A proposed deep sea Neutrino Observatory in the Nanhai

Abstract

Over the past ten years, several breakthroughs have been made in multi-messenger astronomy. Thanks to the IceCube Neutrino Observatory, the detection of astrophysical neutrinos was proved to be practical. However, due to the limited statistics and field of view, only a few sources have been associated with IceCube neutrinos, making new and larger neutrino telescopes necessary. We propose the NEutrino Observatory in the Nanhai (NEON), located in the South China Sea to be complementary for the global neutrino detectors. This proposal describes the design and layout of the array and reports on comprehensive simulations conducted to assess its performance. The NEON project, with a volume of 10 km${}^3$, achieves an angular resolution of 0.1${}^{\circ }$ at 100 TeV. With 10 years of operation, the project's 5$\sigma$ sensitivity is estimated as $E^2\Phi \sim 2\times 10^{-10}$ GeV cm${}^{-2}$ s${}^{-1}$ for a source spectrum index of -2. We found that the variation in depth from 1700 to 3500 meters does not significantly influence the sensitivity to steady sources.

15 pages, 12 figures

References in corpus (25)

• GW170817: Observation of Gravitational Waves from a Binary Neutron Star Inspiral
• Detection of the Characteristic Pion-Decay Signature in Supernova Remnants
• IceCube-Gen2: The Window to the Extreme Universe
• Evidence for neutrino emission from the nearby active galaxy NGC 1068
• Time-integrated Neutrino Source Searches with 10 years of IceCube Data
• The IceCube high-energy starting event sample: Description and flux characterization with 7.5 years of data
• Observation of high-energy neutrinos from the Galactic plane
• The First LHAASO Catalog of Gamma-Ray Sources
• Improved Characterization of the Astrophysical Muon-Neutrino Flux with 9.5 Years of IceCube Data
• The Pacific Ocean Neutrino Experiment
• Peta-electron volt gamma-ray emission from the Crab Nebula
• Heating and Non-thermal Particle Acceleration in Relativistic, Transverse Magnetosonic Shock Waves in Proton-Electron-Positron Plasmas
• Arrival Directions of Cosmic Rays above 32 EeV from Phase One of the Pierre Auger Observatory
• Deep sea tests of a prototype of the KM3NeT digital optical module
• Characterization of the Astrophysical Diffuse Neutrino Flux using Starting Track Events in IceCube
• Limits on Neutrino Emission from GRB 221009A from MeV to PeV using the IceCube Neutrino Observatory
• Hint for a TeV neutrino emission from the Galactic Ridge with ANTARES
• IceCube Search for Neutrinos Coincident with Compact Binary Mergers from LIGO-Virgo's First Gravitational-Wave Transient Catalog
• IceCube search for neutrinos coincident with gravitational wave events from LIGO/Virgo run O3
• Calculation of the Cherenkov light yield from electromagnetic cascades in ice with Geant4
• Milky Way as a Neutrino Desert Revealed by IceCube Galactic Plane Observation
• Galactic Diffuse Neutrino Emission from Sources beyond the Discovery Horizon
• CORSIKA 8 - Towards a modern framework for the simulation of extensive air showers
• A Search for IceCube sub-TeV Neutrinos Correlated with Gravitational-Wave Events Detected By LIGO/Virgo
• Search for Continuous and Transient Neutrino Emission Associated with IceCube's Highest-Energy Tracks: An 11-Year Analysis

Cited by in corpus (6)

• The Science of the Einstein Telescope
• Beyond first light: Global monitoring for high-energy neutrino astronomy
• Multimessenger Emission from Very-High-Energy Black Hole-Jet Systems in the Milky Way
• Excess of diffuse gamma-ray emission detected from the galaxy cluster Abell 119 from 14-year Fermi-LAT Data
• Neutrino Physics and Astrophysics at Colliders
• Neutrino Astronomy at High Energies - An Experimental Review