The First Cosmic Structures and their Effects

Abstract

Despite much recent theoretical and observational progress in our knowledge of the early universe, many fundamental questions remain only partially answered. Here, we review the latest achievements and persisting problems in the understanding of first cosmic structure formation.

130 pages, 40 figures. Updated version of the review appeared in 2005, Space Science Reviews, 116, 625. In this submission, several figures were compressed, resulting in a reduction in quality. A postscript file with the full figures is available at http://www.mpa-garching.mpg.de/~ciardi/download.html

References in corpus (1)

• Nonlinear clustering during the cosmic Dark Ages and its effect on the 21-cm background from minihalos

Cited by in corpus (256)

• LOFAR: The LOw-Frequency ARray
• Cosmology at Low Frequencies: The 21 cm Transition and the High-Redshift Universe
• Constraining the Evolution of the Ionizing Background and the Epoch of Reionization with z ~ 6 Quasars II: A Sample of 19 Quasars
• Observational constraints on Cosmic Reionization
• A primer on hierarchical galaxy formation: the semi-analytical approach
• The First Galaxies
• Formation of Primordial Stars in a LCDM Universe
• The halo mass function from the dark ages through the present day
• The formation of the first stars and galaxies
• Formation of the First Stars
• Reionization and the Cosmic Dawn with the Square Kilometre Array
• Improved upper limits on the 21-cm signal power spectrum of neutral hydrogen at $\mathbf{z}\approx 9.1$ from LOFAR
• Formation of the first nuclear clusters and massive black holes at high redshift
• The first stars: formation of binaries and small multiple systems
• The Global 21 Centimeter Background from High Redshifts
• Population III stars: hidden or disappeared ?
• The First Galaxies: Assembly, Cooling and the Onset of Turbulence
• The First Galaxies: Chemical Enrichment, Mixing, and Star Formation
• The First Stars: Mass Growth Under Protostellar Feedback
• Cosmological Radiative Transfer Codes Comparison Project I: The Static Density Field Tests
• First Results from HERA Phase I: Upper Limits on the Epoch of Reionization 21 cm Power Spectrum
• The transition from population III to population II-I star formation
• The First Billion Years project - III: The impact of stellar radiation on the coevolution of Populations II and III
• The aftermath of the first stars: massive black holes
• Improved Constraints on the 21 cm EoR Power Spectrum and the X-Ray Heating of the IGM with HERA Phase I Observations
• Pre-galactic metal enrichment - The chemical signatures of the first stars
• Two populations of metal-free stars in the early Universe
• The cooling of shock-compressed primordial gas
• Suppression of H_2 Cooling in the Ultraviolet Background
• Formation of supermassive black hole seeds
• Feedback-regulated Super Massive Black Hole Seed Formation
• Metal and molecule cooling in simulations of structure formation
• Metal and molecule cooling in simulations of structure formation
• The First Population II Stars Formed in Externally Enriched Mini-halos
• Deep into the structure of the first galaxies: SERRA views
• Ultra faint dwarfs: probing early cosmic star formation
• Science with a lunar low-frequency array: from the dark ages of the Universe to nearby exoplanets
• Effect of Streaming Motion of Baryons Relative to Dark Matter on the Formation of the First Stars
• Simulating cosmic metal enrichment by the first galaxies
• Constraints on Dark Matter annihilations from reionization and heating of the intergalactic gas
• Rotation Speed of the First Stars
• The first generation of stars in LCDM cosmology
• Evolution of Very Massive Population III Stars with Mass Accretion from Pre-Main Sequence to Collapse
• Chemical Signatures of the First Galaxies: Criteria for One-Shot Enrichment
• The interplay between chemical and mechanical feedback from the first generation of stars
• The First Galaxies: Assembly with Black Hole Feedback
• First results on the Epoch of Reionization from First Light with SARAS 2
• Experimental Constraints on Self-consistent Reionization Models
• The Epoch of Reionization
• The Dark Universe
• High-redshift formation and evolution of central massive objects II: The census of BH seeds
• The Formation of the First Stars in the Universe
• The Impact of Modeling Assumptions in Galactic Chemical Evolution Models
• The Biermann Battery in Cosmological MHD Simulations of Population III Star Formation
• Constraining the intergalactic medium at $z\approx$ 9.1 using LOFAR Epoch of Reionization observations
• Large scale opacity fluctuations in the Lyman alpha forest: evidence for QSOs dominating the ionising UV background at z ~ 5.5-6 ?
• Occurrence of Metal-free Galaxies in the Early Universe
• The impact of primordial supersonic flows on early structure formation, reionization and the lowest-mass dwarf galaxies
• Can Gamma-Ray Burst Jets Break Out the First Stars?
• Escape Fraction of Ionizing Radiation from Starburst Galaxies at High Redshifts
• Constraints on the IMF of the first stars
• Decoding the stellar fossils of the dusty Milky Way progenitors
• Life and times of dwarf spheroidal galaxies
• The First Galaxies: Signatures of the Initial Starburst
• Cutoff in the Lyman-$\alpha$ forest power spectrum: warm IGM or warm dark matter?
• The History and Morphology of Helium Reionization
• Is H3+ cooling ever important in primordial gas?
• Population III GRB Afterglows: Constraints on Stellar Masses and External Medium Densities
• Star Formation in the First Galaxies I: Collapse Delayed by Lyman-Werner Radiation
• The effect of minihaloes on cosmic reionization
• The First Galaxies: Assembly of Disks and Prospects for Direct Detection
• Fluctuations in 21cm Emission After Reionization
• Recovery from population III supernova explosions and the onset of second generation star formation
• Constraining the reionization history with QSO absorption spectra
• Gamma-Ray Burst Science in the Era of the Cherenkov Telescope Array
• The Formation Times and Building Blocks of Milky Way-mass Galaxies in the FIRE Simulations
• Probing Pre-galactic Metal Enrichment with High-Redshift Gamma-Ray Bursts
• The minimum stellar metallicity observable in the Galaxy
• Resistive Magnetic Field Generation at Cosmic Dawn
• Formation of Population III Stars in Fossil HII Regions: Significance of HD
• X-ray absorption evolution in Gamma-Ray Bursts: intergalactic medium or evolutionary signature of their host galaxies?
• Dark matter annihilation effects on the first stars
• The cooling function of HD molecule revisited
• Looking at cosmic near-infrared background radiation anisotropies
• Spatially adaptive radiation-hydrodynamical simulations of galaxy formation during cosmological reionization
• Filamentary Infall of Cold Gas and Escape of Lyman Alpha and Hydrogen Ionizing Radiation from an Interacting High-Redshift Galaxy
• Simulating the assembly of galaxies at redshifts z = 6 - 12
• Reionization and Galaxy Formation in Warm Dark Matter Cosmologies
• The First Generation of Star-Forming Haloes
• The influence of magnetic fields on the thermodynamics of primordial star formation
• The First Stars
• Impact of the cosmic background radiation on the initial mass function of metal-poor stars
• Signatures of reionization on Lyman alpha emitters
• The Epoch of IGM heating by early sources of X-rays
• The Metallicity Dependence of the Minimum Mass for Core-Collapse Supernovae
• Gravitational Waves from the First Stars
• Probing the existence of very massive first stars
• The observational signature of the first H II regions
• Dark matter annihilation and its effect on CMB and Hydrogen 21 cm observations
• Gravitational instability in protostellar disks at low metallicities
• Multi-frequency, thermally coupled radiative transfer with TRAPHIC: Method and tests
• On the Evolution of the Cosmic Ionizing Background
• Comparing Foreground Removal Techniques for Recovery of the LOFAR-EoR 21cm Power Spectrum
• Early structure formation in quintessence models and its implications for cosmic reionisation from first stars
• On the formation of very metal-poor stars: The case of SDSS J1029151+172927
• A New Method to Directly Measure the Jeans Scale of the Intergalactic Medium Using Close Quasar Pairs
• The role of HD cooling in primordial star formation
• The first galaxies: simulating their feedback-regulated assembly
• The Premature Formation of High Redshift Galaxies
• Impact of Cosmic Rays on Population III Star Formation
• Heating of the Intergalactic Medium by Primordial Miniquasars
• The Cosmic Timeline Implied by the JWST High-redshift Galaxies
• Large scale simulations of H and He reionization and heating driven by stars and more energetic sources
• Physical properties of the first quasars
• On the faint-end of the high-$z$ galaxy luminosity function
• The visibility of Lyman Alpha Emitters: constraining reionization, ionizing photons and dust
• Formation of HD molecules in merging dark matter haloes
• The Impact of Lyman alpha Trapping on the Formation of Primordial Objects
• The effect of early dark matter halos on reionization
• Lyman-Werner UV Escape Fractions from Primordial Halos
• The onset of star formation in primordial haloes
• Constraining the Quasar Contribution to the Reionisation of Cosmic Hydrogen
• The galaxies that reionized the Universe
• Metals and ionizing photons from dwarf galaxies
• The 21 Centimeter Forest
• Origin of Cosmic Chemical Abundances
• The most metal-poor damped Ly alpha system at z<3: constraints on early nucleosynthesis
• Nonlinear Bias of Cosmological Halo Formation in the Early Universe
• The history of the dark and luminous side of Milky Way-like progenitors
• Do Cosmic Rays Heat the Early Intergalactic Medium?
• Quiescent low-mass galaxies observed by JWST in the Epoch of Reionization
• Radio astronomy with the Lunar Lander: opening up the last unexplored frequency regime
• Fluctuations in the Ionizing Background During and After Helium Reionization
• The 21 cm Forest as a Probe of the Reionization and the Temperature of the Intergalactic Medium
• Dark Matter Halo Environment for Primordial Star Formation
• Mapping metals at high redshift with far-infrared lines
• The Radio to Infrared Emission of Very High Redshift Gamma-Ray Bursts: Probing Early Star Formation through Molecular and Atomic Absorption Lines
• Direct collapse to supermassive black hole seeds: the critical conditions for suppression of ${\mathrm{H}}_2$ cooling
• Lyalpha versus X-ray heating in the high-z IGM
• A strong He II $\lambda$1640 emitter with extremely blue UV spectral slope at $z=8.16$: presence of Pop III stars?
• Prospects for detecting the 21cm forest from the diffuse intergalactic medium with LOFAR
• First stars and the extragalactic background light: How recent gamma-ray observations constrain the early universe
• A Short Introduction to Reionization Physics
• Cosmic rays and the primordial gas
• The earliest galaxies seen in 21 cm line absorption
• Reionization Bias in High Redshift Quasar Near-Zones
• Suppression of accretion onto low-mass Population III stars
• Perspectives on Gamma-Ray Burst Physics and Cosmology with Next Generation Facilities
• Physical Mechanism for the Intermediate Characteristic Stellar Mass in the Extremely Metal-poor Environments
• The Mutual Interaction Between Population III Stars and Self-Annihilating Dark Matter
• Evolution of spherical overdensities in holographic dark energy models
• Potential of EBL and cosmology studies with the Cherenkov Telescope Array
• Counts of high-redshift GRBs as probe of primordial non-Gaussianities
• Transport on Adaptive Random Lattices
• Possible Population III Remnants at Redshift 3.5
• Effects of ghost dark energy perturbations on the evolution of spherical overdensities
• Deeper multi-redshift upper limits on the Epoch of Reionization 21-cm signal power spectrum from LOFAR between z=8.3 and z=10.1
• Chemistry of heavy elements in the Dark Ages
• Modelling recombinations during cosmological reionization
• Primordial star formation: relative impact of H2 three-body rates and initial conditions
• Supermassive Black Holes in the Early Universe
• 21-cm observations and warm dark matter models
• The Lives of High Redshift Mergers
• Radiative feedback and cosmic molecular gas: the role of different radiative sources
• Population III Star Clusters in the Reionized Universe
• Inferring the properties of the sources of reionization using the morphological spectra of the ionized regions
• Clustering and lifetime of Lyman Alpha Emitters in the Epoch of Reionization
• Gamma-ray bursts and Population III stars
• Signature of the first galaxies in JWST deep field observations
• Growth of spherical overdensities in scalar-tensor cosmologies
• Lyalpha heating and its impact on early structure formation
• Magnetohydrodynamic effect on first star formation: prestellar core collapse and protostar formation
• Radiative feedback and cosmic molecular gas: numerical method
• The role of the H${}_2$ adiabatic index in the formation of the first stars
• Impact of an accurate modeling of primordial chemistry in high resolution studies
• Chemical enrichment of stars due to accretion from ISM during the Galaxy's assembly
• The 21-cm forest as a simultaneous probe of dark matter and cosmic heating history
• Constraints on shear and rotation with massive galaxy clusters
• Measuring HERA's primary beam in-situ: methodology and first results
• Dark-matter halo mergers as a fertile environment for low-mass Population III star formation
• PopIII signatures in the spectra of PopII/I GRBs
• Statistical analysis of the causes of excess variance in the 21 cm signal power spectra obtained with the Low-Frequency Array
• Ionizing photon production and escape fractions during cosmic reionization in the TNG50 simulation
• The cusp-core problem in gas-poor dwarf spheroidal galaxies
• Formation of Compact Stellar Clusters by High-Redshift Galaxy Outflows I: Nonequillibrium Coolant Formation
• UV regulated star formation in high-redshift galaxies
• Detectable Signatures of Cosmic Radiative Feedback
• The role of Pop III stars and early black holes in the 21cm signal from Cosmic Dawn
• First supernovae in dwarf protogalaxies
• Spherical collapse model in agegraphic dark energy cosmologies
• The Contribution of Supernovae to Cosmic Reionization
• Pushing down the low-mass halo concentration frontier with the Lomonosov cosmological simulations
• Ionization degree and magnetic diffusivity in the primordial star-forming clouds
• Probing the High-Redshift Universe with SPICA: Toward the Epoch of Reionization and Beyond
• Conditions for HD Cooling in the First Galaxies Revisited: Interplay between Far-Ultraviolet and Cosmic Ray Feedback in Population III Star Formation
• Cosmological Impact of Population III Binaries
• Microquasars as heating sources of the intergalactic medium during reionisation of the Universe
• A case study of hurdle and generalized additive models in astronomy: the escape of ionizing radiation
• Non-ideal magnetohydrodynamic simulations of the first star formation: the effect of ambipolar diffusion
• On the operation of the chemothermal instability in primordial star-forming clouds
• The contribution of the IGM and minihalos to the 21 cm signal of reionization
• The imprint of cosmological non-Gaussianities on primordial structure formation
• Late-end reionization with ATON-HE: towards constraints from Lyman-$\alpha$ emitters observed with JWST
• First stars as a possible origin for the helium-rich population in omega Centauri
• Cosmic Chemical Evolution with an Early Population of Intermediate Mass Stars
• Impact of instrument and data characteristics in the interferometric reconstruction of the 21 cm power spectrum
• Detectability of the 21 cm-CMB cross-correlation from the EoR
• Effect of Population III Multiplicity on Dark Star Formation
• Metal Enrichment in the Reionization Epoch
• The effect of recombination radiation on the temperature and ionization state of partially ionized gas
• Lyman-alpha radiation pressure: an analytical exploration
• Impact of H${}_2$-driven star formation and stellar feedback from low-enrichment environments on the formation of spiral galaxies
• Clumping factors of HII, HeII and HeIII
• Evolution of the First Supernovae in Protogalaxies: Dynamics of Mixing of Heavy Elements
• The first spectral line surveys searching for signals from the Dark Ages
• Probing the high-z IGM with the hyperfine transition of ${}^3$He${}^{+}$
• Probing Dark Sectors with Neutron Stars
• The size of the Universe according to the Poincare dodecahedral space hypothesis
• The role of 3-body H${}_2$ formation in the fragmentation of primordial gas
• Radio views of cosmic reionization
• Gamma-ray bursts from massive Population III stars: clues from the radio band
• The impact of faint AGN discovered by JWST on reionization
• The circumgalactic medium in Lyman-alpha: a new constraint on galactic outflow models
• Observing the redshifted 21 cm signal around a bright QSO at $z\sim 10$
• Star Formation in Relic HII Regions of the First Stars: Binarity and Outflow Driving
• On the effects of rotation in primordial star-forming clouds
• Probing intergalactic radiation fields during cosmic reionization through gamma-ray absorption
• The formation of the first galaxies and the transition to low-mass star formation
• Structure formation in clustering DBI dark energy model with constant sound speed
• Can EDGES observation favour any dark matter model?
• Direction-dependent effects on global 21-cm detection
• Formation of the First Galaxies: Theory and Simulations
• The growth of DM and DE perturbations in DBI non-canonical scalar field scenario
• Cosmic reionization in a dynamic quintessence cosmology
• Understanding Galaxy Formation and Evolution
• Enabling Radiative Transfer on AMR grids in CRASH
• Growth problems of stellar black holes in early galaxies
• Observational Manifestations of the First Protogalaxies in the 21 cm Line
• Simulating the collapse of rotating primordial gas clouds to study the survival possibility of Pop III protostars
• Hydrodynamical chemistry simulations of the SZ effect and the impacts from primordial non-Gaussianities
• Upper Limit on Star Formation and Metal Enrichment in Minihalos
• Probing the physics and history of cosmic reionization with the Sunyaev-Zel'dovich Effect
• Angular momentum distribution during the collapse of primordial star-forming clouds
• Supernovae at the cosmic dawn
• Reionizing islands with inhomogeneous recombinations
• Instabilities in the Ionization Zones Around the First Stars
• Low-temperature primordial gas in merging halos
• Detectability of Population III stellar remnants as X-ray binaries from tidal captures in the local Universe
• Analytical modeling of the one-dimensional power spectrum of 21-cm forest based on a halo model method
• Observing the influence of growing black holes on the pre-reionization IGM
• The kinematical structure of gravitationally lensed arcs
• The First Stars
• An SBC-based controller and processor for the laboratory model of PRATUSH Digital Receiver
• Can UVB variations reconcile simulated quasar absorption lines at high redshift?
• Measurements of quasar proximity zones with the Ly$\alpha$ forest of DESI Y1 quasars
• Studying The Effect of Radiation Pressure on Evolution of a Population III Stellar Cluster