Results from EDGES High-Band: III. New Constraints on Parameters of the Early Universe

Abstract

We present new constraints on parameters of cosmic dawn and the epoch of reionization derived from the EDGES High-Band spectrum ($90-190$ MHz). The parameters are probed by evaluating global $21$ cm signals generated with the recently developed Global21cm tool. This tool uses neural networks trained and tested on $\sim 30,000$ spectra produced with semi-numerical simulations that assume the standard thermal evolution of the cosmic microwave background and the intergalactic medium. From our analysis, we constrain at $68\%$ (1) the minimum virial circular velocity of star-forming halos to $V_{\mathrm{c}}<19.3$ km s${}^{-1}$, (2) the X-ray heating efficiency of early sources to $f_{\mathrm{X}}>0.0042$, and (3) the low-energy cutoff of the X-ray spectral energy distribution to ${\nu }_{\min }<2.3$ keV. We also constrain the star-formation efficiency ($f_{\ast }$), the electron scattering optical depth (${\tau }_{\mathrm{e}}$), and the mean-free path of ionizing photons ($R_{\mathrm{mfp}}$). We re-compute the constraints after incorporating into the analysis four estimates for the neutral hydrogen fraction from high-$z$ quasars and galaxies, and a prior on ${\tau }_{\mathrm{e}}$ from Planck $2018$. The largest impact of the external observations is on the parameters that most directly characterize reionization. Specifically, we derive the combined $68\%$ constraints ${\tau }_{\mathrm{e}}<0.063$ and $R_{\mathrm{mfp}}>27.5$ Mpc. The external observations also have a significant effect on $V_{\mathrm{c}}$ due to its degeneracy with ${\tau }_{\mathrm{e}}$, while the constraints on $f_{\ast }$, $f_{\mathrm{X}}$, and ${\nu }_{\min }$, remain primarily determined by EDGES.

References in corpus (79)

• Astropy: A Community Python Package for Astronomy
• Planck 2015 results. XIII. Cosmological parameters
• Planck 2013 results. XVI. Cosmological parameters
• HEALPix -- a Framework for High Resolution Discretization, and Fast Analysis of Data Distributed on the Sphere
• A luminous quasar at a redshift of z = 7.085
• Cosmology at Low Frequencies: The 21 cm Transition and the High-Redshift Universe
• In the Beginning: The First Sources of Light and the Reionization of the Universe
• An absorption profile centred at 78 megahertz in the sky-averaged spectrum
• An 800-million-solar-mass black hole in a significantly neutral Universe at redshift 7.5
• 21cmFAST: A Fast, Semi-Numerical Simulation of the High-Redshift 21-cm Signal
• High Mass X-ray Binaries as a Star Formation Rate Indicator in Distant Galaxies
• X-ray emission from star-forming galaxies - I. High-mass X-ray binaries
• Possible interaction between baryons and dark-matter particles revealed by the first stars
• Model-independent evidence in favor of an end to reionization by z~6
• Efficient Simulations of Early Structure Formation and Reionization
• The Sloan Digital Sky Survey Quasar Catalog: twelfth data release
• Planck intermediate results. XLVI. Reduction of large-scale systematic effects in HFI polarization maps and estimation of the reionization optical depth
• Simulations of Pregalactic Structure Formation with Radiative Feedback
• The Universe is Reionizing at z~7: Bayesian Inference of the IGM Neutral Fraction Using Ly$\alpha$ Emission from Galaxies
• ARCADE 2 Measurement of the Extra-Galactic Sky Temperature at 3-90 GHz
• A simulation calibrated limit on the HI power spectrum from the GMRT Epoch of Reionization experiment
• Quantitative Constraints on the Reionization History from the IGM Damping Wing Signature in Two Quasars at z > 7
• Upper limits on the 21-cm Epoch of Reionization power spectrum from one night with LOFAR
• Insights on Dark Matter from Hydrogen during Cosmic Dawn
• The Galaxy UV Luminosity Function Before the Epoch of Reionization
• New observations of z~7 galaxies: evidence for a patchy reionization
• PAPER-64 Constraints on Reionization: The 21cm Power Spectrum at z=8.4
• Enhanced global signal of neutral hydrogen due to excess radiation at cosmic dawn
• Radio Signatures of HI at High Redshift: Mapping the End of the ``Dark Ages''
• Severely Constraining Dark Matter Interpretations of the 21-cm Anomaly
• Stellar black holes at the dawn of the universe
• Signs of Dark Matter at 21-cm?
• The 4 Ms Chandra Deep Field-South Number Counts Apportioned by Source Class: Pervasive Active Galactic Nuclei and the Ascent of Normal Galaxies
• Energy Feedback from X-ray Binaries in the Early Universe
• Galaxy Properties and UV Escape Fractions During Epoch of Reionization: Results from the Renaissance Simulations
• Modeling the Radio Background from the First Black Holes at Cosmic Dawn: Implications for the 21 cm Absorption Amplitude
• Understanding the shape and diversity of dwarf galaxy rotation curves in LCDM
• Evolution of the 21 cm signal throughout cosmic history
• Charting the Parameter Space of the Global 21-cm Signal
• Simulating galaxies in the reionization era with FIRE-2: galaxy scaling relations, stellar mass functions, and luminosity functions
• Constraints on the Star Formation Efficiency of Galaxies During the Epoch of Reionization
• Impact of the Relative Motion between the Dark Matter and Baryons on the First Stars
• What does the first highly-redshifted 21-cm detection tell us about early galaxies?
• The signature of the first stars in atomic hydrogen at redshift 20
• First Season MWA EoR Power Spectrum Results at Redshift 7
• Constraining Baryon--Dark Matter Scattering with the Cosmic Dawn 21-cm Signal
• Constraints on reionisation from the z=7.5 QSO ULASJ1342+0928
• A Simple Technique for Predicting High-Redshift Galaxy Evolution
• Lx-SFR relation in star forming galaxies
• Probing the Dark Ages at Z~20: The SCI-HI 21 cm All-Sky Spectrum Experiment
• The 21-cm signature of the first stars during the Lyman-Werner feedback era
• Heating of Baryons due to Scattering with Dark Matter During the Dark Ages
• The Global 21-cm Signal in the Context of the High-z Galaxy Luminosity Function
• The EDGES 21 cm Anomaly and Properties of Dark Matter
• The Radio Background Below 100 MHz
• Bayesian constraints on the global 21-cm signal from the Cosmic Dawn
• First results on the Epoch of Reionization from First Light with SARAS 2
• Was reionization complete by z ~ 5-6?
• The Rise of the First Stars: Supersonic Streaming, Radiative Feedback, and 21-cm Cosmology
• Results from EDGES High-Band: I. Constraints on Phenomenological Models for the Global $21$ cm Signal
• The Effects of Dark Matter-Baryon Scattering on Redshifted 21 cm Signals
• Lyα emission line reconstruction for high-$z$ QSOs
• The Evolution of 21-cm Structure (EOS): public, large-scale simulations of Cosmic Dawn and Reionization
• The Global History of Reionisation
• First Limits on the 21 cm Power Spectrum during the Epoch of X-ray heating
• Constraining Primordial Black Holes with the EDGES 21-cm Absorption Signal
• The first (nearly) model-independent constraint on the neutral hydrogen fraction at z~5--6
• SARAS 2 constraints on global 21-cm signals from the Epoch of Reionization
• High Mass X-ray Binaries and the Cosmic 21-cm Signal: Impact of Host Galaxy Absorption
• Calibration of the EDGES High-Band Receiver to Observe the Global 21-cm Signature from the Epoch of Reionization
• Introducing the FirstLight project: UV luminosity function and scaling relations of primeval galaxies
• The rich complexity of 21-cm fluctuations produced by the first stars
• Constraining the redshifted 21-cm signal with the unresolved soft X-ray background
• Is there an unaccounted excess Extragalactic Cosmic Radio Background?
• Unique Signatures of Population III Stars in the Global 21-cm Signal
• Limits on Foreground Subtraction from Chromatic Beam Effects in Global Redshifted 21 cm Measurements
• Results from EDGES High-Band: II. Constraints on Parameters of Early Galaxies
• The 21-cm BAO signature of enriched low-mass galaxies during cosmic reionization
• Natural explanation for 21cm absorption signals via axion-induced cooling

Cited by in corpus (49)

• Data Analysis for Precision 21 cm Cosmology
• The redshifted 21-cm signal in the EDGES low-band spectrum
• Constraining primordial black holes as dark matter using the global 21-cm signal with X-ray heating and excess radio background
• The REACH radiometer for detecting the 21-cm hydrogen signal from redshift 7.5 to 28
• Constraining the intergalactic medium at $z\approx$ 9.1 using LOFAR Epoch of Reionization observations
• Tight Constraints on the Excess Radio Background at $z=9.1$ from LOFAR
• High-redshift radio galaxies: a potential new source of 21-cm fluctuations
• Interpreting LOFAR 21-cm signal upper limits at z~9.1 in the context of high-z galaxy and reionisation observations
• A General Bayesian Framework for Foreground Modelling and Chromaticity Correction for Global 21cm Experiments
• Emulating the Global 21-cm Signal from Cosmic Dawn and Reionization
• First upper limits on the 21 cm signal power spectrum from cosmic dawn from one night of observations with NenuFAR
• maxsmooth: Rapid Maximally Smooth Function Fitting With Applications in Global 21-cm Cosmology
• Astrophysical Constraints from the SARAS3 non-detection of the Cosmic Dawn Sky-Averaged 21-cm Signal
• GLOBALEMU: A novel and robust approach for emulating the sky-averaged 21-cm signal from the cosmic dawn and epoch of reionisation
• Lyman-$\alpha$ coupling and heating at Cosmic Dawn
• Validation of EDGES Low-Band Antenna Beam Model
• Mitigating the optical depth degeneracy using the kinematic Sunyaev-Zel'dovich effect with CMB-S4
• Impact of Ly$\alpha$ heating on the global 21-cm signal from the Cosmic Dawn
• 21cmVAE: A Very Accurate Emulator of the 21-cm Global Signal
• PRATUSH experiment concept and design overview
• A Bayesian Calibration Framework for EDGES
• Global 21-cm signal extraction from foreground and instrumental effects IV: Accounting for realistic instrument uncertainties and their overlap with foreground and signal models
• The 21 cm-kSZ-kSZ Bispectrum during the Epoch of Reionization
• Population III X-ray Binaries and their Impact on the Early Universe
• Modelling the Galactic Foreground and Beam Chromaticity for Global 21-cm Cosmology
• Exploiting synergies between JWST and cosmic 21-cm observations to uncover star formation in the early Universe
• 21cmFirstCLASS I. Cosmological tool for $\Lambda$CDM and beyond
• The HI-halo mass relation at redshift $z\sim 1$ from the Minkowski functionals of 21 cm intensity maps
• Cross-correlation between the 21-cm signal and [OIII] emitters during early cosmic reionization
• Constraints on the state of the IGM at $z\sim 8-10$ using redshifted 21-cm observations with LOFAR
• Photoevaporation of Minihalos during Cosmic Reionization: Primordial and Metal-Enriched Halos
• Statistical Detection of IGM Structures during Cosmic Reionization using Absorption of the Redshifted 21 cm line by HI against Compact Background Radio Sources
• Can the Local Bubble explain the radio background?
• Cosmic mysteries and the hydrogen 21-cm line: bridging the gap with lunar observations
• 21cmFirstCLASS II. Early linear fluctuations of the 21cm signal
• Maximal X-ray feedback in the pre-reionization universe
• Rapid and Late Cosmic Reionization Driven by Massive Galaxies: a Joint Analysis of Constraints from 21-cm, Lyman Line & CMB Data Sets
• Signal in the Hyperfine Structure Line of the Ground State of Atomic Hydrogen from the Dark Ages as a Cosmological Test
• Accounting for Noise and Singularities in Bayesian Calibration Methods for Global 21-cm Cosmology Experiments
• On Measuring the 21 cm Global Spectrum of the Cosmic Dawn with an Interferometer Array
• Capturing System Drift with Time Series Calibration for Global 21-cm Cosmology Experiments
• Absorption in the 21 cm Hydrogen Line at $z>10$ as a Sensitive Tool for the Construction of a Cosmological Model on Small Scales
• Influence of the deviation of the matter power spectrum at small scales on the global 21-cm signal at cosmic dawn
• Implications of the cosmological 21-cm absorption profile for high-redshift star formation and deep JWST surveys
• On the accuracy of posterior recovery with neural network emulators
• A bubble size distribution model for the Epoch of Reionization
• TOI-1438: A rare system with two short-period sub-Neptunes and a tentative long-period Jupiter-like planet orbiting a K0V star
• A Comprehensive Bayesian re-analysis of the SARAS2 data from the Epoch of Reionization
• Effect of the cosmological transition to metal-enriched star-formation on the hydrogen 21-cm signal