KASCADE-Grande measurements of energy spectra for elemental groups of cosmic rays

Abstract

The KASCADE-Grande air shower experiment [W. Apel, et al. (KASCADE-Grande collaboration), Nucl. Instrum. Methods A 620 (2010) 202] consists of, among others, a large scintillator array for measurements of charged particles, Nch, and of an array of shielded scintillation counters used for muon counting, Nmu. KASCADE-Grande is optimized for cosmic ray measurements in the energy range 10 PeV to about 2000 PeV, where exploring the composition is of fundamental importance for understanding the transition from galactic to extragalactic origin of cosmic rays. Following earlier studies of the all-particle and the elemental spectra reconstructed in the knee energy range from KASCADE data [T. Antoni, et al. (KASCADE collaboration), Astropart. Phys. 24 (2005) 1], we have now extended these measurements to beyond 200 PeV. By analysing the two-dimensional shower size spectrum Nch vs. Nmu for nearly vertical events, we reconstruct the energy spectra of different mass groups by means of unfolding methods over an energy range where the detector is fully efficient. The procedure and its results, which are derived based on the hadronic interaction model QGSJET-II-02 and which yield a strong indication for a dominance of heavy mass groups in the covered energy range and for a knee-like structure in the iron spectrum at around 80 PeV, are presented. This confirms and further refines the results obtained by other analyses of KASCADE-Grande data, which already gave evidence for a knee-like structure in the heavy component of cosmic rays at about 80 PeV [W. Apel, et al. (KASCADE-Grande collaboration), Phys. Rev. Lett. 107 (2011) 171104].

Accepted for publication in Astropart. Phys. (2013)

References in corpus (5)

• KASCADE-Grande measurements of energy spectra for elemental groups of cosmic rays
• The spectrum of high-energy cosmic rays measured with KASCADE-Grande
• Ankle-like Feature in the Energy Spectrum of Light Elements of Cosmic Rays Observed with KASCADE-Grande
• A theory of Cosmic Rays
• KASCADE-Grande measurements of energy spectra for elemental groups of cosmic rays

Cited by in corpus (101)

• Long-Lived Particles at the Energy Frontier: The MATHUSLA Physics Case
• The Giant Radio Array for Neutrino Detection (GRAND): Science and Design
• The microphysics of collisionless shock waves
• KASCADE-Grande measurements of energy spectra for elemental groups of cosmic rays
• Probing the Galactic Origin of the IceCube Excess with Gamma-Rays
• Open Questions in Cosmic-Ray Research at Ultrahigh Energies
• Radio detection of Cosmic-Ray Air Showers and High-Energy Neutrinos
• The gamma-ray and neutrino sky: A consistent picture of Fermi-LAT, Milagro, and IceCube results
• Cosmic Neutrino Pevatrons: A Brand New Pathway to Astronomy, Astrophysics, and Particle Physics
• Linking High-Energy Cosmic Particles by Black-Hole Jets Embedded in Large-Scale Structures
• Measurement of ultra-high-energy diffuse gamma-ray emission of the Galactic plane from 10 TeV to 1 PeV with LHAASO-KM2A
• The Knee of the Cosmic Hydrogen and Helium Spectrum below 1 PeV Measured by ARGO-YBJ and a Cherenkov Telescope of LHAASO
• The Cosmic-Ray Energy Spectrum between 2 PeV and 2 EeV Observed with the TALE detector in monocular mode
• The energy spectrum of cosmic rays beyond the turn-down around $10^{17}$ eV as measured with the surface detector of the Pierre Auger Observatory
• Signatures of a two million year old supernova in the spectra of cosmic ray protons, antiprotons and positrons
• Galactic Neutrinos in the TeV to PeV Range
• Joint constraints on Galactic diffuse neutrino emission from ANTARES and IceCube
• Diffuse cosmic rays shining in the Galactic center: A novel interpretation of H.E.S.S. and Fermi-LAT gamma-ray data
• Characterization of the Atmospheric Muon Flux in IceCube
• Anisotropies of ultra-high energy cosmic rays diffusing from extragalactic sources
• Neutrinos in IceCube from AGN's
• Type IIn supernovae as sources of high energy astrophysical neutrinos
• Pinning down the cosmic ray source mechanism with new IceCube data
• Cosmic Ray Models
• Escape model for Galactic cosmic rays and an early extragalactic transition
• The shape of the cosmic ray proton spectrum
• Progress in high-energy cosmic ray physics
• Probing the evolution of the EAS muon content in the atmosphere with KASCADE-Grande
• ASTRI Mini-Array Core Science at the Observatorio del Teide
• New Constraints on all flavour Galactic diffuse neutrino emission with the ANTARES telescope
• Probing heavy dark matter decays with multi-messenger astrophysical data
• Massive star cluster origin for the galactic cosmic ray population at very-high energies
• A minimal model for extragalactic cosmic rays and neutrinos
• Neutrino yield from Galactic cosmic rays
• Explaining the Spectra of Cosmic Ray Groups above the Knee by Escape from the Galaxy
• Galactic diffuse gamma rays meet the PeV frontier
• Indication of nearby source signatures of cosmic rays from energy spectra and anisotropies
• High-energy neutrinos from sources in clusters of galaxies
• Unified model for cosmic rays above $10^{17}$ eV and the diffuse gamma-ray and neutrino backgrounds
• Density of GeV muons in air showers measured with IceTop
• Multi-PeV Signals from a New Astrophysical Neutrino Flux Beyond the Glashow Resonance
• PeV emission of the Crab Nebula: constraints on the proton content in pulsar wind and implications
• Diffusion of cosmic rays at EeV energies in inhomogeneous extragalactic magnetic fields
• Anisotropies of different mass compositions of cosmic rays
• Galactic diffuse gamma-ray emission from GeV to PeV energies in light of up-to-date cosmic ray measurements
• On the non-thermal electron-to-proton ratio at cosmic acceleration sites
• Where are Milky Way's Hadronic PeVatrons?
• Implications on the origin of cosmic rays in light of 10 TV spectral softenings
• Magnetically Arrested Disks in Quiescent Black-Hole Binaries: Formation Scenario, Observable Signatures, and Potential PeVatrons
• Cosmic Ray Origin: Lessons from Ultra-High-Energy Cosmic Rays and the Galactic/Extragalactic Transition
• Vela as the Source of Galactic Cosmic Rays above 100 TeV
• Evidence of 100 TeV $\gamma$-ray emission from HESS J1702-420: A new PeVatron candidate
• Super-Knee Cosmic Rays from Galactic Neutron Star Merger Remnants
• Extragalactic cosmic rays diffusing from two populations of sources
• Spectral features in the cosmic ray fluxes
• Pion decay model of TIBET-AS$\gamma$ PeV gamma-ray signal
• Galactic gamma-ray and neutrino emission from interacting cosmic-ray nuclei
• High-energy neutrinos from cosmic ray interactions in the Local Bubble
• Cosmic ray composition measurements and cosmic ray background free gamma-ray observations with Cherenkov telescopes
• Fluxes of diffuse gamma rays and neutrinos from cosmic-ray interactions with circumgalactic gas
• On the knee of Galactic cosmic rays in light of sub-TeV spectral hardenings
• Probing the galactic cosmic-ray density with current and future $\gamma$-ray instruments
• Six observations consistent with the electron neutrino being a tachyon with mass: $m_{{\nu }_e}^2=-0.11\pm 0.016e{V}^2$
• Precise measurements of the cosmic ray proton energy spectrum in the "knee'' region
• High-Energy Galactic Cosmic Rays (Astro2020 Science White Paper)
• The rise of muon content in extensive air showers after the 3 PeV knee of the primary cosmic ray spectrum according to data of the Tien Shan mountain installation
• The CaloCube calorimeter for high-energy cosmic-ray measurements in space: performance of a large-scale prototype
• Selected Topics in Cosmic Ray Physics
• Energy spectra of elemental groups of cosmic rays with the KASCADE experiment data and machine learning
• Quantum gravity phenomenology at the dawn of the multi-messenger era -- A review
• Identifying Galactic Sources of High-Energy Neutrinos
• On the prompt contribution to the atmospheric neutrino flux
• High-Energy Neutrino Emission from Espresso-Reaccelerated Ions in Jets of Active Galactic Nuclei
• Microquasar jet-cocoon systems as PeVatrons
• Imprints of PeV cosmic-ray sources on the diffuse gamma-ray emission
• Setting an upper limit for the total TeV neutrino flux from the disk of our Galaxy
• One-point fluctuation analysis of IceCube neutrino events outlines a significant unassociated isotropic component and constrains the Galactic contribution
• Interpretation of astrophysical neutrinos observed by IceCube experiment by setting Galactic and extra-Galactic spectral components
• Large-scale anisotropy of Galactic cosmic rays as a probe of local cosmic-ray propagation
• Interpreting the GeV-TeV Gamma-Ray Spectra of Local Giant Molecular Clouds using GEANT4 Simulation
• Tunka Advanced Instrument for cosmic rays and Gamma Astronomy
• High-energy emissions from neutron star mergers
• Signatures of anisotropic diffusion around PeVatrons in 100 TeV gamma-ray data
• Methods of machine learning for the analysis of cosmic rays mass composition with the KASCADE experiment data
• Multi-messenger Implications of Sub-PeV Diffuse Galactic Gamma-Ray Emission
• Detection of Cosmic Rays from ground: an Introduction
• Massive Star Clusters as sources of high-energy gamma radiation
• Particle Spectra and Mass Composition in the Ultra-High Energy Region in the Framework of the Galactic Origin of Cosmic Rays
• LHAASO Galactic Plane $\gamma$-rays Strongly Constrain Heavy Dark Matter
• The Physics of UHECRs: Spectra, Composition and the Transition Galactic-Extragalactic
• Study of Dispersion of Mass Distribution of Ultra-High Energy Cosmic Rays using a Surface Array of Muon and Electromagnetic Detectors
• Simulation study of the correlation ($X_{max}^{\mu }$, $N^{\mu }$) in view of obtaining information on primary mass of the UHECRs
• A Hierarchical Shock Model of Ultra-High-Energy Cosmic Rays
• Cosmic-Ray Mass Composition around the Knee via Principal Component Analysis
• High-Energy Neutrino Production in Clusters of Galaxies
• Joint constraint on the propagation origin of the cosmic-ray spectral knee from energy spectrum and anisotropy observations
• Constraining the position of the knee in the galactic cosmic ray spectrum with ultra-high-energy diffuse $\gamma$-rays
• Penetrating component in cosmic rays
• Interpreting the LHAASO Galactic diffuse emission data
• Gamma-ray and neutrino diffuse emissions of the Galaxy above the TeV
• Composition from high $p_{\mathrm{T}}$ muons in IceCube