Quantum diamond microscopy with optimized magnetic field sensitivity and sub-ms temporal resolution

Abstract

Quantum diamond magnetometers using lock-in detection have successfully detected weak bio-magnetic fields from neurons, a live mammalian muscle, and a live mouse heart. This opens up the possibility of quantum diamond magnetometers visualizing microscopic distributions of the bio-magnetic fields. Here, we demonstrate a lock-in-based wide-field quantum diamond microscopy, achieving a mean volume-normalized per pixel sensitivity of 43.9 $\mathrm{nT}\mu {\mathrm{m}}^{1.5}/H{\mathrm{z}}^{0.5}$. We optimize the sensitivity by implementing a double resonance with hyperfine driving and magnetic field alignment along the $<$001$>$ orientation of the diamond. Additionally, we show that sub-ms temporal resolution ($\sim$ 0.4 ms) can be achieved while keeping the per-pixel sensitivity at a few tens of nanotesla per second using quantum diamond microscopy. This lock-in-based diamond quantum microscopy could be a step forward in mapping functional activity in neuronal networks in micrometer spatial resolution.

References in corpus (29)

• High-sensitivity diamond magnetometer with nanoscale resolution
• Optical magnetic detection of single-neuron action potentials using quantum defects in diamond
• Avoiding power broadening in optically detected magnetic resonance of single NV defects for enhanced DC-magnetic field sensitivity
• Theory of the ground state spin of the NV- center in diamond: I. Fine structure, hyperfine structure, and interactions with electric, magnetic and strain fields
• Theory of the ground state spin of the NV- center in diamond: II. Spin solutions, time-evolution, relaxation and inhomogeneous dephasing
• A subpicotesla diamond magnetometer
• High sensitivity magnetic imaging using an array of spins in diamond
• Broadband Magnetometry and Temperature Sensing with a Light Trapping Diamond Waveguide
• Quantum imaging of current flow in graphene
• Micrometer-scale Magnetic Imaging of Geological Samples Using a Quantum Diamond Microscope
• Realtime magnetic field sensing and imaging using a single spin in diamond
• Absolute magnetometry based on quantum beats in diamond nitrogen-vacancy centers
• Diamond magnetometer enhanced by ferrite flux concentrators
• Nano-engineered Diamond Waveguide as a Robust Bright Platform for Nanomagnetometry Using Shallow Nitrogen Vacancy Centers
• Ultralong Dephasing Times in Solid-State Spin Ensembles via Quantum Control
• Diamond magnetometry and gradiometry towards subpicotesla DC field measurement
• Multipulse Double-Quantum Magnetometry With Near-Surface Nitrogen Vacancy Centers
• Imaging crystal stress in diamond using ensembles of nitrogen-vacancy centers
• Magnetic Field Fingerprinting of Integrated Circuit Activity with a Quantum Diamond Microscope
• Improved current density and magnetisation reconstruction through vector magnetic field measurements
• Magnetometry with nitrogen-vacancy ensembles in diamond based on infrared absorption in a doubly resonant optical cavity
• Optimised frequency modulation for continuous-wave optical magnetic resonance sensing using nitrogen-vacancy ensembles
• Detection of biological signals from a live mammalian muscle using a diamond quantum sensor
• Multiplexed sensing of magnetic field and temperature in real time using a nitrogen vacancy spin ensemble in diamond
• Precision temperature sensing in the presence of magnetic field noise and vice-versa using nitrogen-vacancy centers in diamond
• NV-Diamond Magnetic Microscopy using a Double Quantum 4-Ramsey Protocol
• Camera-limits for wide-field magnetic resonance imaging of a nitrogen-vacancy spin sensor
• High speed microcircuit and synthetic biosignal widefield imaging using nitrogen vacancies in diamond
• Wide-field dynamic magnetic microscopy using double-double quantum driving of a diamond defect ensemble