The Giant Radio Array for Neutrino Detection (GRAND): Science and Design

Abstract

The Giant Radio Array for Neutrino Detection (GRAND) is a planned large-scale observatory of ultra-high-energy (UHE) cosmic particles, with energies exceeding 10^8 GeV. Its goal is to solve the long-standing mystery of the origin of UHE cosmic rays. To do this, GRAND will detect an unprecedented number of UHE cosmic rays and search for the undiscovered UHE neutrinos and gamma rays associated to them with unmatched sensitivity. GRAND will use large arrays of antennas to detect the radio emission coming from extensive air showers initiated by UHE particles in the atmosphere. Its design is modular: 20 separate, independent sub-arrays, each of 10 000 radio antennas deployed over 10 000 km^2. A staged construction plan will validate key detection techniques while achieving important science goals early. Here we present the science goals, detection strategy, preliminary design, performance goals, and construction plans for GRAND.

arXiv comment45 pages, 34 figures. Matches published version

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• Searching for beyond-Standard-Model solar neutrino interactions using directional detectors
• Neutrinos from extreme astrophysical sources
• Detecting ultra-high-energy cosmic rays with prototypes of the Fluorescence detector Array of Single-pixel Telescopes (FAST) in both hemispheres
• Radio Detection of Ultra-high Energy Cosmic Rays with Low Lunar Orbiting SmallSats
• News from Cosmic Ray Air Showers (ICRC 2019 -- Cosmic Ray Indirect Rapport)
• Recent advances on multimessenger astrophysics: Centaurus A, GW 170817, and KM3-230213A
• High-Energy Neutrinos from Cosmic-Ray Scatterings with Supernova Neutrinos
• Validation of straight-line signal propagation for radio signal of very inclined cosmic ray air showers
• Double Bangs at IceCube as a Window to the Neutrino Mass Origin
• Particle Astrophysics with High and Ultrahigh Energy Neutrinos
• A Unified Framework for 10 TeV to EeV Diffuse Neutrino Sky and KM3-230213A
• Lorentz symmetry and high-energy neutrino astronomy
• High-Energy Neutrino Production in Clusters of Galaxies
• Alouette: Yet another encapsulated TAUOLA, but revertible
• Neutrino anisotropy as a probe of extreme astrophysical accelerators
• Current constraints from cosmogenic neutrinos on the fraction of protons in UHECRs
• Constraining self-interacting ultrahigh-energy muon neutrinos by cosmic microwave background spectral distortion
• A new calculation of Earth-skimming very- and ultra-high energy tau neutrinos
• Gamma rays as leptonic portals to energetic neutrinos: a new Monte Carlo approach