Dwarf galaxy formation with and without dark matter-baryon streaming velocities

Abstract

We study how supersonic streaming velocities of baryons relative to dark matter -- a large-scale effect imprinted at recombination and coherent over $\sim 3$ Mpc scales -- affects the formation of dwarf galaxies at $z\gtrsim 5$. We perform cosmological hydrodynamic simulations, including and excluding streaming velocities, in regions centered on halos with $M_{\mathrm{vir}}(z=0)\approx 10^{10}$ M${}_{\odot }$; the simulations are part of the Feedback In Realistic Environments (FIRE) project and run with FIRE-3 physics. Our simulations comprise many thousands of systems with halo masses between $M_{\mathrm{vir}}=2\times 10^5$ M${}_{\odot }$ and $2\times 10^9$ M${}_{\odot }$ in the redshift range $z=20-5$. A few hundred of these galaxies form stars and have stellar masses ranging from 100 to $10^7$ M${}_{\odot }$. While star formation is globally delayed by approximately 50 Myr in the streaming relative to non-streaming simulations and the number of luminous galaxies is correspondingly suppressed at high redshift in the streaming runs, these effects decay with time. By $z=5$, the properties of the simulated galaxies are nearly identical in the streaming versus non-streaming runs, indicating that any effects of streaming velocities on the properties of galaxies at the mass scale of classical dwarfs and larger do not persist to $z=0$.

arXiv comment12 pages, 8 figures, submitted to ApJ

References in corpus (72)

• Seven-Year Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe (WMAP) Observations: Cosmological Interpretation
• Galaxies on FIRE (Feedback In Realistic Environments): Stellar Feedback Explains Cosmologically Inefficient Star Formation
• The Rockstar Phase-Space Temporal Halo Finder and the Velocity Offsets of Cluster Cores
• Too big to fail? The puzzling darkness of massive Milky Way subhaloes
• GIZMO: A New Class of Accurate, Mesh-Free Hydrodynamic Simulation Methods
• FIRE-2 Simulations: Physics versus Numerics in Galaxy Formation
• The Formation of the First Stars. I. The Primordial Star Forming Cloud
• Multi-scale initial conditions for cosmological simulations
• Simulations of Early Structure Formation: Primordial Gas Clouds
• The unexpected diversity of dwarf galaxy rotation curves
• Relative velocity of dark matter and baryonic fluids and the formation of the first structures
• The Formation and Fragmentation of Disks around Primordial Protostars
• Simulations of Pregalactic Structure Formation with Radiative Feedback
• Primordial Star Formation under the Influence of Far Ultraviolet Radiation: 1540 Cosmological Halos and the Stellar Mass Distribution
• A Cosmic UV/X-ray Background Model Update
• Formation Histories of Dwarf Galaxies in the Local Group
• Impact of the Relative Motion between the Dark Matter and Baryons on the First Stars
• The Birth of a Galaxy. II. The Role of Radiation Pressure
• The signature of the first stars in atomic hydrogen at redshift 20
• Constraining Baryon--Dark Matter Scattering with the Cosmic Dawn 21-cm Signal
• The Delay of Population III Star Formation by Supersonic Streaming Velocities
• Connecting the first galaxies with ultra faint dwarfs in the Local Group: chemical signatures of Population~III stars
• Effect of Streaming Motion of Baryons Relative to Dark Matter on the Formation of the First Stars
• FIRE-3: Updated Stellar Evolution Models, Yields, & Microphysics and Fitting Functions for Applications in Galaxy Simulations
• A Highly Magnified Star at Redshift 6.2
• Supersonic Gas Streams Enhance the Formation of Massive Black Holes in the Early Universe
• The Impact of the First Galaxies on Cosmic Dawn and Reionization
• Baryonic clues to the puzzling diversity of dwarf galaxy rotation curves
• Simulations of Early Baryonic Structure Formation with Stream Velocity: II. The Gas Fraction
• The impact of the supersonic baryon-dark matter velocity difference on the z~20 21cm background
• The impact of primordial supersonic flows on early structure formation, reionization and the lowest-mass dwarf galaxies
• Occurrence of Metal-free Galaxies in the Early Universe
• The formation of direct collapse black holes under the influence of streaming velocities
• When did Population III star formation end?
• The Influence of Streaming Velocities on the Formation of the First Stars
• The influence of streaming velocities and Lyman-Werner radiation on the formation of the first stars
• Simulations of Early Baryonic Structure Formation with Stream Velocity: I. Halo Abundance
• Cradles of the first stars: self-shielding, halo masses, and multiplicity
• The formation of the first cosmic structures and the physics of the z~20 Universe
• The formation of massive black holes in z~30 dark matter haloes with large baryonic streaming velocities
• Legacy of star formation in the pre-reionization universe
• The THESAN project: predictions for multi-tracer line intensity mapping in the epoch of reionization
• No Assembly Required: Mergers are Mostly Irrelevant for the Growth of Low-mass Dwarf Galaxies
• Constraining First Star Formation with 21cm-Cosmology
• Candidate Population III stellar complex at z=6.629 in the MUSE Deep Lensed Field
• Introducing SPHINX-MHD: The Impact of Primordial Magnetic Fields on the First Galaxies, Reionization, and the Global 21cm Signal
• The first galaxies: simulating their feedback-regulated assembly
• Supersonic Relative Velocity between Dark Matter and Baryons: A Review
• The Ultimately Large Telescope -- what kind of facility do we need to detect Population III stars?
• Formation of the first star clusters and massive star binaries by fragmentation of filamentary primordial gas clouds
• Constraining the Baryon-Dark Matter Relative Velocity with the Large-Scale 3-Point Correlation Function of the SDSS BOSS DR12 CMASS Galaxies
• Gas in Simulations of High Redshift Galaxies and Minihalos
• Low-mass suppression of the satellite luminosity function due to the supersonic baryon--cold-dark-matter relative velocity
• A cryogenic liquid-mirror telescope on the moon to study the early universe
• Radiation Hydrodynamical Simulations of the Birth of Intermediate-Mass Black Holes in the First Galaxies
• Formation of the first galaxies in the aftermath of the first supernovae
• How much metals did the first stars provide to the ultra-faint dwarfs?
• Hybrid Cosmological Simulations with Stream Velocities
• Signatures of First Stars in Galaxy Surveys: Multi-Tracer Analysis of the Supersonic Relative Velocity Effect and the Constraints from the BOSS Power Spectrum Measurements
• Highly r-process enhanced stars in ultra-faint dwarf galaxies
• On the probability of the extremely lensed $z$=6.2 Earendel source being a Population~III star
• Signature of the first galaxies in JWST deep field observations
• Dwarf Spheroidal Satellite Formation in a Reionized Local Group
• Large-scale variation in reionization history caused by Baryon-dark matter streaming velocity
• First Structure Formation under the Influence of Gas-Dark Matter Streaming Velocity and Density: Impact of the Baryons-trace-dark matter Approximation
• The nonlinear evolution of baryonic overdensities in the early universe: Initial conditions of numerical simulations
• Formation of proto-globular cluster candidates in cosmological simulations of dwarf galaxies at $z>4$
• The Supersonic Project: To cool or not to cool Supersonically Induced Gas Objects (SIGOs)?
• Statistical properties of dark matter mini-haloes at z >= 15
• Shape and Spin of Minihaloes. II: The Effect of Streaming Velocities
• The End of Galaxy Surveys
• Population III Star Formation in an X-ray background: I. Critical Halo Mass of Formation and Total Mass in Stars

Cited by in corpus (2)

• The Effects of Dark Matter Annihilation and Dark Matter-Baryon Velocity Offsets at Cosmic Dawn
• Primordial black holes and the velocity acoustic oscillations features in 21 cm signals from the cosmic Dark Ages