Cosmic Neutrino Pevatrons: A Brand New Pathway to Astronomy, Astrophysics, and Particle Physics

Abstract

The announcement by the IceCube Collaboration of the observation of 28 cosmic neutrino candidates has been greeted with a great deal of justified excitement. The data reported so far depart by 4.3σfrom the expected atmospheric neutrino background, which raises the obvious question: "Where in the Cosmos are these neutrinos coming from?" We review the many possibilities which have been explored in the literature to address this question, including origins at either Galactic or extragalactic celestial objects. For completeness, we also briefly discuss new physics processes which may either explain or be constrained by IceCube data.

This is a review article solicited for the inaugural edition of Journal of High Energy Astrophysics (JHEAp). Matching version accepted for publication

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• All-sky search for time-integrated neutrino emission from astrophysical sources with 7 years of IceCube data
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• Extending the search for muon neutrinos coincident with gamma-ray bursts in IceCube data
• The nature of the Diffuse Gamma-Ray Background
• Probing BSM Neutrino Physics with Flavor and Spectral Distortions: Prospects for Future High-Energy Neutrino Telescopes
• Extracting the Energy-Dependent Neutrino-Nucleon Cross Section Above 10 TeV Using IceCube Showers
• Neutrino Telescopes as QCD Microscopes
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• Testing decay of astrophysical neutrinos with incomplete information
• Spectral analysis of the high-energy IceCube neutrinos
• IceCube events and decaying dark matter: hints and constraints
• Galactic Neutrinos in the TeV to PeV Range
• Precision determination of the small-$x$ gluon from charm production at LHCb
• Invisible Neutrino Decay Resolves IceCube's Track and Cascade Tension
• Structured jets in BL Lac objects: efficient PeV neutrino factories?
• A Comprehensive Approach to Tau-Lepton Production by High-Energy Tau Neutrinos Propagating Through Earth
• Inspecting the supernova gamma-ray burst connection with high-energy neutrinos
• Indirect Detection Analysis: Wino Dark Matter Case Study
• Search for Astrophysical Tau Neutrinos in Three Years of IceCube Data
• The prompt atmospheric neutrino flux in the light of LHCb
• Inferring the flavor of high-energy astrophysical neutrinos at their sources
• A Possible Two-component Flux for the High Energy Neutrino Events at IceCube
• Neutrinos in IceCube from AGN's
• The Hunt for Pevatrons: The Case of Supernova Remnants
• The Future of High-Energy Astrophysical Neutrino Flavor Measurements
• High-energy gamma-ray and neutrino backgrounds from clusters of galaxies and radio constraints
• What IceCube data tell us about neutrino emission from star-forming galaxies (so far)
• Glashow resonance as a window into cosmic neutrino sources
• CνB absorption line in the neutrino spectrum at IceCube
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• Analysis of the 4-year IceCube high-energy starting events
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• Evidence for a break in the spectrum of astrophysical neutrinos
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• Where are Milky Way's Hadronic PeVatrons?
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• Using Neutrino Oscillations to Measure $H_0$?
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