Lyalpha versus X-ray heating in the high-z IGM

Abstract

In this paper we examine the effect of X-ray and Lyalpha photons on the intergalactic medium temperature. We calculate the photon production from a population of stars and micro-quasars in a set of cosmological hydrodynamic simulations which self-consistently follow the dark matter dynamics, radiative processes as well as star formation, black hole growth and associated feedback processes. We find that, (i) IGM heating is always dominated by X-rays unless the Lyalpha photon contribution from stars in objects with mass M<10^8 Msun becomes significantly enhanced with respect to the X-ray contribution from BHs in the same halo (which we do not directly model). (ii) Without overproducing the unresolved X-ray background, the gas temperature becomes larger than the CMB temperature, and thus an associated 21 cm signal should be expected in emission, at z<11.5. We discuss how in such a scenario the transition redshift between a 21 cm signal in absorption and in emission could be used to constraint BHs accretion and associated feedback processes.

7 pages, 3 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS

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• HERA Phase I Limits on the Cosmic 21-cm Signal: Constraints on Astrophysics and Cosmology During the Epoch of Reionization
• The Rise of the First Stars: Supersonic Streaming, Radiative Feedback, and 21-cm Cosmology
• Radiative Feedback from high mass X-ray binaries on the formation of the first galaxies and early reionization
• How realistic UV spectra and X-rays suppress the abundance of direct collapse black holes
• Decoding the X-ray Properties of Pre-Reionization Era Sources
• The subtlety of Ly-a photons: changing the expected range of the 21-cm signal
• The rich complexity of 21-cm fluctuations produced by the first stars
• Fast and energetic AGN-driven outflows in simulated dwarf galaxies
• An MCMC approach to extracting the global 21-cm signal during the cosmic dawn from sky-averaged radio observations
• X-ray emission from high-redshift miniquasars: self-regulating the population of massive black holes through global warming
• Impact of the Primordial Stellar Initial Mass Function on the 21-cm Signal
• Interpreting the Global 21-cm Signal from High Redshifts. I. Model Independent Constraints
• Prospects for detecting the 21cm forest from the diffuse intergalactic medium with LOFAR
• Exploiting synergies between JWST and cosmic 21-cm observations to uncover star formation in the early Universe
• The role of Pop III stars and early black holes in the 21cm signal from Cosmic Dawn
• The detectability of strong 21 centimetre forest absorbers from the diffuse intergalactic medium in late reionisation models
• Measuring the cosmic expansion rate using 21-cm velocity acoustic oscillations
• The First Billion Years in Seconds: An Effective Model for the 21-cm Signal with Population III Stars
• A practical theorem on using interferometry to measure the global 21-cm signal
• Impact of cosmic rays on the global 21-cm signal during cosmic dawn
• Thermal Evolution of the IGM due to Lyman-α photons during the Cosmic Dawn
• Exploring delaying and heating effects on the 21-cm signature of fuzzy dark matter