GaLactic and Extragalactic All-sky Murchison Widefield Array (GLEAM) survey I: A low-frequency extragalactic catalogue

Abstract

Using the Murchison Widefield Array (MWA), the low-frequency Square Kilometre Array (SKA1 LOW) precursor located in Western Australia, we have completed the GaLactic and Extragalactic All-sky MWA (GLEAM) survey, and present the resulting extragalactic catalogue, utilising the first year of observations. The catalogue covers 24,831 square degrees, over declinations south of $+30^{\circ }$ and Galactic latitudes outside $10^{\circ }$ of the Galactic plane, excluding some areas such as the Magellanic Clouds. It contains 307,455 radio sources with 20 separate flux density measurements across 72--231MHz, selected from a time- and frequency- integrated image centred at 200MHz, with a resolution of $\approx 2$'. Over the catalogued region, we estimate that the catalogue is 90% complete at 170mJy, and 50% complete at 55mJy, and large areas are complete at even lower flux density levels. Its reliability is 99.97% above the detection threshold of $5\sigma$, which itself is typically 50mJy. These observations constitute the widest fractional bandwidth and largest sky area survey at radio frequencies to date, and calibrate the low frequency flux density scale of the southern sky to better than 10%. This paper presents details of the flagging, imaging, mosaicking, and source extraction/characterisation, as well as estimates of the completeness and reliability. All source measurements and images are available online (http://www.mwatelescope.org/science/gleam-survey). This is the first in a series of publications describing the GLEAM survey results.

arXiv comment30 pages, 18 figures, 6 tables, published in Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society

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• Future Radio Continuum Cosmology Clustering Surveys
• Why are some galaxy clusters underluminous? The very low concentration of the CL2015 mass profile
• Strategy for mitigation of systematics for EoR experiments with the Murchison Widefield Array
• A Swift X-ray view of the SMS4 sample -- X-ray properties of 31 quasars and radio galaxies
• Hadronic particle acceleration in the supernova remnant SN 1006 as traced by Fermi-LAT observations
• The ViCTORIA project: description of a multi-frequency radio survey of the Virgo galaxy cluster
• The peculiar cluster MACS J0417.5-1154 in the C and X-bands
• Ionospheric effect on the synthetic Epoch of Reionization observations with the SKA1-Low
• Discovery of an Extended $\gamma$-ray Emission around the Supernova Remnant Candidate associated with PSR J0837$-$2454
• The cluster-central compact steep-spectrum radio galaxy 1321+045
• VHE $\gamma$-ray discovery and multi-wavelength study of the blazar 1ES 2322-409
• Field-level Reconstruction from Foreground-Contaminated 21-cm Maps
• Robust direction-dependent gain-calibration of beam-modelling errors far from the target field
• Simulations of primary beam effects on the cosmic bispectrum phase observed with the Hydrogen Epoch of Reionization Array
• Synthetic Observations with the Square Kilometre Array (SKA) -- development towards an end-to-end pipeline
• Radio sources of the survey on the declination of the pulsar in Crab Nebula
• The structure of the giant radio fossil in the Ophiuchus galaxy cluster
• Exploring One-point Statistics in HERA Phase I Data: Effects of Foregrounds and Systematics on Measuring One-Point Statistics
• Sub-kilometre scale ionospheric studies at the SKA-Low site, using MWA extended baselines
• A Formalism for Calibrating the Instrumental Polarization of Radio Interferometric Arrays at Meter Wavelengths using Unpolarized Sky: A Demonstration using the MWA Observations
• The strongest cool core in REXCESS: Missing X-ray cavities in RXC J2014.8-2430
• Properties of Compact Faint Radio Sources as a Function of Angular Size from Stacking
• ALMA, ATCA, and Spitzer Observations of the Luminous Extragalactic Supernova SN 1978K
• Extended Radio Structures and a Compact X-ray Cool-Core in the Cluster Source PKS 1353-341
• IC 630: Piercing the Veil of the Nuclear Gas
• New supernova remnant candidates in the LOFAR Two Metre Sky Survey
• Radio and mid-infrared properties of the blazar J1419$-$0838
• The ATESP 5 GHz radio survey IV. 19, 38, and 94 GHz observations and radio spectral energy distributions
• Optimising the Processing and Storage of Visibilities using lossy compression
• Reassessment of an origin of the radio structure of J1420-0545
• Radio properties of high-redshift galaxies at $z\ge 1$
• A Swift X-ray view of the SMS4 sample -- II: X-ray properties of 17 bright radio sources
• Radio and Optical Properties of the blazar PKS 1614+051 at z=3.21
• AMI-CL J0300+2613: a Galactic anomalous-microwave-emission ring masquerading as a galaxy cluster
• An ACA 1mm survey of HzRGs in the ELAIS-S1: survey description and first results
• Distant clusters of galaxies in the 2XMM/SDSS footprint: follow-up observations with the LBT
• Studying the highly bent spectra of FR II-type radio galaxies with the KDA EXT model
• Low-Frequency Carbon Recombination Lines in the Orion Molecular Cloud Complex
• The Jet Paths of Radio AGN and their Cluster Weather
• Multi-epoch Low Radio Frequency Surveys of the Kepler K2 Mission Campaign Fields 3, 4, and 5 with the Murchison Widefield Array
• Performance evaluation of baseline-dependent averaging based onfull-scale SKA1-LOW simulation
• Murchison Widefield Array and XMM-Newton observations of the Galactic supernova remnant G5.9+3.1
• VLBI Detection of an Active Radio Source Potentially Driving 100-kpc Scale Emission in the Ultraluminous Infrared Galaxy IRAS F01004$-$2237
• A Giant Metrewave Radio Telescope Survey of Radio-loud Broad Absorption Line Quasars
• Epoch of Reionization Power Spectrum Limits from Murchison Widefield Array Data Targeted at EoR1 Field
• Low radio frequency detections of known pulsars and identification of new candidates with GLEAM-X: GP
• The recurrent nuclear activity of Fornax A and its interaction with the cold gas
• First detection of X-ray pulsations and spectrum of the high Galactic latitude pulsar PSR J0837-2454 and direct Urca cooling implications
• The Multi-Epoch Jet Outbursts in Abell 496: synchrotron ageing and buoyant X-ray cavities draped by warm gas filaments
• Radio Halo Detection in MWA Data using Deep Neural Networks and Generative Data Augmentation
• Studying the multi-phase interstellar medium in the Large Magellanic Cloud with SRG/eROSITA -- I. Analysis of diffuse X-ray emission
• The Square Kilometre Array Epoch of Reionisation and Cosmic Dawn Experiment
• Design Equations for a Closely-Spaced Two-Element Interferometer Including Internal Noise Coupling
• A Multi-Mechanism Hybrid Model of Peaked-Spectrum Radio Sources
• The Parsec-Scale Morphology of Southern GPS sources
• 1FLAT: a Firmamento-based catalog of AGN in Fermi-LAT high Galactic latitude γ-ray sources
• J-HERTz: J-PLUS Heritage Exploration of Radio Targets at z $<$ 5
• The GLEAM 4-Jy (G4Jy) Sample: IV. Multiwavelength data and analysis
• Cosmic-ray electron propagation in NGC 3044 from radio continuum observations
• Minimum Energies and Magnetic Field Strengths of Edge-brightened Compact Symmetric Objects
• Building a Radio AGN Sample from Cosmic Morning -- The Radio High-Redshift Quasar Catalog (RHzQCat): I. Catalog from SDSS Quasars and Radio Surveys at $z>3$
• New blazar candidates from the 9Y-MST catalogue detected at energies higher than 10 GeV
• Milliarcsecond-resolution Radio-imaging Survey of Blazar Candidates at 4 < z < 5.4
• Probing AGN duty cycle and cluster-driven morphology in a giant episodic radio galaxy
• MIGHTEE: total intensity radio continuum imaging and the COSMOS / XMM-LSS Early Science fields
• Establishing a relationship between the cosmological 21 cm power spectrum and interferometric closure phases
• Imaging and Modeling Data from the Hydrogen Epoch of Reionization Array
• Clustering properties of TGSS radio sources
• Deep ASKAP EMU Survey of the GAMA23 field: Properties of radio sources
• Radio Burst and Circular Polarization Studies of the Solar Corona at Low Frequencies
• Broadband radio study of the supernova remnant Kes 73
• Revisit the fraction of radio-loud narrow line Seyfert 1 galaxies with LoTSS DR1
• The Impact of Powerful Jets on the Far-infrared Emission of an Extreme Radio Quasar at z~6
• Discovery of Galaxy Clusters and a Head-Tail Radio Galaxy in the Direction of Globular Cluster NGC 6752
• A Bayesian approach to high fidelity interferometric calibration I: mathematical formalism
• Low frequency observations of radio relics and halos
• A VLITE Search for Millisecond Pulsars in Globular Clusters: Discovery of a Pulsar in GLIMPSE-C01
• Estimating Galaxy Star Formation Rates from Murchison Widefield Array Radio Continuum Emission
• Discovery of 178 Giant Radio Galaxies in 1059 deg${}^2$ of the Rapid ASKAP Continuum Survey at 888 MHz
• The gaseous natal environments of GPS and CSS sources with ASKAP -- FLASH
• The Correlation Calibration of PAPER-64 data