XXL-HSC: Host properties of X-ray detected AGNs in XXL clusters
arXiv:2504.03422 · doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202452965
Abstract
There is compelling evidence that AGNs are strongly influenced by their environment. Therefore, studying the AGN population of clusters is essential, as both large-scale structures and AGN play key roles in galaxy evolution, though the interactions between these elements are still not well understood. The primary objective of this study is to unravel the different factors that may significantly affect the triggering of AGN activity in cluster galaxies, including galaxy merging and interactions with other galaxies, and ram pressure from the hot intracluster medium. For our purposes, we used 82 X-ray detected AGN found within a radius of 164 X-ray detected and spectroscopically confirmed galaxy clusters of the XXL survey, up to a redshift of 1. This field is covered by deep optical observations of the Hyper Suprime-Cam, which allows for a reliable morphological classification of galaxies. Furthermore, using the X-ray hardness ratio, the optical spectra and the SEDs of the X-ray sources, we have studied the obscuration and other AGN properties and the SFR of the hosts as further indicators of interactions. We found a moderately significant higher fraction of X-ray AGN in galaxy clusters hosted by merging or disturbed galaxies, compared to non-active cluster galaxies or X-ray AGN in the field. This excess is primarily localised in the cluster outskirts. Also, we discovered a higher number of X-ray-hard AGN (hence, possibly obscured) in clusters than in the field particularly in the outskirts. These findings further support the idea that galaxy mergers and interactions may serve as mechanisms for the triggering and obscuration of AGN activity. The relatively high number of disturbed, merging, and possibly obscured AGN hosts in cluster outskirts suggests that galaxy merging and interactions are key drivers in triggering AGN activity in these outer regions of clusters.
References in corpus (68)
- The Astropy Project: Sustaining and Growing a Community-oriented Open-source Project and the Latest Major Release (v5.0) of the Core Package
- A Cosmological Framework for the Co-Evolution of Quasars, Supermassive Black Holes, and Elliptical Galaxies: I. Galaxy Mergers & Quasar Activity
- A Highly Consistent Framework for the Evolution of the Star-Forming "Main Sequence" from z~0-6
- The Herschel view of the dominant mode of galaxy growth from z=4 to the present day
- Galaxy Merger Morphologies and Time-Scales from Simulations of Equal-Mass Gas-Rich Disc Mergers
- Universal bolometric corrections for AGN over 7 luminosity decades
- The Luminosity Function of X-ray Selected Active Galactic Nuclei: Evolution of Supermassive Black Holes at High Redshift
- X-CIGALE: fitting AGN/galaxy SEDs from X-ray to infrared
- Strangulation in Galaxy Groups
- Ram Pressure Stripping in High-Density Environments
- LoCuSS: The slow quenching of star formation in cluster galaxies and the need for pre-processing
- CAIXA: a Catalogue of AGN In the XMM-Newton Archive I. Spectral analysis
- BUDHIES II: A phase-space view of HI gas stripping and star-formation quenching in cluster galaxies
- Fitting AGN/galaxy X-ray-to-radio SEDs with CIGALE and improvement of the code
- Observational Constraints on the Feeding of Supermassive Black Holes
- Ram pressure feeding super-massive black holes
- The Evolution of Active Galactic Nuclei in Clusters of Galaxies to Redshift 1.3
- The XMM Large Scale Structure survey: The X-ray pipeline and survey selection function
- CEERS Key Paper VI: JWST/MIRI Uncovers a Large Population of Obscured AGN at High Redshifts
- The Distribution of AGN in Clusters of Galaxies
- The AGN fraction - velocity dispersion relation in clusters of galaxies
- Cold dust and stellar emissions in dust-rich galaxies observed with ALMA: a challenge for SED-fitting techniques
- Active Galactic Nuclei in Void Regions
- The accretion ratios in Seyfert 2 galaxies with and without hidden broad-line regions
- Enhancement of AGN in a protocluster at z=1.6
- NoSOCS in SDSS. VI. The Environmental Dependence of AGN in Clusters and Field in the Local Universe
- Galaxy interactions are the dominant trigger for local type 2 quasars
- Polar dust obscuration in broad-line active galaxies from the XMM-XXL field
- An obscured AGN population hidden in the VIPERS galaxies: identification through spectral energy distribution decomposition
- The AMIGA sample of isolated galaxies. XI. Optical characterisation of nuclear activity
- X-ray bright active galactic nuclei in massive galaxy clusters III: New insights into the triggering mechanisms of cluster AGN
- Chandra Observations of the Cl1604 Supercluster at z=0.9: Evidence for an Overdensity of Active Galactic Nuclei
- A 3-Dimensional study of the Local Environment of Bright IRAS Galaxies: The AGN/Starburst connection
- Galaxy mergers up to z < 2.5 II: AGN incidence of merging galaxies at separations of 3-15 kpc
- High density of active galactic nuclei in the outskirts of distant galaxy clusters
- Galaxy And Mass Assembly (GAMA): The effect of galaxy group environment on active galactic nuclei
- SDSS-IV MaNGA: How Galaxy Interactions Influence Active Galactic Nuclei
- Lower AGN Abundance in Galaxy Clusters at z < 0.5
- XXL-HSC: The link between AGN activity and star formation in the Early Universe ()
- The relationship between X-ray and optical absorbers in active galactic nuclei
- Visualisation of Multi-mission Astronomical Data with ESASky
- The time delay between star formation quenching and morphological transformation of galaxies in clusters: a phase-space view of EDisCS
- A Multiwavelength Study of Active Galactic Nuclei in Post-Merger Remnants
- On the dichotomy of Seyfert 2 galaxies: intrinsic differences and evolution
- Chandra point-source counts in distant galaxy clusters
- AGN X-ray luminosity function and absorption function in the Early Universe ()
- AGN triggering in the infall regions of distant X-ray luminous galaxy clusters at 0.9 < z <~ 1.6
- Dust and Power: Unravelling the merger - active galactic nucleus connection in the second half of cosmic history
- Fast SMBH growth in the SPT2349--56 protocluster at
- Satellite quenching and morphological transformation of galaxies in groups and clusters
- The XMM Cluster Survey analysis of the SDSS DR8 redMaPPer Catalogue: Implications for scatter, selection bias, and isotropy in cluster scaling relations
- ENISALA: II. Distinct Star Formation and Active Galactic Nucleus Activity in Merging and Relaxed Galaxy Clusters
- Host galaxy and orientation differences between AGN different types
- The survey: XL. Obscuration properties of red AGN in
- A versatile classification tool for galactic activity using optical and infrared colors
- Environmental dependence of AGN activity and star formation in galaxy clusters from Magneticum simulations
- AGNs in Small Galaxy Systems: comparing the main properties of active objects in pairs, triplets and groups
- Do cluster properties affect the quenching rate?
- Distribution of merging and post-merging galaxies in nearby galaxy clusters
- XXL-HSC: An updated catalogue of high-redshift () X-ray AGN in the XMM-XXL northern field. Constraints on the bright end of the soft logN-logS
- Pre-processing of Galaxies in the Early Stages of Cluster Formation in Abell 1882 at =0.139
- Cosmic evolution of the incidence of Active Galactic Nuclei in massive clusters: Simulations versus observations
- The AGN fraction in high-redshift protocluster candidates selected by Planck and Herschel
- The First Integral Field Unit Spectroscopic View of Shocked Cluster Galaxies
- Reconstructing Orbits of Galaxies in Extreme Regions (ROGER) III: galaxy evolution patterns in projected phase space around massive X-ray clusters
- Preprocessing in small groups: Three simulated galaxies interacting prior to cluster infall
- The XXL Survey L. Active galactic nucleus contamination in galaxy clusters: Detection and cosmological impact
- A study of interacting galaxies from the Arp-Madore Catalogue: Triggering of star formation and nuclear activity