Ultra-high energy neutrinos from high-redshift electromagnetic cascades

Abstract

We study the impact of the muon pair production and double pair production processes induced by ultra-high energy photons on the cosmic microwave background. Although the muon pair production cross section is smaller than the electron pair production one, the associated energy loss length is comparable or shorter than the latter (followed by inverse Compton in the deep Klein-Nishina regime) at high-redshift, where the effect of the astrophysical radio background is expected to be negligible. By performing a simulation taking into account the details of $e/\gamma$ interactions at high energies, we show that a significant fraction of the electromagnetic energy injected at $E\gtrsim 10^{19}$eV at redshift $z\gtrsim 5$ is channeled into neutrinos. The double pair production plays a crucial role in enhancing the multiplicity of muon production in these electromagnetic cascades. The ultra-high energy neutrino spectrum, yet to be detected, can in principle harbour information on ultra-high energy sources in the young universe, either conventional or exotic ones, with weaker constraints from the diffuse gamma ray flux compared to their low redshift counterparts.

9 pages, 6 figures; v2: few clarifications added, matches the version published in PRD

References in corpus (4)

• Characteristics of the diffuse astrophysical electron and tau neutrino flux with six years of IceCube high energy cascade data
• Detection of a particle shower at the Glashow resonance with IceCube
• Double Pair Production by Ultra High Energy Cosmic Ray Photons
• The Giant Radio Array for Neutrino Detection (GRAND): Present and Perspectives

Cited by in corpus (4)

• Probing superheavy dark matter through lunar radio observations of ultrahigh-energy neutrinos and the impacts of neutrino cascades
• Neutrinos from muon-rich ultra high energy electromagnetic cascades: The MUNHECA code
• Revisiting the propagation of highly-energetic gamma rays in the Galaxy
• Gamma rays as leptonic portals to energetic neutrinos: a new Monte Carlo approach