The First Galaxies

Abstract

We review our current understanding of how the first galaxies formed at the end of the cosmic dark ages, a few 100 million years after the Big Bang. Modern large telescopes discovered galaxies at redshifts greater than seven, whereas theoretical studies have just reached the degree of sophistication necessary to make meaningful predictions. A crucial ingredient is the feedback exerted by the first generation of stars, through UV radiation, supernova blast waves, and chemical enrichment. The key goal is to derive the signature of the first galaxies to be observed with upcoming or planned next-generation facilities, such as the James Webb Space Telescope or Atacama Large Millimeter Array. From the observational side, ongoing deep-field searches for very high-redshift galaxies begin to provide us with empirical constraints on the nature of the first galaxies.

75 pages, 14 figures, draft version for 2011 Annual Reviews of Astronomy and Astrophysics

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Cited by in corpus (348)

• Mass Loss: Its Effect on the Evolution and Fate of High-Mass Stars
• Cosmic Reionization and Early Star-Forming Galaxies: A Joint Analysis of New Constraints from Planck and Hubble Space Telescope
• The Assembly of the First Massive Black Holes
• The Faintest Dwarf Galaxies
• Dwarf Galaxies with Optical Signatures of Active Massive Black Holes
• One Hundred First Stars : Protostellar Evolution and the Final Masses
• Near-Field Cosmology with Metal-Poor Stars
• The Abundance of Star-Forming Galaxies in the Redshift Range 8.5 to 12: New Results from the 2012 Hubble Ultra Deep Field Campaign
• The Mid-Infrared Instrument for the James Webb Space Telescope I: Introduction
• CLASH: Three Strongly Lensed Images of a Candidate z ~ 11 Galaxy
• Formation of the First Stars
• What Next-Generation 21 cm Power Spectrum Measurements Can Teach Us About the Epoch of Reionization
• The Evolution of the Intergalactic Medium
• Primordial Star Formation under the Influence of Far Ultraviolet Radiation: 1540 Cosmological Halos and the Stellar Mass Distribution
• Possible Indirect Confirmation of the Existence of Pop III Massive Stars by Gravitational Wave
• The Epoch of Reionization Window: I. Mathematical Formalism
• Introducing the THESAN project: radiation-magnetohydrodynamic simulations of the epoch of reionization
• Blossoms from black hole seeds: properties and early growth regulated by supernova feedback
• Electromagnetic Counterparts to Black Hole Mergers Detected by LIGO
• The brightest galaxies at Cosmic Dawn
• Reionization Era Bright Emission Line Survey: Selection and Characterization of Luminous Interstellar Medium Reservoirs in the z>6.5 Universe
• Spectral models for binary products: Unifying Subdwarfs and Wolf-Rayet stars as a sequence of stripped-envelope stars
• Contrasting Galaxy Formation from Quantum Wave Dark Matter, $\psi$DM, with $\Lambda$CDM, using Planck and Hubble Data
• The First Billion Years project - III: The impact of stellar radiation on the coevolution of Populations II and III
• Gemini GNIRS near-infrared spectroscopy of 50 quasars at z>~5.7
• Overcoming real-world obstacles in 21 cm power spectrum estimation: A method demonstration and results from early Murchison Widefield Array data
• Constraints on the Star Formation Efficiency of Galaxies During the Epoch of Reionization
• Low-mass black holes as the remnants of primordial black hole formation
• Pre-galactic metal enrichment - The chemical signatures of the first stars
• The Birth of a Galaxy. II. The Role of Radiation Pressure
• Extragalactic Background Light from Hierarchical Galaxy Formation: Gamma-ray Attenuation up to the Epoch of Cosmic Reionization and the First Stars
• A Simple Technique for Predicting High-Redshift Galaxy Evolution
• Initial mass function of intermediate mass black hole seeds
• Gravitational probes of dark matter physics
• The Dawn of Chemistry
• Where are the most ancient stars in the Milky Way?
• Scientific Discovery with the James Webb Space Telescope
• Ionizing spectra of stars that lose their envelope through interaction with a binary companion: role of metallicity
• On the number density of "direct collapse" black hole seeds
• Deep into the structure of the first galaxies: SERRA views
• The Universe at z>10: Predictions for JWST from the UniverseMachine DR1
• The Initial mass function of the first stars inferred from extremely metal-poor stars
• Connecting the first galaxies with ultra faint dwarfs in the Local Group: chemical signatures of Population~III stars
• First Light And Reionisation Epoch Simulations (FLARES) I: Environmental Dependence of High-Redshift Galaxy Evolution
• The Dawes Review 8: Measuring the Stellar Initial Mass Function
• Accelerating early massive galaxy formation with primordial black holes
• Subaru High-z Exploration of Low-Luminosity Quasars (SHELLQs). VI. Black Hole Mass Measurements of Six Quasars at 6.1<z<6.7
• The first low-mass stars: critical metallicity or dust-to-gas ratio?
• Frontier Fields: High-Redshift Predictions and Early Results
• Eliminating the optical depth nuisance from the CMB with 21 cm cosmology
• Chemical Signatures of the First Galaxies: Criteria for One-Shot Enrichment
• The s-process in the Galactic halo: the fifth signature of spinstars in the early Universe?
• Formation of massive protostars in atomic cooling haloes
• The First Galaxies: Assembly with Black Hole Feedback
• The search for active black holes in nearby low-mass galaxies using optical and mid-IR data
• The dust budget crisis in high-redshift submillimetre galaxies
• Supermassive Seeds for Supermassive Black Holes
• The physics of Lyman-alpha escape from high-redshift galaxies
• Chemical Abundances in the Ultra-Faint Dwarf Galaxies Grus I and Triangulum II: Neutron-Capture Elements as a Defining Feature of the Faintest Dwarfs
• Confined Population III Enrichment and the Prospects for Prompt Second-Generation Star Formation
• The THESAN project: Lyman-alpha emission and transmission during the Epoch of Reionization
• Formation and survival of Population III stellar systems
• Probing the Small-Scale Matter Power Spectrum with Large-Scale 21-cm Data
• Cross-correlating cosmic IR and X-ray background fluctuations: evidence of significant black hole populations among the CIB sources
• Supermassive black hole formation by the cold accretion shocks in the first galaxies
• Physical properties and H-ionizing-photon production rates of extreme nearby star-forming regions
• Carbon-Enhanced Metal-Poor Stars: Relics from the Dark Ages
• UNCOVER: Illuminating the Early Universe -- JWST/NIRSpec Confirmation of $z>12$ Galaxies
• Mid-Infrared Colors of Dwarf Galaxies: Young Starbursts Mimicking Active Galactic Nuclei
• Star Formation in the First Galaxies I: Collapse Delayed by Lyman-Werner Radiation
• The formation of massive black holes in z~30 dark matter haloes with large baryonic streaming velocities
• The First Planets: the Critical Metallicity for Planet Formation
• A UV flux constraint on the formation of direct collapse black holes
• Recovery from population III supernova explosions and the onset of second generation star formation
• Shining in the Dark: the Spectral Evolution of the First Black Holes
• Faint Population III supernovae as the origin of the most iron-poor stars
• Preserving chemical signatures of primordial star formation in the first low-mass stars
• Probing Pre-galactic Metal Enrichment with High-Redshift Gamma-Ray Bursts
• The predicted luminous satellite populations around SMC and LMC-mass galaxies - A missing satellite problem around the LMC?
• An extended halo around an ancient dwarf galaxy
• Are nuclear star clusters the precursors of massive black holes?
• The Aurora radiation-hydrodynamical simulations of reionization: calibration and first results
• Turbulent dynamo in a conducting fluid and partially ionized gas
• Gravitational wave background from Population III binary black holes consistent with cosmic reionization
• The First Galaxies: Assembly under Radiative Feedback from the First Stars
• Morphologies of Galaxies at $z\gtrsim 9$ Uncovered by JWST/NIRCam Imaging: Cosmic Size Evolution and an Identification of an Extremely Compact Bright Galaxy at $z\sim 12$
• Spectroscopic analysis of metal-poor stars from LAMOST: early results
• Ultrafaint Dwarf Galaxies - the lowest mass relics from before reionization
• The properties of He II 1640 emitters at z ~ 2.5-5 from the VANDELS survey
• r-process Production Sites as inferred from Eu Abundances in Dwarf Galaxies
• The Lyman-alpha signature of the first galaxies
• Two-Dimensional Simulations of Pulsational Pair-Instability Supernovae
• Mitigating Internal Instrument Coupling II: A Method Demonstration with the Hydrogen Epoch of Reionization Array
• Intergalactic medium dispersion measures of fast radio bursts estimated from IllustrisTNG simulation and their cosmological applications
• Model-independent constraints on the hydrogen-ionizing emissivity at z>6
• The THESAN project: ionizing escape fractions of reionization-era galaxies
• Extremely Metal-Poor Representatives Explored by the Subaru Survey (EMPRESS). I. A Successful Machine Learning Selection of Metal-Poor Galaxies and the Discovery of a Galaxy with M*<10^6 M_sun and 0.016 Z_sun
• The critical dark matter halo mass for Population III star formation: dependence on Lyman-Werner radiation, baryon-dark matter streaming velocity, and redshift
• The most metal-poor damped Lyman alpha systems: An insight into dwarf galaxies at high redshift
• A Sample of Massive Black Holes in Dwarf Galaxies Detected via [Fe X] Coronal Line Emission: Active Galactic Nuclei and/or Tidal Disruption Events
• Magnetic Field Amplification in Young Galaxies
• General Relativistic Instability Supernova of a Supermassive Population III Star
• The systematic search for $z\gtrsim 5$ active galactic nuclei in the $Chandra$ Deep Field South
• Modelling ultraviolet-line diagnostics of stars, the ionized and the neutral interstellar medium in star-forming galaxies
• Metal-poor star formation triggered by the feedback effects from Pop III stars
• Looking at cosmic near-infrared background radiation anisotropies
• H_2 Suppression with Shocking Inflows: Testing a Pathway for Supermassive Black Hole Formation
• Spatially adaptive radiation-hydrodynamical simulations of galaxy formation during cosmological reionization
• Chemical evolution library for galaxy formation simulation
• Stellar Yields of Rotating First Stars. I. Yields of Weak Supernovae and Abundances of Carbon-enhanced Hyper Metal Poor Stars
• Gravitational waves from Population III binary black holes formed by dynamical capture
• Metal-Poor Stars Observed with the Magellan Telescope II. Discovery of Four Stars with [Fe/H] < -3.5
• Reionization and Galaxy Formation in Warm Dark Matter Cosmologies
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• Unveiling a population of galaxies harboring low-mass black holes with X-rays
• Constraining cosmology and ionization history with combined 21 cm power spectrum and global signal measurements
• Witnessing the onset of reionisation via Lyman-$\alpha$ emission at redshift 13
• Tracing the first stars and galaxies of the Milky Way
• Public Release of A-SLOTH: Ancient Stars and Local Observables by Tracing Halos
• Probing the existence of very massive first stars
• The Little Engines That Could? Globular Clusters Contribute Significantly to Reionization-era Star Formation
• Exploring HeII$\lambda$1640 emission line properties at $z\sim 2-4$
• No strong dependence of Lyman continuum leakage on physical properties of star-forming galaxies at $3.1\lesssim \mathbf{z}\lesssim 3.5$
• High-resolution spectroscopic studies of ultra metal-poor stars found in LAMOST survey
• OGLE16aaa - a Signature of a Hungry Super Massive Black Hole
• Supermassive Black Holes in the Early Universe
• Gravitational Wave Astronomy With TianQin
• Chemistry of the Most Metal-poor Stars in the Bulge and the z > 10 Universe
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• Astrophotonic Spectrographs
• Large-Scale Structure Formation: from the first non-linear objects to massive galaxy clusters
• Modeling UV Radiation Feedback from Massive Stars: III. Escape of Radiation from Star-forming Giant Molecular Clouds
• The first galaxies: simulating their feedback-regulated assembly
• Lyman-alpha radiation hydrodynamics of galactic winds before cosmic reionization
• Probing Cosmic Reionization and Molecular Gas Growth with TIME
• Simulating the growth of Intermediate Mass Black Holes
• Chemical enrichment of Damped Lyman Alpha systems as a direct constraint on Population III star formation
• A New Statistical Model for Population III Supernova Rates: Discriminating Between $\Lambda$CDM and WDM Cosmologies
• The assembly of dusty galaxies at $z\ge 4$: the build-up of stellar mass and its scaling relations with hints from early JWST data
• Evidence for a direct collapse black hole in the Lyman-alpha source CR7
• Rapid growth of seed black holes during early bulge formation
• Galactic Chemical Evolution of Radioactive Isotopes
• Measuring the Cosmological 21 cm Monopole with an Interferometer
• Formation of the first star clusters and massive star binaries by fragmentation of filamentary primordial gas clouds
• Exploring the nature of the Lyman-$\alpha$ emitter CR7
• Frontier Fields : Combining HST, VLT and Spitzer data to explore the $z$$\sim$8 Universe behind the lensing cluster MACS0416$-$2403
• A lensed protocluster candidate at $z=7.66$ identified in JWST observations of the galaxy cluster SMACS0723-7327
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• How robustly can we constrain the low-mass end of the $z\sim 6-7$ stellar mass function? -- The limits of lensing models and stellar population assumptions in the Hubble Frontier Fields
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• Early results from GLASS-JWST XVI: Discovering a bluer z~4-7 Universe through UV slopes
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• Warm Ionized Gas Revealed in the Magellanic Bridge Tidal Remnant: Constraining the Baryon Content and the Escaping Ionizing Photons around Dwarf Galaxies
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• The impact of reionization on the formation of supermassive black hole seeds
• Detectability of High-Redshift Superluminous Supernovae with Upcoming Optical and Near-Infrared Surveys - II. Beyond z=6
• GALLUMI: A Galaxy Luminosity Function Pipeline for Cosmology and Astrophysics
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• Dynamical Evolution of Primordial Dark Matter Haloes through Mergers
• The Far Infrared Emission of the First Massive Galaxies
• Scaling Relations for Galaxies Prior to Reionization
• The star formation history of Eridanus II: on the role of SNe feedback in the quenching of ultra-faint dwarf galaxies
• Origin of Cosmic Chemical Abundances
• Supermassive black hole ancestors
• The history of the dark and luminous side of Milky Way-like progenitors
• Weak Evolution of the Mass-metallicity Relation at Cosmic Dawn in the FirstLight Simulations
• Gas infall into atomic cooling haloes: on the formation of protogalactic disks and supermassive black holes at z > 10
• Star formation in the first galaxies - III. Formation, evolution, and characteristics of the first stellar cluster
• Simultaneous Constraints on the Star Formation History and Nucleosynthesis of Sculptor dSph
• Dark Matter Halo Environment for Primordial Star Formation
• High-resolution abundance analysis of four red giants in the globular cluster NGC 6558
• Formation of the first stars
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• Hundreds of Low-Mass Active Galaxies in the Galaxy And Mass Assembly (GAMA) Survey
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• Spatially Extended 21 cm Signal from Strongly Clustered UV and X-Ray Sources in the Early Universe
• Radiative cooling implementations in simulations of primordial star formation
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• Can supermassive black hole seeds form in galaxy mergers?
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• Evolution of spherical overdensities in holographic dark energy models
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• Future Constraints on the Reionization History and the Ionizing Sources from Gamma-ray Burst Afterglows
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• Circular polarization of the CMB: Foregrounds and detection prospects
• Reionization in the Warm Dark Matter Model
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• Modeling the Pollution of Pristine Gas in the Early Universe
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• Highly r-process enhanced stars in ultra-faint dwarf galaxies
• The connection between the cusp-to-core transformation and observational universalities of DM halos
• Identifying Direct Collapse Black Hole Seeds through their Small Host Galaxies
• Examining the Decline in the C IV Content of the Universe over 4.3 < z < 6.3 using the E-XQR-30 Sample
• Reconstructing emission from pre-reionization sources with cosmic infrared background fluctuation measurements by the JWST
• Segue 1 - A Compressed Star Formation History Before Reionization
• Atomic and molecular gas from the epoch of reionization down to redshift 2
• Evolution of high-redshift quasar hosts and promotion of massive black hole seed formation
• Radiative feedback and cosmic molecular gas: the role of different radiative sources
• Signature of the first galaxies in JWST deep field observations
• Outflows, Shocks and Coronal Line Emission in a Radio-Selected AGN in a Dwarf Galaxy
• Ultrafaint Dwarfs - Star Formation and Chemical Evolution in the Smallest Galaxies
• On the probability of the extremely lensed $z$=6.2 Earendel source being a Population~III star
• Gamma-ray bursts and Population III stars
• Growth of spherical overdensities in scalar-tensor cosmologies
• Placing High-Redshift Quasars in Perspective: a Catalog of Spectroscopic Properties from the Gemini Near Infrared Spectrograph -- Distant Quasar Survey
• Modelling the cosmological Lyman-Werner background radiation field in the Early Universe
• Toward $abinitio$ extremely metal poor stars
• The implications of dust for high-redshift protogalaxies and the formation of binary disks
• The origin of spin in galaxies: clues from simulations of atomic cooling halos
• Dwarf Spheroidal Satellite Formation in a Reionized Local Group
• Constraints on shear and rotation with massive galaxy clusters
• Tracing star formation with non-thermal radio emission
• Dust in the first galaxies
• PopIII signatures in the spectra of PopII/I GRBs
• Cold accretion in early galaxy formation and its Lyman-alpha signatures
• Black hole formation and growth with non-Gaussian primordial density perturbations
• Precise Measurement of the Reionization Optical Depth from The Global 21-cm Signal Accounting for Cosmic Heating
• Bayesian Model Selection with Future 21cm Observations of The Epoch of Reionisation
• Origin of metals in old Milky Way halo stars based on GALAH and Gaia
• The Dark Ages of the Universe and Hydrogen Reionization
• Spherical collapse model in agegraphic dark energy cosmologies
• The Contribution of Supernovae to Cosmic Reionization
• Distinctive 21 cm structures of the first stars, galaxies, and quasars
• Positive or Negative? The Impact of X-ray Feedback on the Formation of Direct Collapse Black Hole Seeds
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• Global radiation signature from early structure formation
• Raising the observed metallicity floor with a 3D non-LTE analysis of SDSS J102915.14+172927.9
• Probing the High-Redshift Universe with SPICA: Toward the Epoch of Reionization and Beyond
• Ionization degree and magnetic diffusivity in the primordial star-forming clouds
• Cosmic Variance of the 21-cm Global Signal
• Cosmological Impact of Population III Binaries
• Impact of Population III homogeneous stellar evolution on early cosmic reionisation
• A direct black hole mass measurement in a Little Red Dot at the Epoch of Reionization
• Spiral arm instability -- III. Fragmentation of primordial protostellar discs
• Non-ideal magnetohydrodynamic simulations of the first star formation: the effect of ambipolar diffusion
• Microquasars as heating sources of the intergalactic medium during reionisation of the Universe
• The stochastic enrichment of Population II stars
• Lyman-$\alpha$ feedback prevails at Cosmic Dawn: Implications for the first galaxies, stars, and star clusters
• The central engine of the highest redshift blazar
• Bubble mapping with the Square Kilometer Array -- I. Detecting galaxies with Euclid, JWST, WFIRST and ELT within ionized bubbles in the intergalactic medium at z>6
• The imprint of cosmological non-Gaussianities on primordial structure formation
• On the Role of the $\Omega \Gamma$ Limit in the Formation of Population III Massive Stars
• A Metal-Free Galaxy at $z=3.19$? Evidence of Late Population III Star Formation at Cosmic Noon
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• The First Billion Years in Seconds: An Effective Model for the 21-cm Signal with Population III Stars
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• Impact of H${}_2$-driven star formation and stellar feedback from low-enrichment environments on the formation of spiral galaxies
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• Gravitational waves from merging intermediate-mass black holes : II Event rates at ground-based detectors
• Modeling the survival of Population III stars till present day
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• The first molecules in the intergalactic medium and halos of the Dark Ages and Cosmic Dawn
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• The S-PLUS Ultra-Short Survey: first data release
• Hydrogen Molecules in the Dark Ages Halos: Thermal Emission vs. Resonant Scattering
• Constraints on planet formation via gravitational instability across cosmic time
• Maximal X-ray feedback in the pre-reionization universe
• Probing the epoch of pre-reionization by cross-correlating cosmic microwave and infrared background anisotropies
• Gravitational Waves from Direct Collapse Black Holes Formation
• On the effects of rotation in primordial star-forming clouds
• Dark Cosmology: Investigating Dark Matter & Exotic Physics in the Dark Ages using the Redshifted 21-cm Global Spectrum
• Does the chemothermal instability have any role in the fragmentation of primordial gas
• Black holes at cosmic dawn in the redshifted 21cm signal of HI
• Upper Limit on the Dissipation of Gravitational Waves in Gravitationally Bound Systems
• Multicolor light curves simulations of Population III core-collapse supernovae: from shock breakout to ${}^{56}$Co decay
• Gemini Near Infrared Spectrograph - Distant Quasar Survey: Prescriptions for Calibrating UV-Based Estimates of Supermassive Black Hole Masses in High-Redshift Quasars
• Halos in Dark Ages: formation and chemistry
• Contribution of the first galaxies to the cosmic far-infrared/sub-millimeter background - I. Mean background level
• Structure formation in clustering DBI dark energy model with constant sound speed
• A NuSTAR and XMM-Newton Study of the Two Most Actively Star-forming Green Pea Galaxies (SDSS J0749+3337 and SDSS J0822+2241)
• Probing the Nature of the First Galaxies with JWST and ALMA
• From Gas to Stars Over Cosmic Time
• The Chemical Evolution of Very Metal-Poor Damped Lyman-$\alpha$ Systems
• On improving analytical models of cosmic reionization for matching numerical simulation
• Interacting LAEs at z = 5.1. Episodic star formation in a group of LAEs at z= 5.07
• Resistive Heating Induced by Streaming Cosmic Rays Around a Galaxy in the Early Universe
• Laboratory Photoionization Fronts in Nitrogen Gas: A Numerical Feasibility and Parameter Study
• Formation of the First Galaxies: Theory and Simulations
• The growth of DM and DE perturbations in DBI non-canonical scalar field scenario
• CEMPlifying reionization
• Growth problems of stellar black holes in early galaxies
• Atomic Modeling of Photoionization Fronts in Nitrogen Gas
• Suppression of H2-cooling in protogalaxies aided by trapped Lyα cooling radiation
• A survey of extremely metal-poor gas at cosmic noon: evidence of elevated [O/Fe]
• Can supermassive stars form in protogalaxies due to internal Lyman-Werner feedback?
• Angular momentum loss of primordial gas in Lyman-alpha radiation field
• Signal in the Hyperfine Structure Line of the Ground State of Atomic Hydrogen from the Dark Ages as a Cosmological Test
• Redshifted 21-cm emission signal from the halos in Dark Ages
• Fuzzy Cluster Analysis: Application to Determining Metallicities for Very Metal-poor Stars
• A Global Census of Metals in the Universe
• Halo Mergers Enhance the Growth of Massive Black Hole Seeds
• Global signal in the redshifted hydrogen 21-cm line from the Dark Ages and Cosmic Dawn: Dependence on the nature of dark matter and modeling of first light
• Semi analytical description of formation of galaxies and clusters of galaxies
• Hydrodynamical chemistry simulations of the SZ effect and the impacts from primordial non-Gaussianities
• Upper Limit on Star Formation and Metal Enrichment in Minihalos
• Lessons on early structure formation from a mature galaxy cluster observed at cosmic noon
• A tentative $\sim$1000 km s${}^{-1}$ offset between the [CII] 158 $\mu$m and Ly$\alpha$ line emission in a star-forming galaxy at $z=7.2$
• Simulating the collapse of rotating primordial gas clouds to study the survival possibility of Pop III protostars
• Impact of primordial black holes on the formation of the first stars and galaxies
• Central Engine and Spectral Energy Distribution Properties of High Redshift Gamma Ray Blazars
• On the Possibility of Detecting a Global Signal in the Line of the Hyperfine Structure of Hydrogen from the Dark Ages
• Relatively Fast and Reasonably Furious: Evidence for Increased Burstiness in Smaller Halos at Cosmic Dawn
• The oldest Milky Way stars: New constraints on the age of the Universe and the Hubble constant
• MUSE observations of the blue compact dwarf galaxy Haro 14. Data analysis and first results on morphology and stellar populations
• Supernovae at the cosmic dawn
• Inferring the Distances of Fast Radio Bursts Through Associated 21-cm Absorption
• First Light: A Brief Review
• Gravitational wave backgrounds from coalescing black hole binaries at cosmic dawn: an upper bound
• Redshift Horizon for Detecting the First Galaxies in Far-Infared Surveys
• Slow Cooling in Low Metallicity Clouds: An Origin of Globular Cluster Bimodality?
• The THESAN project: environmental drivers of Local Group reionization
• Self-sustaining star formation fronts in filaments during cosmic dawn
• Star Formation for Predictive Primordial Galaxy Formation
• Detectability of Population III stellar remnants as X-ray binaries from tidal captures in the local Universe
• Population III Star Formation in an X-ray background: I. Critical Halo Mass of Formation and Total Mass in Stars
• Exploration of the high-redshift universe enabled by THESEUS
• The Synchrony of Production & Escape: Half the Bright Ly$\alpha$ Emitters at $z\approx 2$ have Lyman Continuum Escape Fractions $\approx 50\%$
• Impact of the cosmological expansion on spectral energy density of radiation in the intergalactic medium and once more about Olbers' paradox
• Cosmic Radioactivity and Galactic Chemical Evolution
• The galaxy starburst/main-sequence bimodality over five decades in stellar mass at z ~ 3-6.5
• Sensitivity of the redshifted 21 cm signal from the Dark Ages to parameters of primordial magnetic fields
• Carbon measurements in two ultra-faint dwarf galaxies: Grus II and Tucana IV
• Structure formation in a non-canonical scalar field model of clustering dark energy
• Islands of Electromagnetic Tranquility in Our Galactic core and Little Red Dots that Shelter Molecules and Prebiotic Chemistry
• Discovering Supernovae at Epoch of Reionization with Nancy Grace Roman Space Telescope