The XXL Survey XXIV. The final detection pipeline

Abstract

A well characterised detection pipeline is an important ingredient for X-ray cluster surveys. We present the final development of the XXL Survey pipeline. The pipeline optimally uses X-ray information by combining many overlapping observations of a source when possible, both for its detection and its characterisation. It can robustly detect and characterise several types of X-ray sources: AGNs (point-like), galaxy clusters (extended), galaxy clusters contaminated by a central AGN, and pairs of AGNs close on the sky. We perform a thorough suite of validation tests via realistic simulations of XMM-Newton images and we introduce new selection criteria for various types of sources that will be detected by the survey. We find that the use of overlapping observations allows new clusters to be securely identified that would be missed or less securely identified by using only one observation at the time. We also find that with the new pipeline we can robustly identify clusters with a central AGN that would otherwise have been missed, and we can flag pairs of AGNs close on the sky that might have been mistaken for a cluster.

arXiv comment20 pages, 14 figures

References in corpus (28)

• The European Photon Imaging Camera on XMM-Newton: The MOS Cameras
• The 2-8 keV cosmic X-ray background spectrum as observed with XMM-Newton
• A Catalog of Galaxy Clusters Observed by XMM-Newton
• Towards a realistic population of simulated galaxy groups and clusters
• The resolved fraction of the Cosmic X-ray Background
• The case for AGN feedback in galaxy groups
• The XXL Survey: I. Scientific motivations - XMM-Newton observing plan - Follow-up observations and simulation programme
• Radial temperature profiles for a large sample of galaxy clusters observed with XMM-Newton
• The XMM-Newton EPIC Background: Production of Background Maps and Event Files
• The mass profile of A1413 observed with XMM-Newton: implications for the M-T relation
• The XMM-LSS survey. Survey design and first results
• The XMM-LSS survey: the Class 1 cluster sample over the initial 5 square degrees and its cosmological modelling
• The XXL Survey. II. The bright cluster sample: catalogue and luminosity function
• The XXL Survey XX: The 365 cluster catalogue
• The XMM Large Scale Structure survey: The X-ray pipeline and survey selection function
• The XXL Survey III. Luminosity-temperature relation of the Bright Cluster Sample
• Structure Detection in Low Intensity X-Ray Images
• The cosmological analysis of X-ray cluster surveys: II- Application of the CR-HR method to the XMM archive
• The XMM-LSS catalogue: X-ray sources and associated optical data. Version I
• The XMM-LSS Survey: A well controlled X-ray cluster sample over the D1 CFHTLS area
• Distant galaxy clusters in the XMM Large Scale Structure survey
• Precision cosmology with a wide area XMM cluster survey
• Comparison of source detection procedures for XMM-Newton images
• A New Comprehensive 2-D Model of the Point Spread Functions of the XMM-Newton EPIC Telescopes : Spurious Source Suppression and Improved Positional Accuracy
• The XMM-LSS survey: the Class 1 cluster sample over the extended 11 deg${}^2$ and its spatial distribution
• The XXL Survey: VI. The 1000 brightest X-ray point sources
• The XXL Survey: XXVII. The 3XLSS point source catalogue
• The cosmological analysis of X-ray cluster surveys; III. 4D X-ray observable diagrams

Cited by in corpus (18)

• The XXL Survey XX: The 365 cluster catalogue
• The Abell 3391/95 galaxy cluster system: A 15 Mpc intergalactic medium emission filament, a warm gas bridge, infalling matter clumps, and (re-) accelerated plasma discovered by combining SRG/eROSITA data with ASKAP/EMU and DECam data
• The XXL Survey: XXVII. The 3XLSS point source catalogue
• The X-CLASS survey: A catalogue of 1646 X-ray-selected galaxy clusters up to z$\sim$1.5
• The XXL survey: XLVI. Forward cosmological analysis of the C1 cluster sample
• An X-ray selected catalog of extended galaxy clusters from the ROSAT All-Sky Survey (RXGCC)
• Deep Learning-Based Super-Resolution and De-Noising for XMM-Newton Images
• A New X-ray Selected Sample of Very Extended Galaxy Groups from the ROSAT All-Sky Survey
• Understanding X-ray and optical selection of galaxy clusters: A comparison of the XXL and CAMIRA cluster catalogues obtained in the common XXL-HSC SSP area
• High-redshift galaxy groups as seen by Athena/WFI
• The XXL survey: XLII. Detection and characterization of the galaxy population of distant galaxy clusters in the XXL-N/VIDEO field: A tale of variety
• X-ray properties of X-CLASS-redMaPPer galaxy cluster sample: The luminosity-temperature relation
• The XXL Survey: XXXIII. Chandra Constraints on the AGN Contamination of z > 1 XXL Galaxy Clusters
• The XXL Survey XLV. Linking the ages of optically selected groups to their X-ray emission
• The XXL Survey L. Active galactic nucleus contamination in galaxy clusters: Detection and cosmological impact
• XXL-HSC: Host properties of X-ray detected AGNs in XXL clusters
• Identification and Properties of Isolated Field Elliptical Galaxies from CFHTLS-W1
• HSC-XXL : Baryon budget of the 136 XXL Groups and Clusters