Spin relaxometry of single nitrogen-vacancy defects in diamond nanocrystals for magnetic noise sensing

Abstract

We report an experimental study of the longitudinal relaxation time ($T_1$) of the electron spin associated with single nitrogen-vacancy (NV) defects hosted in nanodiamonds (ND). We first show that $T_1$ decreases over three orders of magnitude when the ND size is reduced from 100 to 10 nm owing to the interaction of the NV electron spin with a bath of paramagnetic centers lying on the ND surface. We next tune the magnetic environment by decorating the ND surface with Gd${}^{3+}$ ions and observe an efficient $T_1$-quenching, which demonstrates magnetic noise sensing with a single electron spin. We estimate a sensitivity down to $\approx 14$ electron spins detected within 10 s, using a single NV defect hosted in a 10-nm-size ND. These results pave the way towards $T_1$-based nanoscale imaging of the spin density in biological samples.

Main text with 4 figures together with supplemental information

References in corpus (8)

• High-sensitivity diamond magnetometer with nanoscale resolution
• Nanoscale magnetic imaging of a single electron spin under ambient conditions
• Temperature and magnetic field dependent longitudinal spin relaxation in nitrogen-vacancy ensembles in diamond
• Magnetic spin imaging under ambient conditions with sub-cellular resolution
• Spin dynamics in the optical cycle of single nitrogen-vacancy centres in diamond
• Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Imaging with 90 nm Resolution
• Nanoscale magnetic field mapping with a single spin scanning probe magnetometer
• Single-spin magnetometry with multi-pulse sensing sequences

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