Improving constraints on the reionization parameters using 21-cm bispectrum

Abstract

Radio interferometric experiments aim to constrain the reionization model parameters by measuring the 21-cm signal statistics, primarily the power spectrum. However the Epoch of Reionization (EoR) 21-cm signal is highly non-Gaussian, and this non-Gaussianity encodes important information about this era. The bispectrum is the lowest order statistic able to capture this inherent non-Gaussianity. Here we are the first to demonstrate that bispectra for large and intermediate length scales and for all unique $k$-triangle shapes provide tighter constraints on the EoR parameters compared to the power spectrum or the bispectra for a limited number of shapes of $k$-triangles. We use the Bayesian inference technique to constrain EoR parameters. We have also developed an Artificial Neural Network (ANN) based emulator for the EoR 21-cm power spectrum and bispectrum which we use to remarkably speed up our parameter inference pipeline. Here we have considered the sample variance and the system noise uncertainties corresponding to $1000$ hrs of SKA-Low observations for estimating errors in the signal statistics. We find that using all unique $k$-triangle bispectra improves the constraints on parameters by a factor of $2-4$ (depending on the stage of reionization) over the constraints that are obtained using power spectrum alone.

27 pages, 9 figures, Accepted for publication in JCAP

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• Exploring the cosmic dawn and epoch of reionization with 21cm line
• Extracting the Global 21-cm signal from Cosmic Dawn and Epoch of Reionization in the presence of Foreground and Ionosphere
• On the general nature of 21cm-Lyman-$\alpha$ emitters cross-correlations during reionisation
• Redshifted 21-cm bispectrum: Impact of the source models on the signal and the IGM physics from the Cosmic Dawn
• The 21-cm bispectrum from neutral hydrogen islands at z < 6
• Distinguishing reionization models using the largest cluster statistics of the 21-cm maps
• The monopole and quadrupole moments of the Epoch of Reionization (EoR) 21-cm bispectrum
• A fast method of reionization parameter space exploration using GPR trained SCRIPT
• Impact of the Epoch of Reionization sources on the 21-cm bispectrum
• Interpreting the HI 21-cm cosmology maps through Largest Cluster Statistics -- I: Impact of the synthetic SKA1-Low observations
• Comparing sampling techniques to chart parameter space of 21 cm Global signal with Artificial Neural Networks
• The Impact of ionization Morphology and X-ray Heating on the Cosmological 21cm Skew Spectrum
• Probing the Epoch of Reionization using synergies of line intensity mapping
• Impact of Calibration and Position Errors on Astrophysical Parameters of the HI 21cm Signal
• Reionization Parameter Inference from 3D Minkowski Functionals of the 21 cm Signals
• From ANN to BNN: Inferring Reionization Parameters using Uncertainty-aware Emulators of 21-cm Summaries
• Exploring Machine Learning Regression Models for Advancing Foreground Mitigation and Global 21cm Signal Parameter Extraction
• The Effect of Large Optical Depths on the Non-Gaussian 21-cm signal from Cosmic Dawn
• Accelerating reionization constraints: An ANN-emulator framework for the SCRIPT Semi-numerical Model
• CosmoUiT: A Vision Transformer-UNet Hybrid for Fast and Accurate Emulation of 21-cm Maps from the Epoch of Reionization
• Sample Variance Denoising in Cylindrical 21-cm Power Spectra