Rapid and Bright Stellar-mass Binary Black Hole Mergers in Active Galactic Nuclei

Abstract

The Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave Observatory, LIGO, found direct evidence for double black hole binaries emitting gravitational waves. Galactic nuclei are expected to harbor the densest population of stellar-mass black holes. A significant fraction ($\sim 30\%$) of these black holes can reside in binaries. We examine the fate of the black hole binaries in active galactic nuclei, which get trapped in the inner region of the accretion disk around the central supermassive black hole. We show that binary black holes can migrate into and then rapidly merge within the disk well within a Salpeter time. The binaries may also accrete a significant amount of gas from the disk, well above the Eddington rate. This could lead to detectable X-ray or gamma-ray emission, but would require hyper-Eddington accretion with a few percent radiative efficiency, comparable to thin disks. We discuss implications for gravitational wave observations and black hole population studies. We estimate that Advanced LIGO may detect $\sim 20$ such, gas-induced binary mergers per year.

9 pages, 2 figures

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• Determining the Hubble Constant with AGN-assisted Black Hole Mergers
• High-energy Neutrino Productions from AGN Disk Transients Impacted by Circum-disk Medium
• The appearance of a merging binary black hole very close to a spinning supermassive black hole
• Muffled Murmurs: Environmental effects in the LISA stochastic signal from stellar-mass black hole binaries
• Luminosity distance uncertainties from gravitational wave detections by third generation observatories
• Outflow-Driven Transients from the Birth of Binary Black Holes I: Tidally-Locked Secondary Supernovae
• Retrieving the True Masses of Gravitational-wave Sources
• Upper Limit on the Dissipation of Gravitational Waves in Gravitationally Bound Systems
• Deep learning to detect gravitational waves from binary close encounters: Fast parameter estimation using normalizing flows
• GWsim: a code to simulate gravitational waves propagating in a potential well
• Evidence of a fraction of LIGO/Virgo/KAGRA events coming from active galactic nuclei
• Follow-up survey for the binary black hole merger GW200224_222234 using Subaru/HSC and GTC/OSIRIS
• Swift X-ray Follow-Up Observations of Gravitational Wave and High-Energy Neutrino Coincident Signals
• Ultralight boson constraints from gravitational wave observations of spinning binary black holes
• Constraining neutron star radii in black hole-neutron star mergers from their electromagnetic counterparts
• Multimessenger hierarchical triple merger gravitational-wave event pair GW190514-GW190521 inside AGN J124942.3 + 344929
• The missing link in gravitational-wave astronomy: A summary of discoveries waiting in the decihertz range
• The origin channels of hierarchical binary black hole mergers in the LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA O1, O2, and O3 runs
• In the grip of the disk: dragging the companion through an AGN
• Merger of multiple accreting black holes concordant with gravitational wave events
• Are binary black hole mergers and long gamma-ray bursts drawn from the same black hole population?
• Astrophysics with the Laser Interferometer Space Antenna
• Electromagnetic signatures of white dwarf collisions in AGN discs
• Hydrodynamic simulations of black hole evolution in AGN discs II: inclination damping for partially embedded satellites
• A Sea of Black Holes: Characterizing the LISA Signature for Stellar-Origin Black Hole Binaries
• The cosmological distribution of compact object mergers from dynamical interactions with SMBH binaries
• Constraints and prospects on gravitational wave and neutrino emission using GW150914
• Constraints and prospects on GW and neutrino emissions using GW150914
• Imprints of massive black-hole binaries on neighbouring decihertz gravitational-wave sources
• Prospects of constraining on the polarizations of gravitational waves from binary black holes using space- and ground-based detectors
• Black Hole Merger Rates in AGN: contribution from gas-captured binaries
• Constraining Black Hole Populations in Globular Clusters using Microlensing: Application to Omega Centauri
• Self-consistent Solutions of Evolving Nuclear Star Clusters with Two-Dimensional Monte-Carlo Dynamical Simulations
• Identifying intermediate mass binary black hole mergers in AGN disks using LISA
• Scalar fields around black hole binaries in LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA
• Extreme resonant eccentricity excitation of stars around merging black-hole binary
• Interactions among binary black holes in star clusters: Eccentric gravitational wave captures and triple formation
• The Nature of Gravitational Wave Events with Host Environment Escape Velocities
• A Broker Integrated Algorithm for Gravitational Wave - Electromagnetic Counterpart Searches in O4a and O4b Runs
• Gravitational wave backgrounds from coalescing black hole binaries at cosmic dawn: an upper bound
• Thick Disks, Thin Hopes: Suppressed Capture and Merger Rates in AGN
• Accretion rates of stellar-mass compact objects embedded in AGN discs
• Radio follow-up of a candidate gamma-ray transient in the sky localization area of GW170608
• Ultra High Energy Neutrino Event KM3-230213A as a Signal of Electroweak Vacuum Turbulence in Merging Black Hole Binaries
• Secular Spin-orbit Resonances of Black Hole Binaries in AGN Disks
• Global Stellar Budget for LIGO Black Holes
• The Use of Binary Black Holes Merging in AGN Disks for Hubble Constant Measurements
• Supernovae in massive binaries and compact object mergers near supermassive black holes
• Multi-Messenger Astrophysics with THESEUS in the 2030s
• Stellar Stripping and Disruption in Disks around Supermassive Black Hole Binaries: Repeating nuclear transients prior to LISA events
• Population Synthesis of Gravitational Wave Sources
• Constraining the environment of compact binary mergers with self-lensing signatures
• Effective two-body scatterings around a massive object
• Binary black holes in magnetized AGN disks
• Mass function of stellar black holes as revealed by the LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA observations
• Multi-Messenger Astrophysics Opportunities with Stellar-Mass Binary Black Hole Mergers
• An analytical joint prior for effective spins for inference on the spin distribution of binary black holes
• Gravitational Waves and Neutrinos
• Analytical and Numerical Methods for Circumbinary Disk Dynamics -- II: Inclined Disks
• The role of migration traps in the formation of binary black holes in AGN disks
• High-energy Neutrinos from Stellar Explosions in Active Galactic Nuclei Accretion Disks
• Signatures of Hierarchical Mergers in Black Hole Spin and Mass distribution
• Gravitational Lensing of Gravitational Waves from Astrophysical Sources: Theory, Detection, and Applications
• Resonant Dynamical Friction in Nuclear Star Clusters: Rapid Alignment of an Intermediate-mass Black Hole with a Stellar Disk
• Accretion in Radiative Equipartition (AiRE) Disks
• Gravitational background from dynamical binaries and detectability with 2G detectors
• Effects of an Immortal Stellar Population in AGN Disks
• Detectability of a spatial correlation between stellar-mass black hole mergers and Active Galactic Nuclei in the Local Universe
• Host galaxies and electromagnetic counterparts to binary neutron star mergers across the cosmic time: Detectability of GW170817-like events
• Characterizing Binary Black Hole Subpopulations in GWTC-4 with Binned Gaussian Processes: On the Origins of the $35M_{\odot }$ Peak
• Aspects of astrophysical particle production and beyond the Standard Model phenomenology
• Eccentricity Evolution in Gaseous Dynamical Friction
• Constraints on the VHE counterpart of two binary black hole mergers observed by the MAGIC and CTAO LST-1 telescopes