First observation of PeV-energy neutrinos with IceCube

Abstract

We report on the observation of two neutrino-induced events which have an estimated deposited energy in the IceCube detector of 1.04 $\pm$ 0.16 and 1.14 $\pm$ 0.17 PeV, respectively, the highest neutrino energies observed so far. These events are consistent with fully contained particle showers induced by neutral-current ${\nu }_{e,\mu ,\tau }$ (${\bar{\nu }}_{e,\mu ,\tau }$) or charged-current ${\nu }_e$ (${\bar{\nu }}_e$) interactions within the IceCube detector. The events were discovered in a search for ultra-high energy neutrinos using data corresponding to 615.9 days effective livetime. The expected number of atmospheric background is $0.082\pm 0.004{\text{(stat)}}_{-0.057}^{+0.041}\text{(syst)}$. The probability to observe two or more candidate events under the atmospheric background-only hypothesis is $2.9\times 10^{-3}$ ($2.8\sigma$) taking into account the uncertainty on the expected number of background events. These two events could be a first indication of an astrophysical neutrino flux, the moderate significance, however, does not permit a definitive conclusion at this time.

7 pages, 5 figures, 1 table, accepted for publication in Physical Review Letters

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• Diffuse axion-like particle searches
• Pinpointing the knee of cosmic rays with diffuse PeV gamma-rays and neutrinos
• Improved measurements of the TeV-PeV extragalactic neutrino spectrum from joint analyses of IceCube tracks and cascades
• Quantum gravity phenomenology at the dawn of the multi-messenger era -- A review
• AGN outflows as neutrino sources: an observational test
• Decay of superluminal neutrinos in the collinear approximation
• High-energy neutrinos from choked-jet supernovae: Searches and implications
• Time-delayed neutrino emission from supernovae as a probe of dark matter-neutrino interactions
• Signals of a New Gauge Boson from IceCube and Muon $g-2$
• High-energy neutrino emission associated with gravitational-wave signals: effects of cocoon photons and constraints on late-time emission
• Estimates of the cosmic gamma-ray flux at PeV to EeV energies from the EAS-MSU experiment data
• Estimating non-linear QCD effects in ultrahigh energy neutrino events at IceCube
• Establishing the astrophysical origin of a signal in a neutrino telescope
• A New Method for Finding Point Sources in High-energy Neutrino Data
• Can FSRQs produce the IceCube detected diffuse neutrino emission?
• Constraining the contribution of Seyfert galaxies to the diffuse neutrino flux in light of point source observations
• Lepton-pair Cerenkov radiation emitted by tachyonic neutrinos: Lorentz-covariant approach and IceCube data
• Lower Bound on the Cosmic TeV Gamma-ray Background Radiation
• Matter effects on the flavor conversions of solar neutrinos and high-energy astrophysical neutrinos
• Investigating the effects of the QCD dynamics in the neutrino absorption by the Earth's interior at ultrahigh energies
• Cosmic rays, neutrinos and GeV-TeV gamma rays from Starburst Galaxy NGC 4945
• Ultra-high energy neutrinos from high-redshift electromagnetic cascades
• Calculation of the Decay Rate of Tachyonic Neutrinos against Charged-Lepton-Pair and Neutrino-Pair Cerenkov Radiation
• Searching for PeV neutrinos from photomeson interactions in magnetars
• On the prompt contribution to the atmospheric neutrino flux
• Constraints on cosmic ray loading and PeV neutrino production in blazars
• The spectrum and flavor composition of the astrophysical neutrinos in IceCube
• Ultrahigh-energy neutrino searches using next-generation gravitational wave detectors at radio neutrino detectors: GRAND, IceCube-Gen2 Radio, and RNO-G
• High-Energy Neutrino Astronomy: A Glimpse of the Promised Land
• Star-forming galaxies as the origin of IceCube neutrinos: Reconciliation with Fermi-LAT gamma rays
• Spatial and temporal structure of EAS reflected Cherenkov light signal
• Cosmological singlet diagnostics of neutrinophilic dark matter
• Constraints on the Ultra-High Energy Neutrino Flux from Gamma-Ray Bursts from a Prototype Station of the Askaryan Radio Array
• Constraining the Mass Scale of a Lorentz-Violating Hamiltonian with the Measurement of Astrophysical Neutrino-Flavor Composition
• High-Energy Neutrino Fluxes from Hard-TeV BL Lacs
• Detection of the Crab Nebula using a Random Forest Analysis of the first TAIGA IACT Data
• Supergravity Model of Inflation and Explaining IceCube HESE Data via PeV Dark Matter Decay
• Early Decay of Peccei-Quinn Fermion and the IceCube Neutrino Events
• Squeezing the Parameter Space for Lorentz Violation in the Neutrino Sector by Additional Decay Channels
• Recent Highlights from IceCube
• Gamma-Rays from Star Forming Activity Appear to Outshine Misaligned Active Galactic Nuclei
• Vanishing dimensions: Review
• Secondary Radio and X-ray Emissions from Galaxy Mergers
• Constraints on $N_{\mathrm{eff}}$ of high energy non-thermal neutrino injections upto $z\sim 10^8$ from CMB spectral distortions and abundance of light elements
• Light curves of BSM-induced neutrino echoes in the optically-thin limit
• High-energy neutrino constraints on cosmic-ray re-acceleration in radio halos of massive galaxy clusters
• Two-detector flavor sensitivity to ultra-high-energy cosmic neutrinos
• Phenomenology of Colored Radiative Neutrino Mass Model and Its Implications on the Cosmic-ray Observations
• On the radiation energy density in the jet of high-energy emitting BL Lac objects and its impact on their multi-messenger role
• Common envelope jets supernova with thermonuclear outburst progenitor for the enigmatic supernova remnant W49B
• Detecting High-Energy Neutrinos from Galactic Supernovae with ATLAS
• On the use of energy loss mechanisms to constrain Lorentz invariance violations
• PeV neutrinos from wind breakouts of type II supernovae
• Ultra High Energy Neutrinos: Absorption, Thermal Effects and Signatures
• A study of neutral particle decay in magnetic field with the "Worldline Instanton" approach
• Medium-band observation of the neutrino emitting blazar, TXS 0506+056
• The Flavour Composition of the High-Energy IceCube Neutrinos
• On the Origin and Nature of Dark Matter
• Large Scale Anisotropy of Cosmic Rays and Directional Neutrino Signals from Galactic Sources
• Observing the inner parsec-scale region of candidate neutrino-emitting blazars
• Energy-dependent flavor ratios, cascade/track spectrum tension and high-energy neutrinos from magnetospheres of supermassive black holes
• Explaining the PeV Neutrino Fluxes at KM3NeT and IceCube with Quasi-Extremal Primordial Black Holes
• Prospects of Probing the Radio Emission of Lunar UHECRv Events
• The Observation of High-Energy Neutrinos from the Cosmos: Lessons Learned for Multimessenger Astronomy
• Testing unified models for the origin of ultrahigh-energy cosmic rays and neutrinos: Multimessenger approaches with x-ray observations
• Using Circular Polarisation to Test the Composition and Dynamics of Astrophysical Particle Accelerators
• Constraining the pseudo-Dirac nature of neutrinos using astrophysical neutrino flavor data
• Violation of Equivalence Principle in Neutrino Sector: Probing the Extended Parameter Space
• Equations for massless and massive spin-1/2 particles with varying speed and neutrino in matter
• Neutrino Physics Now and in the Near Future
• Probing new physics with high-multiplicity events: UHE neutrinos at air-shower detector arrays
• High-Energy Neutrino Astronomy: where do we stand, where do we go?
• IceCube - status and recent results
• Extremal Kerr white holes as a source of ultra high energy particles
• Neutrino Self-Interactions
• Deciphering the Sources of Cosmic Neutrinos
• A test of spatial coincidence between CHIME FRBs and IceCube TeV energy neutrinos
• Cross-correlating IceCube neutrinos with a large set of galaxy samples around redshift z ~ 1
• Probes for String-Inspired Foam, Lorentz, and CPT Violations in Astrophysics
• Energy-dependent flavour ratios in neutrino telescopes from charm
• New IceCube data and color octet neutrino interpretation of the PeV energy events
• Search for neutrino doublets and triplets using 11.4 years of IceCube data
• Hillas meets Eddington: The case for blazars as ultra-high-energy neutrino sources
• Analyzing the gamma-ray activity of neutrino emitter candidates: comparing TXS 0506+056 with other blazars
• Cosmic Neutrinos as a Window to Departures from Special Relativity
• Dark Matter Annihilation and Decay Searches with the High Altitude Water Cherenkov (HAWC) Observatory
• Newly born extragalactic millisecond pulsars as efficient emitters of PeV neutrinos
• Neutrino emission from FRB-emitting magnetars
• Color octet neutrino as the source of the IceCube PeV energy neutrino events
• Efficiency of Centrifugal Mechanism in Producing PeV Neutrinos From Active Galactic Nuclei
• Geometrical Constraints of Observing Very High Energy Earth-Skimming Neutrinos from Space
• Effects of Annihilation with Low-Energy Neutrinos on High-Energy Neutrinos from Binary Neutron Star Mergers and Rare Core-Collapse Supernovae
• First Search for High-Energy Neutrino Emission from Galaxy Mergers
• Report from the Multi-Messenger Working Group at UHECR-2014 Conference
• Sensitivities of KM3NeT on decaying dark matter
• Multi-messenger Implications of Sub-PeV Diffuse Galactic Gamma-Ray Emission
• Signatures of secondary acceleration in neutrino flares
• Invisible decays of ultra-high energy neutrinos
• Observational strategies for ultrahigh-energy neutrinos: the importance of deep sensitivity for detection and astronomy
• On the angular distribution of IceCube high-energy events
• Multi-messenger Astronomy with Quenched Superradiance
• Probing Lorentz invariance with a high-energy neutrino flare
• Reconciling LSND and super-Kamiokande data through the dynamical Lorentz symmetry breaking in a four-Majorana fermion model
• Constraining the production of cosmic rays by pulsars
• A trial to understand the supersymmetry relations through extension of the second quantized fermion and boson fields, either to strings or to odd dimensional spaces
• Effects of non-standard interaction on microscopic black holes from ultra-high energy neutrinos
• Multi-Messenger Connections among High-Energy Cosmic Particles
• Carpet results on astrophysical gamma rays above 100 TeV
• Coulomb Corrections to the Parameters of the Landau-Pomeranchuk-Migdal Effect Theory and its Analogue
• Multi-messenger emission from the parsec-scale jet of the flat-spectrum radio quasar PKS 1502+106 coincident with high-energy neutrino IceCube-190730A
• Summary of the Nobel Symposium on LHC Results
• Model-independent search for neutrino sources with the ANTARES neutrino telescope
• Neutrino Decoherence via Modified Dispersion
• Neutrino Astronomy (Rapporteur Talk)
• The traveling-PWN modeling attempt on the enigmatic LHAASO dumbbell-like structure
• Impact of multi-messenger spectral modelling on blazar-neutrino associations
• Complex Analysis of Askaryan Radiation: UHE-$\nu$ Identification and Reconstruction using the Hilbert Envelope of Observed Signals
• Multimessenger Characterization of High-Energy Neutrino Emission from the Brightest Neutrino-Active Galactic Nuclei
• Neutrinos from extreme astrophysical sources
• Astrophysical constraints on the simulation hypothesis for this Universe: why it is (nearly) impossible that we live in a simulation
• Observe Gamma-Rays and Neutrinos Associated with Ultra-High Energy Cosmic Rays
• Flavor Matters, but Matter Flavors: Matter Effects on Flavor Composition of Astrophysical Neutrinos
• Gravitational Waves and Neutrinos
• Effects of new physics in neutrino propagation
• Ongoing magnetic monopole searches with IceCube
• Optimizing the hunt for extraterrestrial high-energy neutrino counterparts
• The Forward Physics Facility at the High-Luminosity LHC
• Particle Reacceleration by Turbulence and Radio Constraints on Multi-Messenger High-Energy Emission from the Coma Cluster
• Ultra-high energy cosmic rays and the extragalactic gamma ray flux
• Neutrino Pair Cerenkov Radiation for Tachyonic Neutrinos
• Probing the Glashow resonance at electron-positron colliders
• Summary of Parallel Session: "Relativistic and Particle Astrophysics"
• Probing New Physics From TXS 0506+056 Blazar Neutrinos
• Gamma-ray and neutrino diffuse emissions of the Galaxy above the TeV
• Galactic sources of high energy neutrinos: Expectation from gamma-ray data
• No guaranteed neutrino astronomy without (enough) double bang tau and downward HESE muon tracks: An update version
• The Anisotropies and Origins of Ultrahigh Energy Cosmic Rays
• Neutrinos and strong interactions: QCD (and beyond?)
• Extragalactic Searches for Dark Matter Annihilation
• Very High Energy Antineutrinos from Photo-disintegration of Cosmic Ray Nuclei
• Neutrino-Induced Polarization Rotation in Active Galactic Nuclei Plasmas
• Search for high-energy neutrinos from dust obscured Blazars
• IceCube at the Threshold
• Particle Astrophysics with High and Ultrahigh Energy Neutrinos
• Neutrino Astronomy at High Energies - An Experimental Review
• Diffuse gamma-ray emission from the Galactic center and implications of its past activities
• Probing a cosmogenic origin of astrophysical neutrinos and cosmic rays using gamma-ray observations of TXS 0506+056
• High-Energy Neutrino Production in Clusters of Galaxies