Simulations of Pregalactic Structure Formation with Radiative Feedback

Abstract

We present results from three-dimensional hydrodynamic simulations of the high redshift collapse of pregalactic clouds including feedback effects from a soft H2 photodissociating UV radiation field. The simulations use an Eulerian adaptive mesh refinement technique to follow the nonequilibrium chemistry of nine chemical species with cosmological initial conditions drawn from a popular Lambda-dominated cold dark matter model. The results confirm that the soft UV background can delay the cooling and collapse of small halos (~10^6 Msun). For reasonable values of the photo-dissociating flux, the H2 fraction is in equilibrium throughout most of the objects we simulate. We determine the mass threshold for collapse for a range of soft-UV fluxes and also derive a simple analytic expression. Continuing the simulations beyond the point of initial collapse demonstrates that the fraction of gas which can cool depends mostly on the virial mass of the halo and the amount of soft-UV flux, with remarkably little scatter. We parameterize this relation, for use in semi-analytic models.

18 pages, 7 figures, submitted to ApJ

References in corpus (11)

• Forming the First Stars in the Universe: The Fragmentation of Primordial Gas
• The Radiative Feedback of the First Cosmological Objects
• The Discovery of a Luminous z=5.80 Quasar from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey
• The Enrichment History of the Intergalactic Medium: Measuring the CIV/HI Ratio in the Lyman Alpha Forest
• Inhomogeneous Reionization Regulated by Radiative and Stellar Feedbacks
• Photodissociative Regulation of Star Formation in Metal-Free Pregalactic Clouds
• Simulation of primordial object formation
• The b Distribution of the Lya Forest: Probing Cosmology and the Intergalactic Medium
• Non-uniform reionization by galaxies and its effect on the cosmic microwave backgroun
• High-Redshift Galaxies: Their Predicted Size and Surface Brightness Distributions and Their Gravitational Lensing Probability
• KECK HIRES Spectroscopy of APM 08279+5255

Cited by in corpus (304)

• Cosmology at Low Frequencies: The 21 cm Transition and the High-Redshift Universe
• The Formation of the First Star in the Universe
• The First Stars
• Formation of Supermassive Black Holes by Direct Collapse in Pregalactic Halos
• Formation of the First Supermassive Black Holes
• The Assembly of the First Massive Black Holes
• Simulations of Early Structure Formation: Primordial Gas Clouds
• Dust Formation in Primordial Type II Supernovae
• Formation of Primordial Stars in a LCDM Universe
• Simulations on a Moving Mesh: The Clustered Formation of Population III Protostars
• The Birth of a Galaxy: Primordial Metal Enrichment and Stellar Populations
• Can Photoionization Squelching Resolve the Sub-structure Crisis?
• The Birth of a Galaxy - III. Propelling reionisation with the faintest galaxies
• Second-Generation Objects in the Universe: Radiative Cooling and Collapse of Halos with Virial Temperatures Above 10^4 Kelvin
• The formation of the first stars and galaxies
• Formation of the First Stars
• The First Cosmic Structures and their Effects
• Early Metal Enrichment of the Intergalactic Medium by Pregalactic Outflows
• The Mass Spectrum of the First Stars
• Molecular Hydrogen and Global Star Formation Relations in Galaxies
• Photoevaporation of Cosmological Minihalos during Reionization
• Radiation Hydrodynamical Evolution of Primordial H II Regions
• Supermassive Black Hole Formation by Direct Collapse: Keeping Protogalactic Gas H_2--Free in Dark Matter Halos with Virial Temperatures T_vir >~ 10^4 K
• The Universe Was Reionized Twice
• Ionizing Photon Escape Fractions from High Redshift Dwarf Galaxies
• High-redshift clumpy discs and bulges in cosmological simulations
• Early reionization by miniquasars
• The Assembly of Supermassive Black Holes at High Redshifts
• The driving mechanism of starbursts in galaxy mergers
• Resolving the Formation of Protogalaxies. III. Feedback from the First Stars
• The Structure and Evolution of Early Cosmological HII Regions
• Population III stars: hidden or disappeared ?
• Ubiquitous seeding of supermassive black holes by direct collapse
• The First Galaxies: Assembly, Cooling and the Onset of Turbulence
• Population III star formation in a Lambda CDM universe, I: The effect of formation redshift and environment on protostellar accretion rate
• Fossil HII Regions: Self-Limiting Star Formation at High Redshift
• The Reionization History at High Redshifts I: Physical Models and New Constraints from CMB Polarization
• A quantitative explanation of the observed population of Milky Way satellite galaxies
• Formation Histories of Dwarf Galaxies in the Local Group
• Population III star formation in a Lambda CDM universe, II: Effects of a photodissociating background
• Photodissociation of H2 in Protogalaxies: Modeling Self-Shielding in 3D Simulations
• Formation of massive black holes in rapidly growing pre-galactic gas clouds
• Resolving the Formation of Protogalaxies. II. Central Gravitational Collapse
• Three Epochs of Star Formation in the High Redshift Universe
• A Superbubble Feedback Model for Galaxy Simulations
• Galaxy Properties and UV Escape Fractions During Epoch of Reionization: Results from the Renaissance Simulations
• Early Cosmological HII/HeIII Regions and Their Impact on Second-Generation Star Formation
• The Fate of the First Galaxies. II. Effects of Radiative Feedback
• The Destruction of Cosmological Minihalos by Primordial Supernovae
• Charting the Parameter Space of the Global 21-cm Signal
• The First Billion Years project - III: The impact of stellar radiation on the coevolution of Populations II and III
• Star formation at very low metallicity. I: Chemistry and cooling at low densities
• Dark matter subhalos and the dwarf satellites of the Milky Way
• Feedback from Galaxy Formation: Production and Photodissociation of Primordial Molecular Hydrogen
• The Birth of a Galaxy. II. The Role of Radiation Pressure
• Two populations of metal-free stars in the early Universe
• The signature of the first stars in atomic hydrogen at redshift 20
• Suppression of H_2 Cooling in the Ultraviolet Background
• Cosmic Reionisation by Stellar Sources: Population III Stars
• Initial mass function of intermediate mass black hole seeds
• The Formation Rates of Population III Stars and Chemical Enrichment of Halos during the Reionization Era
• The Fate of the First Galaxies. I. Self-Consistent Cosmological Simulations with Radiative Transfer
• Feedback-regulated Super Massive Black Hole Seed Formation
• The Delay of Population III Star Formation by Supersonic Streaming Velocities
• The 21-cm signature of the first stars during the Lyman-Werner feedback era
• On the number density of "direct collapse" black hole seeds
• Supernova Explosions in the Early Universe: Evolution of Radiative Remnants and the Halo Destruction Efficiency
• Ultra faint dwarfs: probing early cosmic star formation
• Constraining the high redshift formation of black hole seeds in nuclear star clusters with gas inflows
• The role of cosmic ray pressure in accelerating galactic outflows
• Local radiative feedback in the formation of the first protogalaxies
• Effects of a Soft X-ray Background on Structure Formation at High Redshift
• Hydrodynamical simulations of the galaxy population: enduring successes and outstanding challenges
• From the first stars to the first black holes
• Constraints on Hydrodynamical Subgrid Models from Quasar Absorption Line Studies of the Simulated Circumgalactic Medium
• The Inhomogeneous Background of Hydrogen-Molecule Dissociating Radiation during Cosmic Reionization
• The Inhomogeneous Background of H2 Dissociating Radiation During Cosmic Reionization
• Unveiling the first black holes with JWST: multi-wavelength spectral predictions
• The Impact of the First Galaxies on Cosmic Dawn and Reionization
• The first generation of stars in LCDM cosmology
• Simulating an Isolated Dwarf Galaxy with Multi-Channel Feedback and Chemical Yields from Individual Stars
• Radiative feedback from an early X-ray background
• Dwarf galaxy formation with H2-regulated star formation
• The Rise of the First Stars: Supersonic Streaming, Radiative Feedback, and 21-cm Cosmology
• Population III.1 and III.2 gamma-Ray Bursts: Constraints on the event rate for future radio and X-ray surveys
• Detecting the Rise and Fall of the First Stars by Their Impact on Cosmic Reionization
• High-redshift formation and evolution of central massive objects II: The census of BH seeds
• Non-universal star formation efficiency in turbulent ISM
• Supermassive Seeds for Supermassive Black Holes
• The First Billion Years project: birthplaces of direct collapse black holes
• Constraining the primordial initial mass function with stellar archaeology
• Unravelling obese black holes in the first galaxies
• Limits on Pop III star formation with the most iron-poor stars
• The Growth of Black Holes from Population III Remnants in the Renaissance Simulations
• Forming a Primordial Star in a Relic HII Region
• The impact of the supersonic baryon-dark matter velocity difference on the z~20 21cm background
• Radiative Feedback from high mass X-ray binaries on the formation of the first galaxies and early reionization
• Infrared background signatures of the first black holes
• Escape Fraction of Ionizing Radiation from Starburst Galaxies at High Redshifts
• Probing the Small-Scale Matter Power Spectrum with Large-Scale 21-cm Data
• Finding the First Cosmic Explosions I: Pair-Instability Supernovae
• The Number of Supernovae from Primordial Stars in the Universe
• The formation of direct collapse black holes under the influence of streaming velocities
• Turbulent Cold Flows Gave Birth to the First Quasars
• When did Population III star formation end?
• The Source Density and Observability of Pair-Instability Supernovae from the First Stars
• The Influence of Streaming Velocities on the Formation of the First Stars
• Was Star-Formation Suppressed in High-Redshift Minihalos?
• Cosmological Simulations of Early Blackhole Formation: Halo Mergers, Tidal Disruption, and the Conditions for Direct Collapse
• The influence of streaming velocities and Lyman-Werner radiation on the formation of the first stars
• Cradles of the first stars: self-shielding, halo masses, and multiplicity
• Does Radiative Feedback by the First Stars Promote or Prevent Second Generation Star Formation?
• How the First Stars Regulated Local Star Formation I: Radiative Feedback
• How Very Massive Metal Free Stars Start Cosmological Reionization
• Late Pop III Star Formation During the Epoch of Reionization: Results from the Renaissance Simulations
• The formation of the first cosmic structures and the physics of the z~20 Universe
• Star Formation in the First Galaxies I: Collapse Delayed by Lyman-Werner Radiation
• Population III Stars and Remnants in High Redshift Galaxies
• Radiation from the first forming stars
• Is Double Reionization Physically Plausible?
• The Formation of the First Massive Black Holes
• Massive black hole remnants of the first stars in galactic haloes
• The effect of feedback and reionization on star formation in low-mass dwarf galaxy haloes
• Cosmological Implications of the Uncertainty in H- Destruction Rate Coefficients
• On the formation of the first quasars
• Where are the Low-Mass Population III Stars ?
• The First Galaxies: Assembly under Radiative Feedback from the First Stars
• The Role of Dust in the Early Universe I : Protogalaxy Evolution
• Secondary Star Formation in a Population III Object
• High-Redshift Star Formation in a Time-Dependent Lyman-Werner Background
• Early Structure Formation and Reionization in a Cosmological Model with a Running Primordial Power Spectrum
• The Epoch of Reionization in Models with Reduced Small Scale Power
• The brief era of direct collapse black hole formation
• The critical dark matter halo mass for Population III star formation: dependence on Lyman-Werner radiation, baryon-dark matter streaming velocity, and redshift
• Large-Scale Structure Shocks at Low and High Redshifts
• The Fate of the First Galaxies. III. Properties of Primordial Dwarf Galaxies and their Impact on the Intergalactic Medium
• The Epoch of Reionization
• Complete history of the observable 21-cm signal from the first stars during the pre-reionization era
• The Impact of HD Cooling on the Formation of the First Stars
• H_2 Suppression with Shocking Inflows: Testing a Pathway for Supermassive Black Hole Formation
• Emulating the Global 21-cm Signal from Cosmic Dawn and Reionization
• Criteria for the Formation of Population III Objects in the Ultraviolet Background Radiation
• The Effects of Population III X-ray and Radio Backgrounds on the Cosmological 21-cm Signal
• The Persistence of Population III Star Formation
• UV Radiative Feedback on High-Redshift Proto-Galaxies
• The First Generation of Star-Forming Haloes
• Robust Velocity-induced Acoustic Oscillations at Cosmic Dawn
• Revised rate coefficients for H${}_2$ and H${}^{-}$ destruction by realistic stellar spectra
• X-ray emission from high-redshift miniquasars: self-regulating the population of massive black holes through global warming
• Star formation at very low metallicity. II: On the insignificance of metal-line cooling during the early stages of gravitational collapse
• Results from EDGES High-Band: III. New Constraints on Parameters of the Early Universe
• Magnetised winds in dwarf galaxies
• The mass spectrum of metal-free Stars resulting from photodissociation feedback: A scenario for the formation of low-mass population III stars
• A Standard Ruler at Cosmic Dawn
• Limits on Population III star formation in minihaloes implied by Planck
• First Sources in Infrared Light: Stars, Supernovae and Miniquasars
• Tracing the first stars and galaxies of the Milky Way
• Self-consistent Semi-analytic Modeling of Feedback During Primordial Star Formation and Reionization
• Forming massive seed black holes in high-redshift quasar host progenitors
• Early Structure Formation Constraints on the Ultra-Light Axion in the Post-Inflation Scenario
• Constraining First Star Formation with 21cm-Cosmology
• The Baryons in the Milky Way Satellites
• Heating the IGM by X-rays from Population III Binaries in High Redshift Galaxies
• An Introductory Review on Cosmic Reionization
• Supermassive Black Holes in the Early Universe
• The Cosmic Near Infrared Background II: Fluctuations
• Numerical Simulations of High Redshift Star Formation in Dwarf Galaxies
• Supermassive Black Hole Growth and Merger Rates from Cosmological N-body Simulations
• Charting the Parameter Space of the 21-cm Power Spectrum
• Large-Scale Structure Formation: from the first non-linear objects to massive galaxy clusters
• Cosmological Origin of the Lowest Metallicity Halo Stars
• A New Statistical Model for Population III Supernova Rates: Discriminating Between $\Lambda$CDM and WDM Cosmologies
• Supersonic Relative Velocity between Dark Matter and Baryons: A Review
• Simulating the growth of Intermediate Mass Black Holes
• Resolving Gas Dynamics in the Circumnuclear Region of a Disk Galaxy in a Cosmological Simulation
• First stars in Damped Lyman Alpha systems
• Massive black hole remnants of the first stars I: abundance in present-day galactic haloes
• Direct collapse black hole formation via high-velocity collisions of protogalaxies
• Origin of Two Distinct Populations in Dwarf Spheroidal Galaxies
• Exploring the nature of the Lyman-$\alpha$ emitter CR7
• Chasing the observational signatures of seed black holes at z > 7: candidate statistics
• Chasing the observational signatures of seed black holes at z > 7: candidate observability
• Star Formation at the Twilight of the Dark Ages: Which Stars Reionized the Universe?
• A limit on the warm dark matter particle mass from the redshifted 21 cm absorption line
• Impact of the Primordial Stellar Initial Mass Function on the 21-cm Signal
• The 21-cm BAO signature of enriched low-mass galaxies during cosmic reionization
• A needle in a haystack? Catching Pop III stars in the Epoch of Reionization: I. Pop III star forming environments
• Self-consistent semi-analytic models of the first stars
• A tale of two sites -- II: Inferring the properties of minihalo-hosted galaxies with upcoming 21-cm interferometers
• A comparison of black hole growth in galaxy mergers with Gasoline and Ramses
• Efficacy of early stellar feedback in low gas surface density environments
• Lyman-Werner UV Escape Fractions from Primordial Halos
• The impact of reionization on the formation of supermassive black hole seeds
• The Molecular Hydrogen Deficit in Gamma-Ray Burst Afterglows
• Adaptive Mesh Refinement Simulations of Galaxy Formation: Exploring Numerical and Physical Parameters
• Starbursts in low-mass haloes at Cosmic Dawn. I. The critical halo mass for star formation
• Photodissociation feedback of Population III stars \\on their neighbor prestellar cores
• Looking for Population III stars with He II line intensity mapping
• Scaling Relations for Galaxies Prior to Reionization
• Formation of Massive Population III Galaxies through Photoionization Feedback: A Possible Explanation for CR7
• Population III Star Formation in a Lambda WDM Universe
• Population III Star Formation In Large Cosmological Simulations I. Halo Temporal and Physical Environment
• Radiative and Kinetic Feedback by Low-Mass Primordial Stars
• Dark stars: Implications and constraints from cosmic reionization and extragalactic background radiation
• The Emergence of the First Star-free Atomic Cooling Haloes in the Universe
• Lyalpha versus X-ray heating in the high-z IGM
• Did Massive Primordial Stars Preenrich the Lyman Alpha Forest?
• Feedback from the IR Background in the Early Universe
• First Constraints on Small-Scale Non-Gaussianity from UV Galaxy Luminosity Functions
• What is the Maximum Mass of a Population III Galaxy?
• A self-consistent semi-analytic model for Population III star formation in minihalos
• Metal Enrichment and Temperature of the Intergalactic Medium
• LYRA III: The smallest Reionization survivors
• The Collapse of Atomically-Cooled Primordial Haloes. I. High Lyman-Werner Backgrounds
• Spheroidal post-mergers in the local Universe
• The Birth of Binary Direct-Collapse Black Holes
• The micro-structure of the intergalactic medium I: the 21cm signature from dynamical minihaloes
• Radiative Regulation of Population III Star Formation
• Revisiting The First Galaxies: The effects of Population III stars on their host galaxies
• Massive core/star formation triggered by cloud-cloud collision: Effect of magnetic field
• Probing ultra-light axions with the 21-cm Signal during Cosmic Dawn
• Turbulence driven by structure formation in the circum-galactic medium
• No Tension: JWST Galaxies at $z>10$ Consistent with Cosmological Simulations
• Cosmic Renaissance: The First Sources of Light
• Cosmic Reionization May Still Have Started Early and Ended Late: Confronting Early Onset with CMB Anisotropy and 21 cm Global Signals
• Lyman alpha emission from the first galaxies: Implications of UV backgrounds and the formation of molecules
• Constraining Warm Dark Matter and Pop III stars with the Global 21-cm Signal
• Modelling the cosmological Lyman-Werner background radiation field in the Early Universe
• Constraints on nature of ultra light dark matter particles with 21cm forest
• Satellite Survival in Highly Resolved Milky Way Class Halos
• Radiative feedback and cosmic molecular gas: numerical method
• Formation Criteria and the Mass of Secondary Population III Stars
• How Cosmic Rays Mediate the Evolution of the Interstellar Medium
• Observing the First Stars and Black Holes
• 21cmfish: Fisher-matrix framework for fast parameter forecasts from the cosmic 21-cm signal
• Radiative Feedback in Relic HII Regions at High-Redshift
• The seeds of supermassive black holes and the role of local radiation and metal spreading
• The impact of ionizing radiation on the formation of a supermassive star in the early Universe
• Feedback from first radiation sources: H- photodissociation
• Optimal neighbourhood to nurture giants: a fundamental link between star forming galaxies and direct collapse black holes
• Are Faint Supernovae Responsible for Carbon-Enhanced Metal-Poor Stars?
• From dark matter halos to pre-stellar cores: High resolution follow-up of cosmological Lyman-Werner simulations
• UV regulated star formation in high-redshift galaxies
• Exploiting synergies between JWST and cosmic 21-cm observations to uncover star formation in the early Universe
• Filaments and sheets of the warm-hot intergalactic medium
• The role of Pop III stars and early black holes in the 21cm signal from Cosmic Dawn
• Detectable Signatures of Cosmic Radiative Feedback
• The First Galaxies and the Likely Discovery of their Fossils in the Local Group
• Globular Clusters and Streaming Velocities: Testing the new formation channel in high-resolution cosmological simulations
• The complexity that the first stars brought to the Universe: Fragility of metal enriched gas in a radiation field
• Modelling Population III stars for semi-numerical simulations
• Direct-collapse black hole formation induced by internal radiation of host halos
• GMC Evolution in a Barred Spiral Galaxy with Star Formation and Thermal Feedback
• The effect of dark matter resolution on the collapse of baryons in high redshift numerical simulations
• The First Billion Years in Seconds: An Effective Model for the 21-cm Signal with Population III Stars
• Photoevaporation of Minihalos during Cosmic Reionization: Primordial and Metal-Enriched Halos
• The Impact of Molecular Hydrogen Cooling on the Galaxy Formation Threshold
• 21cm forest probes on the axion dark matter in the post-inflationary Peccei-Quinn symmetry breaking scenarios
• Dwarf galaxy formation with and without dark matter-baryon streaming velocities
• A galaxy-free phenomenological model for the 21-cm power spectrum during reionization
• Role of magnetic fields in the formation of direct collapse black holes
• Fragmentation in Population III Galaxies formed through Ionizing Radiation
• Constraining structure formation using EDGES
• The high-redshift tail of stellar reionization in LCDM is beyond the reach of the low-$\ell$ CMB
• Recoiling Supermassive Black Hole Escape Velocities from Dark Matter Halos
• Selecting ultra-faint dwarf candidate progenitors in cosmological N-body simulations at high redshifts
• Radiative feedback from ionized gas
• Jetted Tidal Disruptions of Stars as a Flag of Intermediate Mass Black Holes at High Redshifts
• An upper limit on primordial magnetic fields from ultra-faint dwarf galaxies
• An analytic resolution to the competition between Lyman-Werner radiation and metal winds in direct collapse black hole hosts
• Thermal and Chemical Evolution of Collapsing Filaments
• Extending Semi-numeric Reionisation Models to the First Stars and Galaxies
• A Global Semi-Analytic Model of the First Stars and Galaxies Including Dark Matter Halo Merger Histories
• The EDGES measurement disfavors an excess radio background during the cosmic dawn
• On the population of primordial star clusters in the presence of UV background radiation
• Formation of mini-galaxies in defunct cosmological HII regions
• Effects of feedback-free starburst galaxies on the 21-cm signal and reionization history
• Formation of metal-free binaries: Impact of H${}_2$ line cooling and CIE cooling
• Gravitational Waves from Direct Collapse Black Holes Formation
• Connecting the Dots: UV-Bright Companions of Little Red Dots as Lyman-Werner Sources Enabling Direct Collapse Black Hole Formation
• The life cycle of starbursting circumnuclear gas discs
• Discrimination of heavy elements originating from Pop III stars in z = 3 intergalactic medium
• Cosmic Reionization and the First Nonlinear Structures in the Universe
• Constraining the non-gravitational scattering of baryons and dark matter with early cosmic structure formation
• Impact of cosmic rays on the global 21-cm signal during cosmic dawn
• Probing light relics through cosmic dawn
• Open questions in the study of population III star formation
• Reionization in the Light of Dark Stars
• Effects of binary stellar populations on direct collapse black hole formation
• Formation of the First Galaxies: Theory and Simulations
• Can supermassive stars form in protogalaxies due to internal Lyman-Werner feedback?
• Cosmological contribution from population III stars in ultracompact minihalos
• Weak wind effects in CNO driven winds of hot first stars
• Upper Limit on Star Formation and Metal Enrichment in Minihalos
• Primordial black holes as dark matter candidates: Multi-frequency constraints from cosmic radiation backgrounds
• Growth and Feedback from the First Black Holes
• First Light: A Brief Review
• The Effects of Dark Matter Annihilation and Dark Matter-Baryon Velocity Offsets at Cosmic Dawn
• Direct Collapse Black Hole Candidates from Decaying Dark Matter
• The First Stars
• Radiative Transfer Simulations of Ly$\alpha$ Intensity Mapping During Cosmic Reionization Including Sources from Galaxies and the Intergalactic Medium
• LYRA II: Cosmological dwarf galaxy formation with inhomogeneous Population III enrichment
• Effect of the cosmological transition to metal-enriched star-formation on the hydrogen 21-cm signal
• From Dark Matter Minihalos to Large-Scale Radiative Feedback: A Self-Consistent 3D Simulation of the First Stars and Galaxies using Neural Networks