Assisted Inspirals of Stellar Mass Black Holes Embedded in AGN Disks: Solving the "Final AU Problem"

Abstract

We explore the evolution of stellar mass black hole binaries (BHBs) which are formed in the self-gravitating disks of active galactic nuclei (AGN). Hardening due to three-body scattering and gaseous drag are effective mechanisms that reduce the semi-major axis of a BHB to radii where gravitational waves take over, on timescales shorter than the typical lifetime of the AGN disk. Taking observationally-motivated assumptions for the rate of star formation in AGN disks, we find a rate of disk-induced BHB mergers ($\mathcal{R}\sim 3{\mathrm{yr}}^{-1}{\mathrm{Gpc}}^{-3}$, but with large uncertainties) that is comparable with existing estimates of the field rate of BHB mergers, and the approximate BHB merger rate implied by the recent Advanced LIGO detection of GW150914. BHBs formed thorough this channel will frequently be associated with luminous AGN, which are relatively rare within the sky error regions of future gravitational wave detector arrays. This channel could also possess a (potentially transient) electromagnetic counterpart due to super-Eddington accretion onto the stellar mass black hole following the merger.

10 pages, 3 figures, changes made to match MNRAS published version

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• Misaligned Spin Merging Black Holes in Modified Gravity (MOG)
• Black Hole Merger Rates in AGN: contribution from gas-captured binaries
• Constraining Black Hole Populations in Globular Clusters using Microlensing: Application to Omega Centauri
• A Sea of Black Holes: Characterizing the LISA Signature for Stellar-Origin Black Hole Binaries
• Extreme resonant eccentricity excitation of stars around merging black-hole binary
• Looking To The Horizon: Probing Evolution in the Black Hole Spectrum With Gravitational Wave Catalogs
• Limits on the Electro-Magnetic Counterpart of Binary Black Hole Coalescence at Visible Wavelengths
• Target of Opportunity Observations of Gravitational Wave Events with LSST
• Identifying intermediate mass binary black hole mergers in AGN disks using LISA
• Accretion rates of stellar-mass compact objects embedded in AGN discs
• Secular Spin-orbit Resonances of Black Hole Binaries in AGN Disks
• Thick Disks, Thin Hopes: Suppressed Capture and Merger Rates in AGN
• Gravitational wave backgrounds from coalescing black hole binaries at cosmic dawn: an upper bound
• Analysis and simulations of binary black hole merger spins -- the question of spin-axis tossing at black hole formation
• Captured are circularized: A relativistic treatment of extreme mass ratio inspirals crossing accretion disks
• Not all roads lead to merger: AGN disc properties influence the interactions of highly unequal mass black holes
• Effective two-body scatterings around a massive object
• Constraining the environment of compact binary mergers with self-lensing signatures
• Stellar Stripping and Disruption in Disks around Supermassive Black Hole Binaries: Repeating nuclear transients prior to LISA events
• Population Synthesis of Gravitational Wave Sources
• The role of migration traps in the formation of binary black holes in AGN disks
• Signatures of Hierarchical Mergers in Black Hole Spin and Mass distribution
• Analytical and Numerical Methods for Circumbinary Disk Dynamics -- II: Inclined Disks
• Gravitational Lensing of Gravitational Waves from Astrophysical Sources: Theory, Detection, and Applications
• Characterizing Binary Black Hole Subpopulations in GWTC-4 with Binned Gaussian Processes: On the Origins of the $35M_{\odot }$ Peak
• Constraints on the VHE counterpart of two binary black hole mergers observed by the MAGIC and CTAO LST-1 telescopes
• Energetics and scattering of gravitational two-body systems at fourth post-Minkowskian order
• Effects of an Immortal Stellar Population in AGN Disks
• Detectability of a spatial correlation between stellar-mass black hole mergers and Active Galactic Nuclei in the Local Universe
• Host galaxies and electromagnetic counterparts to binary neutron star mergers across the cosmic time: Detectability of GW170817-like events
• Eccentricity Evolution in Gaseous Dynamical Friction
• Top-heavy stellar mass distribution in galactic nuclei inferred from the universally high abundance ratio of [Fe/Mg]
• Dynamical double black holes and their host cluster properties