Intermediate-mass black hole binary parameter estimation with next-generation ground-based detector networks

Abstract

Astrophysical scenarios for the formation and evolution of intermediate-mass black holes (IMBHs) in the mass range $10^2{M}_{\odot }\lesssim M\lesssim 10^6{M}_{\odot }$ remain uncertain, but future ground-based gravitational-wave (GW) interferometers will probe the lower end of the IMBH mass range. We study the detectability of IMBH binary mergers and the measurability of their parameters with next-generation ground-based detector networks consisting of various combinations of Cosmic Explorer (CE) and Einstein Telescope (ET) interferometers. We find that, for binaries with component masses $m_{1,2}\sim 1000M_{\odot }$, an optimal 3-detector network can constrain the masses with errors $\lesssim 0.1\%$ ($\lesssim 1\%$) at $z=0.5$ ($z=2$), and the source redshift can be measured with percent-level accuracy or better at $z\lesssim 2$. The redshift of lighter binaries ($m_{1,2}\lesssim 300M_{\odot }$) can still be measured with $O(10)\%$ accuracy even at $z=10$. Binaries with $z\lesssim 0.5$ can be localized within $1{\mathrm{deg}}^2$ for $m_{1,2}\lesssim 1000M_{\odot }$, and within $0.1{\mathrm{deg}}^2$ for comparable mass systems. The sky localization is good enough that it may be possible to cross-correlate GW searches with galaxy catalogs and to search for electromagnetic counterparts to IMBH mergers. We also point out that the low-frequency sensitivity of the detectors is crucial for IMBH detection and parameter estimation. It will be interesting to use our results in conjunction with population synthesis codes to constrain astrophysical IMBH formation models.

18 pages, 11 figures. All data is available at https://zenodo.org/records/13829385

References in corpus (97)

• Advanced Virgo: a 2nd generation interferometric gravitational wave detector
• GWTC-3: Compact Binary Coalescences Observed by LIGO and Virgo During the Second Part of the Third Observing Run
• The NANOGrav 15-year Data Set: Evidence for a Gravitational-Wave Background
• GW190521: A Binary Black Hole Merger with a Total Mass of $150M_{\odot }$
• Bilby: A user-friendly Bayesian inference library for gravitational-wave astronomy
• The Formation of the First Stars. I. The Primordial Star Forming Cloud
• The First Stars
• Massive Black Holes as Population III Remnants
• Formation of the First Supermassive Black Holes
• Formation of Supermassive Black Holes
• Intermediate-Mass Black Holes
• The runaway growth of intermediate-mass black holes in dense star clusters
• Use and Abuse of the Fisher Information Matrix in the Assessment of Gravitational-Wave Parameter-Estimation Prospects
• Intermediate and Extreme Mass-Ratio Inspirals -- Astrophysics, Science Applications and Detection using LISA
• Rapid and Bright Stellar-mass Binary Black Hole Mergers in Active Galactic Nuclei
• Ultraluminous X-Ray Sources
• Assisted Inspirals of Stellar Mass Black Holes Embedded in AGN Disks: Solving the "Final AU Problem"
• Production of Intermediate-Mass Black Holes in Globular Clusters
• The SXS Collaboration catalog of binary black hole simulations
• Intermediate-Mass Black Holes
• A 2 per cent Hubble constant measurement from standard sirens within 5 years
• Science with the Einstein Telescope: a comparison of different designs
• Candidate Electromagnetic Counterpart to the Binary Black Hole Merger Gravitational Wave Event S190521g
• Formation of Massive Black Holes in Dense Star Clusters. I. Mass Segregation and Core Collapse
• A New Sample of Low-mass Black Holes in Active Galaxies
• AEDGE: Atomic Experiment for Dark Matter and Gravity Exploration in Space
• IMRPhenomXHM: A multi-mode frequency-domain model for the gravitational wave signal from non-precessing black-hole binaries
• The Formation and Evolution of Massive Black Holes
• Observational evidence for intermediate-mass black holes
• Massive black hole binaries from runaway collisions: the impact of metallicity
• Black hole formation in the early universe
• New Limits on an Intermediate Mass Black Hole in Omega Centauri: II. Dynamical Models
• Prospects for resolving the Hubble constant tension with standard sirens
• A luminous X-ray outburst from an intermediate-mass black hole in an off-centre star cluster
• Growth of Intermediate-Mass Black Holes in Globular Clusters
• The Missing Link in Gravitational-Wave Astronomy: Discoveries waiting in the decihertz range
• Forecasting the detection capabilities of third-generation gravitational-wave detectors using $\text{GWFAST}$
• VLT Kinematics for omega Centauri: Further Support for a Central Black Hole
• When can gravitational-wave observations distinguish between black holes and neutron stars?
• Evolution of Accretion Disks in Tidal Disruption Events
• Rates and Characteristics of Intermediate Mass Ratio Inspirals Detectable by Advanced LIGO
• Gravitational Waves and Intermediate-mass Black Hole Retention in Globular Clusters
• The velocity dispersion profile of NGC 6388 from resolved-star spectroscopy: no evidence of a central cusp and new constraints on the black hole mass
• Detection of IMBHs with ground-based gravitational wave observatories: A biography of a binary of black holes, from birth to death
• Limits on intermediate-mass black holes in six Galactic globular clusters with integral-field spectroscopy
• The MAVERIC Survey: Still No Evidence for Accreting Intermediate-mass Black Holes in Globular Clusters
• No Evidence for Intermediate-Mass Black Holes in Globular Clusters: Strong Constraints from the JVLA
• Gravitational waves from intermediate-mass-ratio inspirals for ground-based detectors
• Kinematic signature of an intermediate-mass black hole in the globular cluster NGC 6388
• The Missing Link: Bayesian Detection and Measurement of Intermediate-Mass Black-Hole Binaries
• Intermediate-mass Black Holes from High Massive-star Binary Fractions in Young Star Clusters
• Detecting triple systems with gravitational wave observations
• Using long-term millisecond pulsar timing to obtain physical characteristics of the bulge globular cluster Terzan 5
• Perturbations of Intermediate-mass Black Holes on Stellar Orbits in the Galactic Center
• Detectability of Intermediate-Mass Black Holes in Multiband Gravitational Wave Astronomy
• Search for intermediate mass black hole binaries in the third observing run of Advanced LIGO and Advanced Virgo
• Gwbench: a novel Fisher information package for gravitational-wave benchmarking
• Dark Sirens to Resolve the Hubble-Lemaître Tension
• Observing intermediate-mass black holes and the upper--stellar-mass gap with LIGO and Virgo
• Exploring intermediate and massive black-hole binaries with the Einstein Telescope
• Intermediate mass black holes from stellar mergers in young star clusters
• No evidence for intermediate-mass black holes in the globular clusters $\omega$ Cen and NGC 6624
• X-rays from the Globular Cluster G1: Intermediate Mass Black Hole or Low Mass X-ray Binary?
• Tidal Disruption Events and Gravitational Waves from Intermediate-mass Black Holes in Evolving Globular Clusters Across Space and Time
• A hidden friend for the galactic center black hole, Sgr A*
• The absence of radio emission from the globular cluster G1
• Radio observations of NGC 2808 and other globular clusters: constraints on intermediate mass black holes
• Binary radial velocity measurements with space-based gravitational-wave detectors
• The Galactic Centre star S2 as a dynamical probe for intermediate-mass black holes
• Merging stellar and intermediate-mass black holes in dense clusters: implications for LIGO, LISA and the next generation of gravitational wave detectors
• Measuring intermediate mass black hole binaries with advanced gravitational wave detectors
• Mapping the Galactic Center with Gravitational Wave Measurements using Pulsar Timing
• Tidal Disruption of a Main-Sequence Star by an Intermediate-Mass Black Hole: A Bright Decade
• Identifying when Precession can be Measured in Gravitational Waveforms
• Growth of intermediate mass black holes by tidal disruption events in the first star clusters
• Sensitivity of gravitational wave searches to the full signal of intermediate mass black hole binaries during the LIGO O1 Science Run
• Detectability and parameter estimation of stellar origin black hole binaries with next generation gravitational wave detectors
• The growth of intermediate mass black holes through tidal captures and tidal disruption events
• NuRIA: Numerical Relativity Injection Analysis of spinning binary black hole signals in Advanced LIGO data
• Cosmography with next-generation gravitational wave detectors
• Intermediate-mass-ratio-inspirals in the Einstein Telescope. II. Parameter estimation errors
• Cosmology and Astrophysics with Standard Sirens and Galaxy Catalogs in View of Future Gravitational Wave Observations
• Mock data study for next-generation ground-based detectors: The performance loss of matched filtering due to correlated confusion noise
• Growing Black Holes through Successive Mergers in Galactic Nuclei: I. Methods and First Results
• Massive black hole assembly in nuclear star clusters
• Radio Continuum Observations of 47 Tucanae and Omega Centauri: Hints for Intermediate-mass Black Holes?
• Binary intermediate-mass black hole mergers in globular clusters
• Source Confusion from Neutron Star Binaries in Ground-Based Gravitational Wave Detectors is Minimal
• Discovery of the Candidate Off-nuclear Ultrasoft Hyper-luminous X-ray Source 3XMM J141711.1+522541
• New search pipeline for gravitational waves with higher-order modes using mode-by-mode filtering
• Correlated 0.01Hz-40Hz seismic and Newtonian noise and its impact on future gravitational-wave detectors
• Intermediate mass black holes in globular clusters: effects on jerks and jounces of millisecond pulsars
• Astrometric Detection of Intermediate-Mass Black Holes At the Galactic Centre
• Hunting intermediate-mass black holes with LISA binary radial velocity measurements
• Gravitational-wave cosmology with dark sirens: state of the art and perspectives for 3G detectors
• Probing supermassive black hole seed scenarios with gravitational wave measurements
• LISA Constraints on an Intermediate-Mass Black Hole in the Galactic Centre

Cited by in corpus (10)

• The Science of the Einstein Telescope
• A rapid channel for the collisional formation and gravitational wave driven mergers of supermassive black hole seeds at high redshift
• Probing intermediate-mass black hole binaries with the Lunar Gravitational-wave Antenna
• Fast and accurate parameter estimation of high-redshift sources with the Einstein Telescope
• Detection for Intermediate-mass Binary Black Holes in Population III Star Clusters with TianQin
• Minimum gas mass accreted by spinning intermediate-mass black holes in stellar clusters
• Gravitational wave inference of star cluster properties from intermediate-mass black hole mergers
• FROST-CLUSTERS -- III. Metallicity-dependent intermediate mass black hole formation by runaway collisions in dense star clusters
• Gravitational-wave constraints on noncommutative spacetime from GW190814
• Source Confusion of Massive Black Hole Binaries for the Taiji Mission