in the history of the Universe
• An XMM-Newton detection of the z=5.80 X-ray weak quasar SDSSp J104433.04-012502.2
• The Calan-Yale Deep Extragalactic Research (CYDER) Survey: Optical Properties and Deep Spectroscopy of Serendipitous X-ray Sources
• Chandra Multiwavelength Project: Normal Galaxies at Intermediate Redshift
• Discovery of a z=4.93, X-ray selected quasar by the Chandra Multiwavelength Project (ChamP)
• The Serendipitous Extragalactic X-Ray Source Identification (SEXSI) Program: II. Optical Imaging

Cited by in corpus (223)

• Cosmic Star Formation History
• The Dark Energy Survey: more than dark energy - an overview
• Toward the Standard Population Synthesis Model of the X-Ray Background: Evolution of X-Ray Luminosity and Absorption Functions of Active Galactic Nuclei Including Compton-Thick Populations
• What Drives the Growth of Black Holes?
• Self-Consistent Models of the AGN and Black Hole Populations: Duty Cycles, Accretion Rates, and the Mean Radiative Efficiency
• Bright AGN Source List from the First Three Months of the Fermi Large Area Telescope All-Sky Survey
• Black hole variability and the star formation-AGN connection: Do all star-forming galaxies host an AGN?
• The evolution of the hard X-ray luminosity function of AGN
• Cosmic X-ray Surveys of Distant Active Galaxies: The Demographics, Physics, and Ecology of Growing Supermassive Black Holes
• A semi-empirical simulation of the extragalactic radio continuum sky for next generation radio telescopes
• The Chandra COSMOS Legacy survey: optical/IR identifications
• The Bolometric Quasar Luminosity Function at z = 0-7
• A synthesis model for AGN evolution: supermassive black holes growth and feedback modes
• PRIMUS: The dependence of AGN accretion on host stellar mass and color
• Obscuration-dependent evolution of Active Galactic Nuclei
• The Mean Star Formation Rate of X-ray selected Active Galaxies and its Evolution from z=2.5: Results from PEP-Herschel
• The XMM-Newton Wide-Field Survey in the COSMOS field (XMM-COSMOS): demography and multiwavelength properties of obscured and unobscured luminous AGN
• The cosmic evolution of massive black holes in the Horizon-AGN simulation
• Selection bias in dynamically-measured super-massive black hole samples: its consequences and the quest for the most fundamental relation
• The Chandra COSMOS Survey: III. Optical and Infrared Identification of X-ray Point Sources
• The Luminosity Function of Fermi-detected Flat-Spectrum Radio Quasars
• Evolution of the AGN UV luminosity function from redshift 7.5
• Ongoing and co-evolving star formation in zCOSMOS galaxies hosting Active Galactic Nuclei
• The 4 Ms Chandra Deep Field-South Number Counts Apportioned by Source Class: Pervasive Active Galactic Nuclei and the Ascent of Normal Galaxies
• Energy Feedback from X-ray Binaries in the Early Universe
• The clustering of intermediate redshift quasars as measured by the Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey
• Energetic galaxy-wide outflows in high-redshift ultra-luminous infrared galaxies hosting AGN activity
• Sizes and Temperature Profiles of Quasar Accretion Disks from Chromatic Microlensing
• Accretion-Driven Evolution of Black Holes: Eddington Ratios, Duty Cycles, and Active Galaxy Fractions
• The SDSS-III Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey: The Quasar Luminosity Function from Data Release Nine
• Galaxy Interactions Trigger Rapid Black Hole Growth: an unprecedented view from the Hyper Suprime-Cam Survey
• The Evolution of Swift/BAT blazars and the origin of the MeV background
• The case for super-critical accretion onto massive black holes at high redshift
• Color-Magnitude Relations of Active and Non-Active Galaxies in the Chandra Deep Fields: High-Redshift Constraints and Stellar-Mass Selection Effects
• Tracing the cosmic growth of super massive black holes to z ~ 3 with Herschel
• The VLA-COSMOS 3~GHz Large Project: AGN and host-galaxy properties out to z$\lesssim$6
• The Demographics of Broad Line Quasars in the Mass-Luminosity Plane II. Black Hole Mass and Eddington Ratio Functions
• Constraints on Black Hole Growth, Quasar Lifetimes, and Eddington Ratio Distributions from the SDSS Broad Line Quasar Black Hole Mass Function
• High-redshift AGN in the Chandra Deep Fields: the obscured fraction and space density of the sub-$L_{\ast }$ population
• Quasars Are Not Light-Bulbs: Testing Models of Quasar Lifetimes with the Observed Eddington Ratio Distribution
• A massive, distant proto-cluster at z=2.47 caught in a phase of rapid formation?
• A Simple Technique for Predicting High-Redshift Galaxy Evolution
• Clustering of intermediate redshift quasars using the final SDSS III-BOSS sample
• The MOSDEF Survey: Optical AGN Diagnostics at z~2.3
• The Cluster and Field Galaxy AGN Fraction at z = 1 to 1.5: Evidence for a Reversal of the Local Anticorrelation Between Environment and AGN Fraction
• AEGIS-X: Deep Chandra imaging of the Central Groth Strip
• Cosmic evolution of radio selected active galactic nuclei in the COSMOS field
• Concerns regarding the use of black hole shadows as standard rulers
• The Extended Chandra Deep Field-South Survey: Optical spectroscopy of faint X-ray sources with the VLT and Keck
• The VLA-COSMOS 3~GHz Large Project: Cosmic evolution of radio AGN and implications for radio-mode feedback since z~5
• The Ubiquity of Coeval Starbursts in Massive Galaxy Cluster Progenitors
• ALMA and Herschel reveal that X-ray selected AGN and main-sequence galaxies have different star formation rate distributions
• Evolution of the Quasar Luminosity Function Over 3 < z < 5 in the COSMOS Survey Field
• The Demographics of Broad-Line Quasars in the Mass-Luminosity Plane. I. Testing FWHM-Based Virial Black Hole Masses
• The Rise of the First Stars: Supersonic Streaming, Radiative Feedback, and 21-cm Cosmology
• The Evolution of Active Galactic Nuclei in Clusters of Galaxies to Redshift 1.3
• Detailed Shape and Evolutionary Behavior of the X-ray Luminosity Function of Active Galactic Nuclei
• Black-Hole Mass and Growth Rate at z~4.8: A Short Episode of Fast Growth Followed by Short Duty Cycle Activity
• The cosmic growth of the active black hole population at 1<z<2 in zCOSMOS, VVDS and SDSS
• Host galaxy morphologies of X-ray selected AGN: assessing the significance of different black hole fueling mechanisms to the accretion density of the Universe at z~1
• The Environments of Active Galactic Nuclei within the zCOSMOS Density Field
• The Demography of Super-Massive Black Holes: Growing Monsters at the Heart of Galaxies
• Black hole growth and starburst activity at z = 0.6-4 in the Chandra Deep Field South. Host galaxies properties of obscured AGN
• The spatial clustering of X-ray selected AGN in the XMM-COSMOS field
• The X-ray Star Formation Story as Told by Lyman Break Galaxies in the 4 Ms CDF-S
• On the radiative efficiencies, Eddington ratios, and duty cycles of luminous high-redshift quasars
• The HETDEX Pilot Survey III: The Low Metallicities of High-Redshift Lyman Alpha Galaxies
• High redshift quasars in the COSMOS survey: the space density of z>3 X-ray selected QSOs
• The real-space clustering of luminous red galaxies around z<0.6 quasars in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey
• The XMM-Newton Serendipitous Survey. VI. The X-ray Luminosity Function
• Star Formation and AGN Activity in Galaxy Clusters from $z=1-2$: a Multi-wavelength Analysis Featuring $Herschel$/PACS
• Hadronic models of blazars require a change of the accretion paradigm
• AGN host galaxy mass function in COSMOS: is AGN feedback responsible for the mass-quenching of galaxies?
• The Hard X-Ray Luminosity Function of High-Redshift ($3<z\lesssim 5$) Active Galactic Nuclei
• The Rest Frame Ultraviolet Spectra of UV-Selected Active Galactic Nuclei at z ~ 2-3
• The 60-month all-sky BAT Survey of AGN and the Anisotropy of Nearby AGN
• The MOSDEF survey: AGN multi-wavelength identification, selection biases and host galaxy properties
• The Formation of the First Massive Black Holes
• PRIMUS: Infrared and X-ray AGN Selection Techniques at 0.2<z<1.2
• The XMM-Newton Serendipitous Survey V. Optical identification of the XMM-Newton Medium sensitivity Survey (XMS)
• Torque-Limited Growth of Massive Black Holes in Galaxies Across Cosmic Time
• Black-Hole Growth is Mainly Linked to Host-Galaxy Stellar Mass rather than Star Formation Rate
• The Evolution of the M_BH-sigma relation Inferred from the Age Distribution of Local Early-Type Galaxies and AGN Evolution
• The Population of High Redshift AGNs in the Chandra COSMOS survey
• A Full Year's Chandra Exposure on SDSS Quasars from the Chandra Multiwavelength Project
• Bulge Formation via Mergers in Cosmological Simulations
• Global star formation revisited
• Growing black holes and galaxies: black hole accretion versus star formation rate
• Black hole growth in the early Universe is self-regulated and largely hidden from view
• The deepest X-ray view of high-redshift galaxies: constraints on low-rate black-hole accretion
• Trinity I: Self-Consistently Modeling the Dark Matter Halo-Galaxy-Supermassive Black Hole Connection from $z=0-10$
• The [OIII] emission line luminosity function of optically selected type-2 AGN from zCOSMOS
• Galaxy Zoo: Are Bars Responsible for the Feeding of Active Galactic Nuclei at 0.2 < z < 1.0?
• Lifting the Veil on Obscured Accretion: Active Galactic Nuclei Number Counts and Survey Strategies for Imaging Hard X-ray Missions
• Are Most Low-Luminosity AGN Really Obscured?
• Toward precise constraints on growth of massive black holes
• Observational constraints on the spin of the most massive black holes from radio observations
• The OPTX Project II: Hard X-ray Luminosity Functions of Active Galactic Nuclei for z<5
• The distribution of AGN in a large sample of galaxy clusters
• X-ray Spectral Constraints for z~2 Massive Galaxies: The Identification of Reflection-Dominated Active Galactic Nuclei
• A Tale of Two Populations: The Contribution of Merger and Secular Processes to the Evolution of Active Galactic Nuclei
• AGN evolution from a galaxy evolution viewpoint
• New observational Constraints on the Growth of the First Supermassive Black Holes
• Bimodality in Damped Lyman alpha Systems
• Obscured AGN at 1.5 < z < 3.0 from the zCOSMOS-deep Survey I. Properties of the emitting gas in the Narrow Line Region
• AGN contamination of galaxy-cluster thermal X-ray emission: predictions for eRosita from cosmological simulations
• The 5 - 10 keV AGN luminosity function at 0.01<z<4.0
• Heating the IGM by X-rays from Population III Binaries in High Redshift Galaxies
• Black hole mass and Eddington ratio distribution functions of X-ray selected broad-line AGNs at z~1.4 in the Subaru XMM-Newton Deep Field
• PRIMUS: An observationally motivated model to connect the evolution of the AGN and galaxy populations out to z~1
• The Globular Cluster/Central Black Hole Connection in Galaxies
• Enhancement of AGN in a protocluster at z=1.6
• The Chandra Deep Fields: Lifting the Veil on Distant Active Galactic Nuclei and X-Ray Emitting Galaxies
• The Presence of Weak Active Galactic Nuclei in High Redshift Star Forming Galaxies
• Deep Extragalactic VIsible Legacy Survey (DEVILS): Identification of AGN through SED Fitting and the Evolution of the Bolometric AGN Luminosity Function
• On the lamppost model of accreting black holes
• GRB 080517: A local, low luminosity GRB in a dusty galaxy at z=0.09
• NoSOCS in SDSS. VI. The Environmental Dependence of AGN in Clusters and Field in the Local Universe
• What produces the far-infrared/submm emission in the most luminous QSOs?
• No signs of star formation being regulated in the most luminous quasars at z~2 with ALMA
• Spectroscopic observations of PHz G237.01+42.50: A galaxy protocluster at z=2.16 in the Cosmos field
• Balancing the Cosmic Energy Budget: The Cosmic X-ray Background, Blazars and the Compton Thick AGN Fraction
• The Deep SWIRE Field. IV. First properties of the sub-mJy galaxy population: redshift distribution, AGN activity and star formation
• Is there a relationship between AGN and star formation in IR-bright AGNs?
• The XXL Survey: VI. The 1000 brightest X-ray point sources
• Faint-end Quasar Luminosity Functions from Cosmological Hydrodynamic Simulations
• X-ray Constraints on the AGN Properties in Spitzer-IRS identified z~2 Ultraluminous Infrared Galaxies
• Eddington ratio Distribution of X-ray selected broad-line AGNs at 1.0<z<2.2
• A Catalog of AGN Host Galaxies Observed with HST/ACS: Correlations between Star Formation and AGN Activity
• An enhanced fraction of starbursting galaxies among high Eddington ratio AGNs
• The Chandra COSMOS Legacy survey: the z>3 sample
• Galaxy mergers up to z < 2.5 II: AGN incidence of merging galaxies at separations of 3-15 kpc
• Revisit of Local X-ray Luminosity Function of Active Galactic Nuclei with the MAXI Extragalactic Survey
• The Largest X-ray Selected Sample of z>3 AGNs: C-COSMOS & ChaMP
• Supermassive Black-Hole Growth Over Cosmic Time: Active Galaxy Demography, Physics, and Ecology from Chandra Surveys
• Stellar Populations of UV-Selected Active Galactic Nuclei Host Galaxies at z ~ 2 - 3
• Low-luminosity AGN and X-ray binary populations in COSMOS star-forming galaxies
• The OPTX Project IV: How Reliable is [OIII] as a Measure of AGN Activity?
• AGN and QSOs in the eROSITA All-Sky Survey -- Part I: Statistical properties
• AGN Feedback models: Correlations with star formation and observational implications of time evolution
• Metals in the circumgalactic medium are out of ionization equilibrium due to fluctuating active galactic nuclei
• AEGIS: A Multi-wavelength Study of Spitzer Power-law Galaxies
• X-ray properties of BzK-selected galaxies in the deepest X-ray fields
• Hubble Space Telescope Wide Field Camera 3 Observations of Escaping Lyman Continuum Radiation from Galaxies and Weak AGN at Redshifts $z$$\simeq$2.3-4.1
• High redshift AGNs and HI reionisation: limits from the unresolved X-ray background
• High-precision multi-band measurements of the angular clustering of X-ray sources
• A deep INTEGRAL hard X-ray survey of the 3C 273/Coma region
• Highlights and Discoveries from the Chandra X-ray Observatory
• The average 0.5-200 keV spectrum of local active galactic nuclei and a new determination of the 2-10 keV luminosity function at z \approx 0
• The cosmic evolution of massive black holes and galaxy spheroids: global constraints at redshift z<~1.2
• The cosmological consequence of an obscured AGN population on the radiation efficiency
• The Subaru-XMM-Newton Deep Survey (SXDS) VIII.: Multi-wavelength Identification, Optical/NIR Spectroscopic Properties, and Photometric Redshifts of X-ray Sources
• Early Black Holes in Cosmological Simulations: Luminosity Functions and Clustering Behaviour
• A Systematic Analysis of Stellar Populations in the Host Galaxies of Changing-look AGNs
• The First Decade of Science with Chandra and XMM-Newton
• The deep look onto the hard X-ray sky: The Swift - INTEGRAL X-ray (SIX) survey
• The VIMOS Public Extragalactic Redshift Survey (VIPERS). AGN feedback in [NeV] emitters
• Observational evidence for the formation of trapping horizons in astrophysical black holes
• The OPTX Project III: X-ray versus Optical Spectral Type for AGNs
• A Potential Recoiling Supermassive Black Hole CXO J101527.2+625911
• First HETDEX Spectroscopic Determinations of Ly$\alpha$ and UV Luminosity Functions at $z=2-3$: Bridging a Gap Between Faint AGN and Bright Galaxies
• The ChaMP Extended Stellar Survey (ChESS): Photometric and Spectroscopic Properties of Serendipitously Detected Stellar X-ray Sources
• Comoving Space Density and Obscured Fraction of High-Redshift Active Galactic Nuclei in the Subaru/{\it XMM-Newton} Deep Survey
• Evolution of [OIII]5007 emission-line profiles in narrow emission-line galaxies
• Demographics of z ~ 6 Quasars in the Black Hole Mass-Luminosity Plane
• The 2-10 keV unabsorbed luminosity function of AGN from the XMM-Newton LSS, CDFS and COSMOS surveys
• An FMOS Survey of moderate-luminosity broad-line AGN in COSMOS, SXDS and E-CDF-S
• Constraints on the Local Sources of Ultra High-Energy Cosmic Rays
• Probing the Cosmic X-ray and MeV Gamma-ray Background Radiation through the Anisotropy
• A Multiwavelength Study of Binary Quasars and Their Environments
• The Cosmic History of Black Hole Growth from Deep Multiwavelength Surveys
• The co-evolution of black hole growth and star formation from a cross-correlation analysis between quasars and the cosmic infrared background
• Subaru Hyper Suprime-Cam View of Quasar Host Galaxies at z < 1
• Optical and infrared properties of active galactic nuclei in the Lockman Hole
• Quasar Host Environments: The view from Planck
• X-ray selected Infrared Excess AGN in the Chandra Deep Fields: a moderate fraction of Compton-thick sources
• Higher prevalence of X-ray selected AGN in intermediate age galaxies up to z~1
• The X-ray and radio activity of typical and luminous Lya emitters from z~2 to z~6: evidence for a diverse, evolving population
• Cosmological simulations of quasar fueling to sub-parsec scales using Lagrangian hyper-refinement
• The clustering of X-ray AGN at 0.5 < z < 4.5: host galaxies dictate dark matter halo mass
• Evidence for a mass-dependent AGN Eddington ratio distribution via the flat relationship between SFR and AGN luminosity
• Effect of richness on AGN and star formation activities in SDSS galaxy groups
• The XXL Survey XIX. A realistic population of simulated X-ray AGN: Comparison of models with observations
• Semi-analytic modelling of AGNs: auto-correlation function and halo occupation
• Mid-Infrared Selected Quasars I: Virial Black Hole Mass and Eddington Ratios
• Exploring the AGN-Merger Connection in Arp 245 I: Nuclear Star Formation and Gas Outflow in NGC 2992
• Stellar populations in local AGNs: evidence for enhanced star formation in the inner 100pc
• The Evolution of AGN Activity in Brightest Cluster Galaxies
• Surveys of the Cosmic X-ray Background
• The Host Galaxies of Radio AGN: New Views from Combining LoTSS and MaNGA Observations
• Optically faint X-ray sources in the CDFN: Spitzer constraints
• Evolution of luminosity function and obscuration of AGN: connecting X-ray and Infrared
• Insights Into AGN and Host Galaxy Co-evolution From Hard X-ray Emission
• Role of Feedback in AGN-HOST Coevolution: A Study from Partially Obscured Active Galactic Nuclei
• Understanding AGN-host connection in partially obscured active galactic nuclei. Part III: Properties of ROSAT-selected SDSS AGNs
• A Multi-wavelength Survey of AGN in Massive Clusters: AGN Distribution and Host Galaxy Properties
• Black hole virial masses from single-epoch photometry: the miniJPAS test case
• On the Mean Radiative Efficiency of Accreting Massive Black Holes in AGNs And QSOs
• Near-Infrared Spectroscopy of Quasars at z~3 and Estimates of Their Supermassive Black Hole Masses
• The Star Formation Reference Survey. II. Activity demographics and host-galaxy properties for Infrared-selected galaxies
• Evidence for cosmic evolution in the spin of the most massive black holes
• Consistent analysis of the AGN LF in X-ray and MIR in the XMM-LSS field
• The X-ray Zurich Environmental Study (X-ZENS). I. Chandra and XMM-Newton observations of AGNs in galaxies in nearby groups
• A Systematic Analysis of Stellar Populations in the Host Galaxies of SDSS Type I QSOs
• Mid-infrared Spectral Properties of Post-Starburst Quasars
• Integral Field Spectroscopy of the circumnuclear region of the Radio Galaxy Pictor A
• Rapidly spinning massive black holes in active galactic nuclei: evidence from the black hole mass function
• A Peculiar Type~II QSO Identified via Broad-band Detection of Extreme Nebular Line Emission
• The Shape of the Cosmic X-ray Background: Nuclear Starburst Discs and the Redshift Evolution of AGN Obscuration
• Detecting quasars at very high redshift with next generation X-ray telescopes
• XXL-HSC: Host properties of X-ray detected AGNs in XXL clusters
• Spectroscopic characterization of the protocluster of galaxies around 7C 1756+6520 at z ~ 1.4
• A Complete 16 micron-Selected Galaxy Sample at $z\sim 1$: Mid-infrared Spectral Energy Distributions
• Reconstructing AGN X-ray spectral parameter distributions with Bayesian methods II: Population inference
• Active Galactic Nuclei and their demography through cosmic time
• Reconstructing AGN X-ray spectral parameter distributions with Bayesian methods I: Spectral analysis
• Fraction of the X-ray selected AGNs with optical emission lines in galaxy groups
• X-ray luminosity functions of different morphological and X-ray type AGN populations
• A New Method to Determine X-ray Luminosity Functions of AGN and their Evolution with Redshift
• Quasars physical properties study based on the medium-band photometric survey
• Godzilla, a monster lurks in the Sunburst galaxy
• Ultra high-energy cosmic rays from beyond the Greisen-Zatsepin-Kuz'min horizon
• AGN evolution from large and deep X-ray surveys