POEMMA's Target of Opportunity Sensitivity to Cosmic Neutrino Transient Sources

Abstract

We investigate the capability of the Probe Of Extreme Multi-Messenger Astrophysics (POEMMA) in performing Target-of-Opportunity (ToO) neutrino observations. POEMMA will detect tau neutrinos via Cherenkov radiation from their upward-moving extensive air showers. POEMMA will be able to quickly slew ($90^{\circ }$ in 500 s) to the direction of an astrophysical source, which in combination with its orbital speed will provide it with unparalleled capability to follow up transient alerts. We calculate POEMMA's transient sensitivity for two observational modes for its two satellites (ToO-stereo and ToO-dual) and investigate variations in neutrino sensitivity across the sky arising from POEMMA's orbit. We explore separate scenarios for long ($\sim 10^6$ s) and short ($\sim 10^3$ s) bursts, accounting for intrusion from the Sun and the Moon in long-duration scenarios. For long bursts, POEMMA will improve the average neutrino sensitivity above 300 PeV by up to a factor of 7 with respect to existing experiments (e.g., IceCube, ANTARES, and Pierre Auger), reaching the level of model predictions for neutrino fluences at these energies from several types of long-duration astrophysical transients (e.g., binary neutron star mergers and tidal disruption events). For short bursts in the optimal case, POEMMA will improve the sensitivity over existing experiments by at least an order of magnitude above 100 PeV. POEMMA's orbit and rapid slewing will provide access to the full celestial sky, including regions not accessible to ground-based experiments. Finally, we discuss the prospects for detecting neutrinos from candidate astrophysical neutrino sources in the nearby universe. Our results demonstrate that with its improved neutrino sensitivity at ultra-high energies and unique full-sky coverage, POEMMA will be an essential component in an expanding multi-messenger network.

arXiv comment39 pages (18.5 main + 20.5 appendices and references), 18 figures; submitted to Phys. Rev. D

References in corpus (204)

• GW170817: Observation of Gravitational Waves from a Binary Neutron Star Inspiral
• Advanced Virgo: a 2nd generation interferometric gravitational wave detector
• Multi-messenger Observations of a Binary Neutron Star Merger
• Gravitational Waves and Gamma-rays from a Binary Neutron Star Merger: GW170817 and GRB 170817A
• GWTC-1: A Gravitational-Wave Transient Catalog of Compact Binary Mergers Observed by LIGO and Virgo during the First and Second Observing Runs
• A Unified Approach to the Classical Statistical Analysis of Small Signals
• The Optical and Near-Infrared Properties of Galaxies: I. Luminosity and Stellar Mass Functions
• The Cosmic Microwave Background Spectrum from the Full COBE/FIRAS Data Set
• A 3% Solution: Determination of the Hubble Constant with the Hubble Space Telescope and Wide Field Camera 3
• Characterization of the LIGO detectors during their sixth science run
• Multi-messenger observations of a flaring blazar coincident with high-energy neutrino IceCube-170922A
• Neutrino emission from the direction of the blazar TXS 0506+056 prior to the IceCube-170922A alert
• High Energy Neutrinos from Cosmological Gamma-Ray Burst Fireballs
• Magnetars
• Letter of Intent for KM3NeT 2.0
• Relativistic Jets in Active Galactic Nuclei
• COSMOLOGICAL GAMMA RAY BURSTS AND THE HIGHEST ENERGY COSMIC RAYS
• Spectral Irradiance Calibration in the Infrared. XIV: the Absolute Calibration of 2MASS
• The 2MASS Redshift Survey - Description and Data Release
• Leptonic and Hadronic Modeling of Fermi-Detected Blazars
• A relativistic jetted outburst from a massive black hole fed by a tidally disrupted star
• Discovery of the Onset of Rapid Accretion by a Dormant Massive Black Hole
• Rapid and Bright Stellar-mass Binary Black Hole Mergers in Active Galactic Nuclei
• BL Lac Objects in the Synchrotron Proton Blazar Model
• On the acceleration of Ultra High Energy Cosmic Rays in Gamma Ray Bursts
• Neutrino Interactions at Ultrahigh Energies
• nCTEQ15 - Global analysis of nuclear parton distributions with uncertainties in the CTEQ framework
• The Astrophysics of Ultrahigh Energy Cosmic Rays
• Detecting Tau Neutrino Oscillations at PeV Energies
• Detecting Nutau Oscillations as PeV Energies
• Super-critical Accretion Flows around Black Holes: Two-dimensional, Radiation-pressure-dominated Disks with Photon-trapping
• Rates of tidal disruption of stars by massive central black holes
• The Birth of a Relativistic Outflow in the Unusual γ-ray Transient Swift J164449.3+573451
• Candidate Electromagnetic Counterpart to the Binary Black Hole Merger Gravitational Wave Event S190521g
• Fermi GBM Observations of LIGO Gravitational Wave event GW150914
• 3FHL: The Third Catalog of Hard Fermi-LAT Sources
• Indications of Intermediate-Scale Anisotropy of Cosmic Rays with Energy Greater Than 57 EeV in the Northern Sky Measured with the Surface Detector of the Telescope Array Experiment
• Update on the correlation of the highest energy cosmic rays with nearby extragalactic matter
• All-sky search for time-integrated neutrino emission from astrophysical sources with 7 years of IceCube data
• Diffuse Neutrino Intensity from the Inner Jets of Active Galactic Nuclei: Impacts of External Photon Fields and the Blazar Sequence
• A Multimessenger Picture of the Flaring Blazar TXS 0506+056: implications for High-Energy Neutrino Emission and Cosmic Ray Acceleration
• The rate, luminosity function and time delay of non-Collapsar short GRBs
• Optical and X-ray emission from stable millisecond magnetars formed from the merger of binary neutron stars
• The Giant Radio Array for Neutrino Detection (GRAND): Science and Design
• An Improved Distance and Mass Estimate for Sgr A* from a Multistar Orbit Analysis
• Early-type galaxies in the SDSS. I. The sample
• Distance measures in cosmology
• Indication of anisotropy in arrival directions of ultra-high-energy cosmic rays through comparison to the flux pattern of extragalactic gamma-ray sources
• The Second Swift BAT Gamma-Ray Burst Catalog
• New physical insights about Tidal Disruption Events from a comprehensive observational inventory at X-ray wavelengths
• Differential limit on the extremely-high-energy cosmic neutrino flux in the presence of astrophysical background from nine years of IceCube data
• Magnetars in the Metagalaxy: An Origin for Ultra High Energy Cosmic Rays in the Nearby Universe
• The Luminosity Function of Fermi-detected Flat-Spectrum Radio Quasars
• Large-Amplitude X-ray Outbursts from Galactic Nuclei: A Systematic Survey Using ROSAT Archival Data
• Neutrinos From Individual Gamma-Ray Bursts in the BATSE Catalog
• Electromagnetic Counterparts to Black Hole Mergers Detected by LIGO
• Flavor Composition and Energy Spectrum of Astrophysical Neutrinos
• High-Energy Neutrinos from Photomeson Processes in Blazars
• Modelling the coincident observation of a high-energy neutrino and a bright blazar flare
• Tau Neutrino Appearance with a 1000 Megaparsec Baseline
• Short Gamma-Ray Bursts from the Merger of Two Black Holes
• Ultra-High Energy Cosmic Rays from Young Neutron Star Winds
• Lepto-hadronic single-zone models for the electromagnetic and neutrino emission of TXS 0506+056
• Star-forming galaxies as the origin of diffuse high-energy backgrounds: Gamma-ray and neutrino connections, and implications for starburst history
• Tau Neutrinos in the Auger Observatory : A New Window to UHECR Sources
• Discovering Ultra High Energy Neutrinos by Horizontal and Upward tau Air-Showers: Evidences in Terrestrial Gamma Flashes?
• High-energy cosmic-ray nuclei from high- and low-luminosity gamma-ray bursts and implications for multi-messenger astronomy
• Search for High-energy Neutrinos from Binary Neutron Star Merger GW170817 with ANTARES, IceCube, and the Pierre Auger Observatory
• Neutrino Emission from Gamma-Ray Burst Fireballs, Revised
• Mergers of Charged Black Holes: Gravitational Wave Events, Short Gamma-Ray Bursts, and Fast Radio Bursts
• Photohadronic origin of $\gamma$-ray BL Lac emission: implications for IceCube neutrinos
• Rates of Superluminous Supernovae at z~0.2
• Extending the search for muon neutrinos coincident with gamma-ray bursts in IceCube data
• An improved limit to the diffuse flux of ultra-high energy neutrinos from the Pierre Auger Observatory
• TXS 0506+056, the first cosmic neutrino source, is not a BL Lac
• The redshift of the BL Lac object TXS 0506+056
• Giant AGN Flares and Cosmic Ray Bursts
• Observability of Earth-skimming Ultra-high Energy Neutrinos
• Relativistic Jets in Active Galactic Nuclei und Microquasars
• Ultra-High-Energy Cosmic Rays
• Prompt Radiation and Mass Outflows from the Stream-Stream Collisions of Tidal Disruption Events
• Simplified models for photohadronic interactions in cosmic accelerators
• Performance of two Askaryan Radio Array stations and first results in the search for ultra-high energy neutrinos
• Characteristics of Four Upward-pointing Cosmic-ray-like Events Observed with ANITA
• Implications of Particle Acceleration in Active Galactic Nuclei for Cosmic Rays and High Energy Neutrino Astronomy
• Observation of an Unusual Upward-going Cosmic-ray-like Event in the Third Flight of ANITA
• High energy neutrino early afterglows from gamma-ray bursts revisited
• The Merger Rate of Binary White Dwarfs in the Galactic Disk
• The Progenitor of GW 150914
• Galaxy groups in the low-redshift Universe
• Cascading Constraints from Neutrino Emitting Blazars: The case of TXS 0506+056
• The IceCube Neutrino Observatory - Contributions to ICRC 2017 Part II: Properties of the Atmospheric and Astrophysical Neutrino Flux
• High-Energy Neutrino Emission from Short Gamma-Ray Bursts: Prospects for Coincident Detection with Gravitational Waves
• Probing the birth of fast rotating magnetars through high-energy neutrinos
• Newly-born pulsars as sources of ultrahigh energy cosmic rays
• FRII{\sl{CAT}}: A FIRST catalog of FR~II radio galaxies
• UHECR acceleration at GRB internal shocks
• Testing the Newborn Pulsar Origin of Ultrahigh Energy Cosmic Rays with EeV Neutrinos
• Fast radio bursts and their gamma-ray or radio afterglows as Kerr-Newman black hole binaries
• Low-luminosity gamma-ray bursts as the sources of ultrahigh-energy cosmic ray nuclei
• Constraints on the ultra-high energy cosmic neutrino flux from the fourth flight of ANITA
• High Energy Neutrinos from the Tidal Disruption of Stars
• Probing the Cosmic Gamma-Ray Burst Rate with Trigger Simulations of the Swift Burst Alert Telescope
• Tidal disruption jets of supermassive black holes as hidden sources of cosmic rays: explaining the IceCube TeV-PeV neutrinos
• Can tidal disruption events produce the IceCube neutrinos?
• Prompt atmospheric neutrino fluxes: perturbative QCD models and nuclear effects
• The Post-Merger Magnetized Evolution of White Dwarf Binaries: The Double-Degenerate Channel of Sub-Chandrasekhar Type Ia Supernovae and the Formation of Magnetized White Dwarfs
• Efficiency of Super-Eddington Magnetically-Arrested Accretion
• Tidally disrupted stars as a possible origin of both cosmic rays and neutrinos at the highest energies
• High Energy Neutrino Flashes from Far-Ultraviolet and X-ray Flares in Gamma-Ray Bursts
• Neutrino Bounds on Astrophysical Sources and New Physics
• Constraints on the diffuse high-energy neutrino flux from the third flight of ANITA
• The Core Collapse Supernova Rate from the SDSS-II Supernova Survey
• High-Energy Neutrino Flares From X-Ray Bright and Dark Tidal Disruptions Events
• Neutrino and cosmic-ray emission from multiple internal shocks in gamma-ray bursts
• Tau Neutrinos Underground: Signals of ${\nu }_{\mu }\to {\nu }_{\tau }$ Oscillations with Extragalactic Neutrinos
• Ultra-High Energy Cosmic Rays and Neutrinos from Tidal Disruptions by Massive Black Holes
• Astrophysical Sources of High Energy Neutrinos in the IceCube Era
• High-Energy Neutrinos from Millisecond Magnetars formed from the Merger of Binary Neutron Stars
• On the Origin and Survival of UHE Cosmic-Ray Nuclei in GRBs and Hypernovae
• Electromagnetic signals following stellar-mass black hole mergers
• Disk Winds as an Explanation for Slowly Evolving Temperatures in Tidal Disruption Events
• Upward Tau Air Showers from Earth
• Enhanced signal of astrophysical tau neutrinos propagating through Earth
• Deriving accurate peculiar velocities (even at high redshift)
• A Comprehensive Approach to Tau-Lepton Production by High-Energy Tau Neutrinos Propagating Through Earth
• Ultrafast Outflows from Black Hole Mergers with a Mini-Disk
• Search for Point-Like Sources of Ultra-High Energy Neutrinos at the Pierre Auger Observatory and Improved Limit on the Diffuse Flux of Tau Neutrinos
• Mass entrainment and turbulence-driven acceleration of ultra-high energy cosmic rays in Centaurus A
• Ultra-high energy cosmic rays, cascade gamma-rays, and high-energy neutrinos from gamma-ray bursts
• High-energy neutrinos from astrophysical accelerators of cosmic ray nuclei
• On the possible gamma-ray burst -- gravitational wave association in GW150914
• Targeting ultra-high energy neutrinos with the ARIANNA experiment
• Neutrinos and Ultra-High-Energy Cosmic-Ray Nuclei from Blazars
• Centaurus A as a source of extragalactic cosmic rays with arrival energies well beyond the GZK cutoff
• Electromagnetic Luminosity of the Coalescence of Charged Black Hole Binaries
• Earth-skimming UHE Tau Neutrinos at the Fluorescence Detector of Pierre Auger Observatory
• Probing the tidal disruption flares of massive black holes with high-energy neutrinos
• Fornax A, Centaurus A and other radio galaxies as sources of ultra-high energy cosmic rays
• A comprehensive analysis of anomalous ANITA events disfavors a diffuse tau-neutrino flux origin
• UHECR escape mechanisms for protons and neutrons from GRBs, and the cosmic ray-neutrino connection
• Superluminous Supernovae in LSST: Rates, Detection Metrics, and Light Curve Modeling
• Testing a reported correlation between arrival directions of ultrahigh-energy cosmic rays and a flux pattern from nearby starburst galaxies using Telescope Array data
• Sensitivity of a proposed space-based Cerenkov astrophysical-neutrino telescope (CHANT)
• Astrophysics Uniquely Enabled by Observations of High-Energy Cosmic Neutrinos
• Ultrahigh Energy Cosmic Rays and Black Hole Mergers
• Ultrahigh-energy neutrino follow-up of Gravitational Wave events GW150914 and GW151226 with the Pierre Auger Observatory
• A Sterile Neutrino Origin for the Upward Directed Cosmic Ray Showers Detected by ANITA
• Studies of an air-shower imaging system for the detection of ultrahigh-energy neutrinos
• Upgoing ANITA events as evidence of the CPT symmetric universe
• R-parity Violating Supersymmetric Explanation of the Anomalous Events at ANITA
• Neutrino Echoes from Multimessenger Transient Sources
• The Stream-Stream Collision after the Tidal Disruption of a Star Around a Massive Black Hole
• Acceptances for Space-Based and Ground-Based Fluorescence Detectors, and Inference of the Neutrino-Nucleon Cross-Section above 10^19 eV
• Disks Around Merging Binary Black Holes: From GW150914 to Supermassive Black Holes
• Magnetized Moving Mesh Merger of a Carbon-Oxygen White Dwarf Binary
• Sterile neutrinos as a possible explanation for the upward air shower events at ANITA
• Neutrino emission from BL Lac objects: the role of radiatively inefficient accretion flows
• A Dark Matter Interpretation of the ANITA Anomalous Events
• Probing the Emission Mechanism and Magnetic Field of Neutrino Blazars with Multi-Wavelength Polarization Signatures
• Coherent transition radiation from the geomagnetically-induced current in cosmic-ray air showers: Implications for the anomalous events observed by ANITA
• Ultra-high-energy-cosmic-ray hot spots from tidal disruption events
• A search for IceCube events in the direction of ANITA neutrino candidates
• Cosmic tau neutrino detection via Cherenkov signals from air showers from Earth-emerging taus
• Self-consistent neutrino and UHE cosmic ray spectra from Mrk 421
• Extreme Energy nu_tau Propagation Through the Earth
• Leptoquark solution for both the flavor and ANITA anomalies
• Bimodal radio variability in OVRO-40m-monitored blazars
• Reflections On the Anomalous ANITA Events: The Antarctic Subsurface as a Possible Explanation
• Unusual Near-horizon Cosmic-ray-like Events Observed by ANITA-IV
• Can we observe neutrino flares in coincidence with explosive transients?
• Multi-Messenger Physics with the Pierre Auger Observatory
• Explaining the ANITA Anomaly with Inelastic Boosted Dark Matter
• Supersymmetric sphaleron configurations as the origin of the perplexing ANITA events
• Cherenkov Tau Shower Earth-Skimming Method for PeV-EeV Tau Neutrino Observation with Ashra
• Performance and science reach of POEMMA for ultrahigh-energy particles
• Magnetically powered outbursts from white dwarf mergers
• Can the ANITA anomalous events be due to new physics?
• High-Energy Neutrino Emission from White Dwarf Mergers
• Limits on the flux of tau neutrinos from 1 PeV to 3 EeV with the MAGIC telescopes
• The ALLM parameterization of sigma_{tot}(gamma* p) - an update
• Tidal Disruption Flares as the Source of Ultra-high Energy Cosmic Rays
• High-energy neutrinos from fallback accretion of binary neutron star merger remnants
• Superheavy Dark Matter and ANITA's Anomalous Events
• Ultrahigh-Energy Cosmic Rays from the "En Caul" Birth of Magnetars
• Erratum: A Comprehensive Approach to Tau-Lepton Production by High-Energy Tau Neutrinos Propagating Through Earth [Phys. Rev. D 97, 023021 (2018), arXiv:1707.00334]
• High-Energy Neutrino Signatures of Newborn Pulsars In the Local Universe
• Limits on electromagnetic counterparts of gravitational wave-detected binary black hole mergers
• Ultra-high Energy Cosmic Rays and Neutrinos from Gamma-Ray Bursts, Hypernovae and Galactic Shocks
• Looking at the axionic dark sector with ANITA
• Circumbinary discs around merging stellar-mass black holes
• Possible role of magnetic reconnection in the electromagnetic counterpart of binary black hole merger
• The ANITA Anomalous Events as Signatures of a Beyond Standard Model Particle, and Supporting Observations from IceCube
• Neutrino lighthouse powered by Sagittarius A* disk dynamo
• Observation of UHE Neutrinos from Outer Space
• Extragalactic ultra high energy cosmic rays, I. Contribution from hot spots in FR-II galaxies
• Search for Ultra-High-Energy Neutrinos with the Telescope Array Surface Detector
• Sensitivity of top-of-the-mountain fluorescence telescope system for astrophysical neutrino flux above 10 PeV
• Expected Performance of a Neutrino Telescope for Seeing AGN/GC Behind a Mountain
• Optimization of the Orbiting Wide-angle Light Collectors (OWL) Mission for Charged-Particle and Neutrino Astronomy
• Measurement of the Diffuse Astrophysical Muon-Neutrino Spectrum with Ten Years of IceCube Data
• Early-type galaxies in the SDSS
• Geometrical Constraints of Observing Very High Energy Earth-Skimming Neutrinos from Space
• IceCube as a Multi-messenger Follow-up Observatory for Astrophysical Transients

Cited by in corpus (36)

• Ultra-High-Energy Cosmic Rays: The Intersection of the Cosmic and Energy Frontiers
• The Payload for Ultrahigh Energy Observations (PUEO): A White Paper
• Snowmass White Paper: Beyond the Standard Model effects on Neutrino Flavor
• Tau Neutrinos in the Next Decade: from GeV to EeV
• Modeling of the Tau and Muon Neutrino-induced Optical Cherenkov Signals from Upward-moving Extensive Air Showers
• EUSO-SPB1 Mission and Science
• Performance and science reach of POEMMA for ultrahigh-energy particles
• High-energy neutrinos from fallback accretion of binary neutron star merger remnants
• Design and Initial Performance of the Prototype for the BEACON Instrument for Detection of Ultrahigh Energy Particles
• Science and mission status of EUSO-SPB2
• The POEMMA (Probe of Extreme Multi-Messenger Astrophysics) Observatory
• Orbital decay of double white dwarfs: beyond gravitational wave radiation effects
• Neutrino propagation in the Earth and emerging charged leptons with $\text{nuPyProp}$
• The origin of very-high-energy gamma-rays from GRB 221009A: implications for reverse shock proton synchrotron emission
• POEMMA (Probe of Extreme Multi-Messenger Astrophysics) design
• Tau Appearance from High-Energy Neutrino Interactions
• Ultrahigh-energy neutrinos as a probe of espresso-shear acceleration in jets of Centaurus A
• Multi-messenger detection prospects of gamma-ray burst afterglows with optical jumps
• Overview of the EUSO-SPB2 Target of Opportunity program using the Cherenkov Telescope
• Space-based Extensive Air Shower Optical Cherenkov and Fluorescence Measurements using SiPM Detectors in context of POEMMA
• Probing gamma-ray bursts observed at very high energies through their afterglow
• Revisiting X-ray Afterglows of Jetted Tidal Disruption Events with the External Reverse Shock
• Probing UHECR production in Centaurus A using secondary neutrinos and gamma-rays
• Neutrino Target-of-Opportunity Sky Coverage and Scheduler for EUSO-SPB2
• An Accretion Flare Interpretation for the Ultra-High-Energy Neutrino Event KM3-230213A
• TeV afterglow from GRB 221009A: photohadronic origin?
• Sensitivity of BEACON to Ultra-High Energy Diffuse and Transient Neutrinos
• Indirect dark matter searches at ultrahigh energy neutrino detectors
• Modeling the Optical Cherenkov Signals by Cosmic Ray Extensive Air Showers Directly Observed from Sub-Orbital and Orbital Altitudes
• A New Particle Pusher with Hadronic Interactions for Modeling Multimessenger Emission from Compact Objects
• Snowmass 2021 Letter of Interest: The Probe Of Multi-Messenger Astrophysics (POEMMA)
• Sensitivity to Atypical Tau Initiated Air Showers For a High-Altitude Optical Cherenkov Detector
• A new calculation of Earth-skimming very- and ultra-high energy tau neutrinos
• The Sensitivity of PUEO to Cosmogenic Neutrinos and Exotic Physics Scenarios
• POEMMA-Balloon with Radio: A multi-messenger, multi-detector balloon payload
• Recent advances on multimessenger astrophysics: Centaurus A, GW 170817, and KM3-230213A