Multiplexed sensing of magnetic field and temperature in real time using a nitrogen vacancy spin ensemble in diamond

Abstract

Nitrogen-Vacancy (NV) spin in diamond is a versatile quantum sensor, being able to measure physical quantities such as magnetic field, electric field, temperature, and pressure. In the present work, we demonstrate a multiplexed sensing of magnetic field and temperature. The dual frequency driving technique we employ here is based on frequency-division multiplexing, which enables sensing both measurables in real time. The pair of NV resonance frequencies for dual frequency driving must be selected to avoid coherent population trapping of NV spin states. With an enhanced optical collection efficiency higher than 50 $\%$ and a type 1b diamond crystal with natural abundance ${}^{13}$C spins, we achieve sensitivities of about 70 pT/$\sqrt{\mathrm{Hz}}$ and 25 $\mu$K/$\sqrt{\mathrm{Hz}}$ simultaneously. A high isolation factor of 34 dB in NV thermometry signal against magnetic field was obtained, and we provide a theoretical description for the isolation factor. This work paves the way for extending the application of NV quantum diamond sensors into more demanding conditions.

9 pages, 4 figures

References in corpus (7)

• Dynamic polarization of single nuclear spins by optical pumping of NV color centers in diamond at room temperature
• Broadband Magnetometry and Temperature Sensing with a Light Trapping Diamond Waveguide
• Multipulse Double-Quantum Magnetometry With Near-Surface Nitrogen Vacancy Centers
• Miniature cavity-enhanced diamond magnetometer
• Magnetic Field Fingerprinting of Integrated Circuit Activity with a Quantum Diamond Microscope
• Wide-Field Strain Imaging with Preferentially-Aligned Nitrogen-Vacancy Centers in Polycrystalline Diamond
• Pump-Enhanced Continuous-Wave Magnetometry using Nitrogen-Vacancy Ensembles

Cited by in corpus (8)

• Diamond quantum magnetometer with dc sensitivity of < 10 pT Hz${}^{-1/2}$ toward measurement of biomagnetic field
• The impact of microwave phase noise on diamond quantum sensing
• Time-resolved diamond magnetic microscopy of superparamagnetic iron-oxide nanoparticles
• Diamond quantum sensors in microfluidics technology
• Miniaturized magnetic-field sensor based on nitrogen-vacancy centers
• A Fully-integrated Diamond Nitrogen-Vacancy Magnetometer with Nanotesla Sensitivity
• Sensitivity-enhanced magnetometry using nitrogen-vacancy ensembles via adaptively complete transitions overlapping
• Quantum diamond microscopy with optimized magnetic field sensitivity and sub-ms temporal resolution