Forming the First Stars in the Universe: The Fragmentation of Primordial Gas

Abstract

In order to constrain the initial mass function (IMF) of the first generation of stars (Population III), we investigate the fragmentation properties of metal-free gas in the context of a hierarchical model of structure formation. We investigate the evolution of an isolated 3-sigma peak of mass 2x10^6 M_solar which collapses at z_coll=30 using Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics. We find that the gas dissipatively settles into a rotationally supported disk which has a very filamentary morphology. The gas in these filaments is Jeans unstable with M_J~10^3 M_solar. Fragmentation leads to the formation of high density (n>10^8 cm^-3) clumps which subsequently grow in mass by accreting surrounding gas and by merging with other clumps up to masses of ~10^4 M_solar. This suggests that the very first stars were rather massive. We explore the complex dynamics of the merging and tidal disruption of these clumps by following their evolution over a few dynamical times.

7 pages, 3 figures, uses emulateapj.sty. Accepted for publication in the Astrophysical Journal Letters

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• Metal Enrichment of the Intergalactic Medium and Production of Massive Black Holes
• Triggered Population III star formation: the effect of H${}_2$ self-shielding
• Cloudy with a chance of starshine: Possible photometric signatures of nebular-dominated emission in $1.5<z<8.5$ JADES galaxies
• Angular momentum distribution during the collapse of primordial star-forming clouds
• The mass-function of primordial star clusters
• Searching for Low-mass Population III Stars Disguised as White Dwarfs
• Understanding the IMF
• Jet-driven active galactic nucleus feedback in galaxy formation before black hole formation
• Space-based Gravitational Wave Observatories
• Luminosity Bias (II): The Cosmic Web of the First Stars
• The First Stars
• Extended Hernquist-Springel formalism for cosmic star formation
• The early evolution of massive black holes
• Gravitational wave background from neutron star phase transition for a new class of equation of state
• The role of gas fragmentation during the formation of supermassive black holes
• Quantifying Element Importance for Mass Recovery from Population III Supernova Yield Fits
• The Impact of a Supernova Explosion in a Very Massive Binary