Sensitivity Optimization for NV-Diamond Magnetometry

Abstract

Solid-state spin systems including nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers in diamond constitute an increasingly favored quantum sensing platform. However, present NV ensemble devices exhibit sensitivities orders of magnitude away from theoretical limits. The sensitivity shortfall both handicaps existing implementations and curtails the envisioned application space. This review analyzes present and proposed approaches to enhance the sensitivity of broadband ensemble-NV-diamond magnetometers. Improvements to the spin dephasing time, the readout fidelity, and the host diamond material properties are identified as the most promising avenues and are investigated extensively. Our analysis of sensitivity optimization establishes a foundation to stimulate development of new techniques for enhancing solid-state sensor performance.

73 pages, 36 figures, 17 tables

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• Optimal control of a quantum sensor: A fast algorithm based on an analytic solution
• Numerical Engineering of Robust Adiabatic Operations
• Measurements of the magnetic properties of conduction electrons
• Quantifying the performance of multi-pulse quantum sensing
• Photoinduced charge injection from shallow point defects in diamond into water
• Homogeneous Free-Standing Nanostructures from Bulk Diamond over Millimeter Scales for Quantum Technologies
• Electron-to-nuclear spectral mapping via "Galton board" dynamic nuclear polarization
• Coherent single-spin electron resonance spectroscopy manifested at an exceptional-point singularity in a doped polyacetylene
• Electron-spin double resonance of nitrogen-vacancy centers in diamond under strong driving field
• Nanodiamond quantum thermometry assisted with machine learning
• GPU-Accelerated Solution of the Bethe-Salpeter Equation for Large and Heterogeneous Systems
• Radiofrequency receiver based on isotropic solid-state spins
• Qubit guidelines for solid-state spin defects
• Infrared Vertical External Cavity Surface Emitting Laser Threshold Magnetometer
• Robust quantification of the diamond nitrogen-vacancy center charge state via photoluminescence spectroscopy
• Model-aware reinforcement learning for high-performance Bayesian experimental design in quantum metrology
• Mapping AC Susceptibility with Quantum Diamond Microscope
• Temperature selective thermometry with sub-microsecond time resolution using dressed-spin states in diamond
• Efficient and all-carbon electrical readout of a NV based quantum sensor
• Applications of model-aware reinforcement learning in Bayesian quantum metrology
• A strongly interacting, two-dimensional, dipolar spin ensemble in (111)-oriented diamond
• Quantum optimal control in quantum technologies. Strategic report on current status, visions and goals for research in Europe
• A compact, portable device for microscopic magnetic imaging based on diamond quantum sensors
• Microwave-free imaging magnetometry with nitrogen-vacancy centers in nanodiamonds at near-zero field
• Cavity-enhanced solid-state nuclear spin gyroscope
• Wideband Coherent Microwave Conversion via Magnon Nonlinearity in Hybrid Quantum System
• Imaging heat transport in suspended diamond nanostructures with integrated spin defect thermometers
• Nanoscale spin detection of copper ions using double electron-electron resonance at room temperature
• Attainability of the Holevo-Cramér-Rao bound for two-qubit 3D magnetometry
• Creation of NV centers in diamond under 155 MeV electron irradiation
• QuanEstimation.jl: An open-source Julia framework for quantum parameter estimation
• Radiative properties of rubidium atoms trapped in solid neon and parahydrogen
• Quantum spin probe of single charge dynamics
• Performance Evaluation of a Diamond Quantum Magnetometer for Biomagnetic Sensing: A Phantom Study
• On the creation of near-surface nitrogen-vacancy centre ensembles by implantation of type Ib diamond
• Enhancing precision of atomic clocks by tuning disorder in accessories
• Electric and spin current vortices in altermagnets
• Time-Irreversible Quantum-Classical Dynamics of Molecular Models in the Brain
• First-principles computational methods for quantum defects in two-dimensional materials: A perspective
• A Fully-integrated Diamond Nitrogen-Vacancy Magnetometer with Nanotesla Sensitivity
• Low frequency signal detection via correlated Ramsey measurements
• Many-electron system on helium and the color center spectroscopy
• Sensitivity-enhanced magnetometry using nitrogen-vacancy ensembles via adaptively complete transitions overlapping
• Quantum Metrology via Floquet-Engineered Two-axis Twisting and Turn Dynamics
• Low-field microwave-free sensors using dipolar spin relaxation of quartet spin states in silicon carbide
• Phased Geometric Controls of V-Shaped Three-Level System for Zero-field Quantum Sensing
• Optimization of the double electron-electron resonance for C-centers in diamond
• Stray magnetic field and stability of time-dependent viscous electron flow
• Endoscopic fiber-coupled diamond magnetometer for cancer surgery
• Interaction of Nitrogen-Vacancy Centers in Diamond with a Dense Ensemble of Carbon-13
• Characterizing the magnetic noise power spectrum of dark spins in diamond
• Magnetic Signature of Thermo-Electric Cardiac Dynamics
• Theory of Field-Angle-Resolved Magnetoacoustic Resonance in Spin-Triplet Systems for Application to Nitrogen-Vacancy Centers in Diamond
• Systematic characterization of nanoscale $h$-BN quantum sensor spots created by helium-ion microscopy
• A method of laser frequency stabilization based on the effect of linear dichroism in alkali metal vapors in a modulated transverse magnetic field
• Theory of Spin-Acoustic Resonance for Spin-3/2 Si Vacancy with $C_{3v}$ Site Symmetry in Silicon Carbide
• Continuously tracked, stable, large excursion trajectories of dipolar coupled nuclear spins
• Gyroscopically stabilized quantum spin rotors
• Parallel accelerated electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy using diamond sensors
• Quantum Sensing Using Atomic Clocks for Nuclear and Particle Physics
• Universal Reconstruction of Complex Magnetic Profiles with Minimum Prior Assumptions
• Dynamical nuclear polarization for dissipation-induced entanglement in NV centers
• Nitrogen-Vacancy Centers in Epitaxial Laterally Overgrown Diamond: Towards Up-scaling of Color Center-based Quantum Technologies
• Viscoelastic tensor and hydrodynamics of altermagnets
• Cooperation between coherent control and noises in quantum metrology
• Widefield quantum microscopy with nitrogen-vacancy centers in diamond: strengths, limitations, and prospects
• Diamond-defect engineering of NV- centers using ion beam irradiation
• Studying Critical Parameters of Superconductor via Diamond Quantum Sensors
• Low-temperature Quantum Metrology Enhanced by Strong Couplings
• High-contrast absorption magnetometry in the visible to near-infrared range with nitrogen-vacancy ensembles
• Twisted Nodal Superconductors
• Investigation and comparison of measurement schemes in the low frequency biosensing regime using solid-state defect centers
• Wavelet-based Ramsey magnetometry enhancement of a single NV center in diamond
• Dynamically Enhanced Two-Photon Spectroscopy
• Optimal microwave control pulse for nuclear spin polarization and readout in dense nitrogen-vacancy ensembles in diamond
• Spectrum analysis with parametrically modulated transmon qubits
• Long Rayleigh length confocal microscope: A fast evaluation tool for obtaining quantum properties of color centers
• Optically Coherent Nitrogen-Vacancy Centers in HPHT Treated Diamonds
• Persistent subradiant correlations in a random driven Dicke model
• Quantum estimation of tripartite coupling in Spin-Magnon-Mechanical Hybrid Systems
• Optimal optical polarization of nitrogen-vacancy center with arbitrary waveform pulse
• Quantum simulation of spin-1/2 XYZ model using solid-state spin centers
• Enhanced microscale NMR spectroscopy of low-gyromagnetic ratio nuclei via hydrogen transfer
• Creation of nitrogen-vacancy centers in chemical vapor deposition diamond for sensing applications
• Quantum Memory Enhanced Multipoint Correlation Spectroscopy for Statistically Polarized NMR
• Quantum decoherence of nitrogen-vacancy spin ensembles in a nitrogen spin bath in diamond under dynamical decoupling
• Room-temperature hybrid 2D-3D quantum spin system for enhanced magnetic sensing and many-body dynamics
• Enhanced sensitivity in microscale high-field NMR via nuclear-spin locking with NV centers
• Intrinsic and induced quantum quenches for enhancing qubit-based quantum noise spectroscopy
• Probing Complex Decoherence Processes in Materials for Quantum Applications
• Quantum Imaging of Ferromagnetic van der Waals Magnetic Domain Structures at Ambient Conditions
• Application of Optimal Control to Time-Resolution Protocol for Quantum Sensing
• Magnetometry with Broadband Microwave Fields in Nitrogen-Vacancy Centers in Diamond
• High-Scalability CMOS Quantum Magnetometer with Spin-State Excitation and Detection of Diamond Color Centers
• Temperature anomaly of the V${}_{S}i$ and V${}_C$ vacancy spin coherence time in 4H-SiC
• Time-optimal single-scalar control on a qubit of unitary dynamics
• Exploring the Spin Dynamics of a Room-Temperature Diamond Maser using an Extended rate Equation Model
• Sensing microscopic noise events by frequent quantum measurements
• Dispersive readout with two orthogonal modes of a dielectric cavity
• Creation of Depth-Confined, Shallow Nitrogen-Vacancy Centers in Diamond With Tunable Density
• Precision limit under weak coupling with an ancillary qubit
• High-Field EPR/ENDOR of N/Be Centers for Defect Engineering in 6H-SiC
• Engineering Nanodiamonds for Quantum Sensing: Material Constraints at the Nanoscale
• Efficient creation of shallow NV${}^{-}$ ensembles by high-angle ion implantation
• Physics-Constrained Compressed Sensing for Quantum Sensing in the Data-Starved Regime
• Irradiation-Induced Spin Bath Evolution and as-Grown Hydrogen Defects in CVD Diamond Revealed by NV-Based DEER Spectroscopy
• Spin-based magnetic detection of optically trapped single cell in microfluidic channel
• Towards Quantum Limited Spatial Resolution of NV-Diamond Magnetometry
• Testing the weak equivalence principle for nonclassical matter with torsion balances
• Gaussian quantum metrology in a dissipative environment
• Millimeter-scale rigid diamond probe for high sensitivity endoscopic-magnetometry applications
• Observation of hierarchy of Hilbert space ergodicities in the quantum dynamics of a single spin
• Microscale Sensing with Strongly Interacting NV Ensembles at High Fields
• Elastic Softening in Synthetic Diamonds
• Muonium as a probe of point defects in type-Ib diamond
• Overcoming frequency resolution limits using a solid-state spin quantum sensor
• Identifying optimal magnetic field configurations for decoherence mitigation of boron vacancies in hexagonal boron nitride
• Discrete time crystal for periodic-field sensing with quantum-enhanced precision
• Bias-field-free operation of nitrogen-vacancy ensembles in diamond for accurate vector magnetometry
• Photoconversion of shallow nitrogen-vacancy centers in flat and nanostructured diamond under high-power laser irradiation
• Intermediate Excited State Relaxation Dynamics of Boron Vacancy Spin Defects in Hexagonal Boron Nitride
• Materials and Spin Characteristics of Nanodiamonds Partially Covered with Amino Groups and Embedded with Nitrogen-Vacancy Color Centers
• All-Optical Photoluminescence Response of Nitrogen-Vacancy Ensembles in Diamond at Low Magnetic Fields
• Interplay between dressed and strong-axial-field states in Nitrogen-Vacancy centers for quantum sensing and computation
• Spin-Relaxation of Dipolar-Coupled Nitrogen-Vacancy Centers : The role of Double-flip Processes
• Probing the fluctuating magnetic field of Fe-triazole spin-crossover thin-layers with nitrogen-vacancy centers in diamond
• Nanodiamond Sensing of Stray Fields during Domain Reversal
• Efficiency of optimal control for noisy spin qubits in diamond
• Quantum Mechanics of an Abrikosov Vortex in Nanofabricated Pinning Potential
• Electrical Control for Extension of Ramsey Spin Coherence Time of Ion-Implanted Nitrogen Vacancy Centers in diamond
• Intrinsic Nernst Effect from Berry Curvature in Superconductors
• Harnessing the Diamond-Air Interface as an Efficient Photon Antenna for Solid-State Emitters
• Spin-spin interactions in solids from mixed all-electron and pseudopotential calculations $-$ a path to screening materials for spin qubits
• Robust gigahertz-range ac magnetometry with an ensemble of NV centers in diamond using concatenated continuous dynamical decoupling