Protostar Formation in the Early Universe

Abstract

The nature of the first generation of stars in the Universe remains largely unknown. Observations imply the existence of massive primordial stars early in the history of the universe, and the standard theory for the growth of cosmic structure predicts that structures grow hierarchically through gravitational instability. We have developed an ab initio computer simulation of the formation of primordial stars that follows the relevant atomic and molecular processes in a primordial gas in an expanding universe. The results show that primeval density fluctuations left over from the Big Bang can drive the formation of a tiny protostar with a mass of just one percent that of the Sun. The protostar is a seed for the subsequent formation of a massive primordial star.

Science, August 1st issue. Matched to the published version. The SOM is found at http://www.a.phys.nagoya-u.ac.jp/~nyoshida/protostar.html

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• The Role of Dust in the Early Universe I : Protogalaxy Evolution
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• Impact of dust cooling on direct collapse black hole formation
• Supermassive Population III Supernovae and the Birth of the First Quasars
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• WIMP DM and first stars: suppression of fragmentation in primordial star formation
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• Formation History of Metal-Poor Halo Stars with Hierarchical Model and the Effect of ISM accretion on the Most Metal-Poor Stars
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• Magnetic fields in primordial accretion disks
• Radiative cooling implementations in simulations of primordial star formation
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• Super-critical accretion of medium-weight seed black holes in gaseous proto-galactic nuclei
• The impact of thermodynamics on gravitational collapse: filament formation and magnetic field amplification
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• Formation of massive stars under protostellar radiation feedback: Very metal-poor stars
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• Pop. III stars from turbulent fragmentation at redshift ~ 11
• The Mutual Interaction Between Population III Stars and Self-Annihilating Dark Matter
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• Super-Eddington growth of black holes in the early Universe: effects of disk radiation spectra
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• Early Black Hole Formation by Accretion of Gas and Dark Matter
• Modelling Population III stars for semi-numerical simulations
• Exploring the cosmic dawn and epoch of reionization with 21cm line
• Non-ideal magnetohydrodynamic simulations of the first star formation: the effect of ambipolar diffusion
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• Combining high-z galaxy luminosity functions with Bayesian evidence
• On the operation of the chemothermal instability in primordial star-forming clouds
• The nonlinear evolution of baryonic overdensities in the early universe: Initial conditions of numerical simulations
• Dark Stars: A New Study of the FIrst Stars in the Universe
• Evolution of Primordial Stars Powered by Dark Matter Annihilation up to the Main-Sequence Stage
• Implications of primordial black holes on the first stars and the origin of the super--massive black holes
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• Generation of Magnetic Field on the Accretion Disk around a Proto-First-Star
• ${\mathrm{H}}_2$ cooling and gravitational collapse of supersonically induced gas objects
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• The effect of dark matter resolution on the collapse of baryons in high redshift numerical simulations
• Accretion onto Intermediate-mass Seed Black Holes in Primordial Galaxies
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• Effect of interstellar objects on metallicity of low-mass first stars formed in a cosmological model
• Modeling the survival of Population III stars till present day
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• The role of 3-body H${}_2$ formation in the fragmentation of primordial gas
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• Shape and Spin of Minihaloes. II: The Effect of Streaming Velocities
• Formation and Radiative Feedback of First Objects and First Galaxies
• Amplification and saturation of turbulent magnetic field in collapsing primordial gas clouds
• Extremely Metal-Poor Stars and a Hierarchical Chemical Evolution Model
• The Supersonic Project: The Early Evolutionary Path of SIGOs
• Driving Conditions of Protostellar Outflows in Different Star-Forming Environments
• Fragmentation of Primordial Filamentary Clouds under Far-Ultraviolet Radiation
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• Detectability of Supermassive Dark Stars with the Roman Space Telescope
• On the effects of rotation in primordial star-forming clouds
• Does the chemothermal instability have any role in the fragmentation of primordial gas
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• Discrimination of heavy elements originating from Pop III stars in z = 3 intergalactic medium
• Do fragmentation and accretion affect the stellar Initial Mass Function?
• The Luminosity of Population III Star Clusters
• Analytic Approximations for the Velocity Suppression of Dark Matter Capture
• Aeos: Transport of Metals from Minihalos following Population III Stellar Feedback
• Saturation level of turbulence in collapsing gas clouds
• Formation of the First Galaxies: Theory and Simulations
• The 21cm Signature of Early Relic \HII Regions
• Cosmological thinking: cultural heritage and challenge
• From Cosmos to Intelligent Life: The Four Ages of Astrobiology
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• The Chemistry of the Early Universe
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• Probing $z\gtrsim 6$ massive black holes with gravitational waves
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• Chemical Yields from Supernovae and Hypernovae
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• Diversity of the Lyman continuum escape fractions of high-$z$ galaxies and its origins
• Condition for low-mass star formation in shock-compressed metal-poor clouds
• First Light: A Brief Review
• Angular momentum distribution during the collapse of primordial star-forming clouds
• Spectral Energy Distribution of the First Galaxies: Contribution from Pre-Main-Sequence Stars
• Population III Star Formation in an X-ray background: II. Protostellar Discs, Multiplicity and Mass Function of the Stars
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• Supermassive Dark Stars and their remnants as a possible solution to three recent cosmic dawn puzzles
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• Digging down the past
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• Scaling Relations Between Low-mass Black Holes and Their Host Galaxies
• Massive star clusters detected by JWST as natural birth places to form intermediate-mass black holes
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• First Light: Switching on Stars at the Dawn of Time
• Studying The Effect of Radiation Pressure on Evolution of a Population III Stellar Cluster