Exploring the cosmic dawn and epoch of reionization with 21cm line

Abstract

The dark age of the universe, when no luminous object had existed, ended with the birth of the first stars, galaxies, and blackholes. This epoch is called cosmic dawn. Cosmic reionization is the major transition of the intergalactic medium (IGM) in the universe driven by ionizing photons emitted from luminous objects. Although the epoch through the dark age to reionization is a milestone in the universe, our knowledge of this epoch has not been sufficient yet. Cosmic 21cm signal, which is emitted from neutral hydrogen, is expected to open a new window for this epoch. In this review paper, we first introduce the basic physics of the 21cm line and how first stars impact on the 21cm line signal. Next, we briefly summarize how we extract astrophysical information from the 21cm line signal by means of statistical and machine learning approaches. We also discuss the synergy between the 21cm line signal and other emission lines. Finally, we summarize the current status of 21cm experiments.

arXiv comment30 pages, 19 figures. Published in PASJ as Special Issue "Metre and Centimetre Radio Astronomy in the Next Decade"

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• Study of systematics effects on the Cross Power Spectrum of 21 cm Line and Cosmic Microwave Background using Murchison Widefield Array Data
• The Correlation Between Star Formation and 21cm Emission During the Reionization Epoch
• Foreground and sensitivity analysis for broad band (2D) 21cm--Ly-alpha and 21cm--H-alpha correlation experiments probing the Epoch of Reionization
• Simulations of ionospheric refraction on radio interferometric data
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