Exploring the disk-jet connection in NGC 315

Abstract

Aims. Hot accretion flows are thought to be able to power the relativistic jets observed in Active Galactic Nuclei. They can present themselves as SANE (Standard And Normal Evolution) disks or MAD (Magnetically Arrested Disks), two states implying profound differences in the physical properties of the disks themselves and of the outflows they produce. Methods. In this paper we use a multi-frequency and multi-epoch data set to study the giant radio galaxy NGC 315, with the goal to explore the properties of its accretion disk and sub-parsec jet. We analyze the source maps with a pixel-based analysis and we use theoretical models to link the observational properties of the jet to the physical state of the accretion disk. Results. We propose that the bulk flow in NGC 315 accelerates on sub-pc scales, concurrently with the parabolic expansion. We show that this fast acceleration can be theoretically reconciled with a magnetically driven acceleration. Along the acceleration and collimation zone, we observe an unexpected spectral behavior, with very steep spectral index values $\alpha \sim -1.5$ ($S_{\nu }\propto {\nu }^{\alpha }$) between 22 GHz and 43 GHz. Based on the properties of this region, we predict the black hole of NGC 315 to be fast rotating and the magnetic flux threading the accretion disk to be in excellent agreement with that expected in the case of a MAD. Using a new formalism based on the core-shift effect, we model the magnetic field downstream a quasi-parabolic accelerating jet and we reconstruct it up to the event horizon radius. In the MAD scenario, we compare it with the expected magnetic saturation strengths in the disk, finding a good agreement.

12 pages plus appendix, 8 figures. Accepted for publication in A&A

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• Discovering the Mass-Scaled Damping Timescale from Microquasars to Blazars
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• Core shift in parabolic accelerating jets
• Dynamic and polarimetric VLBI imaging with a multiscalar approach
• A multi-frequency study of sub-parsec jets with the Event Horizon Telescope
• Jet Collimation and Acceleration in the Flat Spectrum Radio Quasar 1928+738
• The detection of possible $\gamma$-ray quasi-periodic modulation with $\sim$600 days from the blazar S2 0109+22
• Prospects of using closure traces directly for imaging in Very Long Baseline Interferometry
• Jet formation studies in AGN: a search for new targets
• On the possible core shift break in relativistic jets
• Evidence of a non-equipartition energy regime in 1803+784 Core-shift and Faraday rotation measurements from simultaneous multi-frequency polarimetric VGOS observations
• Multifrequency simultaneous VLBA view of the radio source 3C 111
• Millimeter VLBI constraints on the central magnetic field and symmetric jet production in the twin-jet galaxy NGC 1052
• The twin-jet system in the FRII radio galaxy 3C 452: A sub-parsec scale VLBI study
• Magnetic field and plasma number density from radio and millimeter core measurements in AGN jets
• Cosmology from LOFAR Two-metre Sky Survey Data Release 2: Counts-in-Cells Statistics