Magnetometry with nitrogen-vacancy defects in diamond

Abstract

The isolated electronic spin system of the Nitrogen-Vacancy (NV) centre in diamond offers unique possibilities to be employed as a nanoscale sensor for detection and imaging of weak magnetic fields. Magnetic imaging with nanometric resolution and field detection capabilities in the nanotesla range are enabled by the atomic-size and exceptionally long spin-coherence times of this naturally occurring defect. The exciting perspectives that ensue from these characteristics have triggered vivid experimental activities in the emerging field of "NV magnetometry". It is the purpose of this article to review the recent progress in high-sensitivity nanoscale NV magnetometry, generate an overview of the most pertinent results of the last years and highlight perspectives for future developments. We will present the physical principles that allow for magnetic field detection with NV centres and discuss first applications of NV magnetometers that have been demonstrated in the context of nano magnetism, mesoscopic physics and the life sciences.

Review article, 28 pages, 16 figures

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• Modeling of radiative emission from shallow color centers in single crystalline diamond
• Imaging the Meissner Effect and Flux Trapping of Superconductors under High Pressure using N-V Centers
• Aberration control in quantitative widefield quantum microscopy
• Quantum Sensing of Insulator-to-Metal Transitions in a Mott Insulator
• 1/f noise in quantum nanoscience
• Sub-nanometer optical linewidth of thulium atoms in rare gas crystals
• Two-photon-transition superadiabatic passage in an nitrogen-vacancy center in diamond
• Local noise spectroscopy of Wigner crystals in two-dimensional materials
• Optical-power-dependent splitting of magnetic resonance in nitrogen-vacancy centers in diamond
• Phonon induced spin squeezing based on geometric phase
• Measurements of the magnetic properties of conduction electrons
• On the Road with a Diamond Magnetometer
• Quantifying the performance of multi-pulse quantum sensing
• Ambiguous Resonances in Multipulse Quantum Sensing with Nitrogen Vacancy Centers
• High precision single qubit tuning via thermo-magnetic field control
• Optical lineshapes of the C-center in silicon from ab initio calculations: Interplay of localized modes and bulk phonons
• Level anti-crossings of an NV center in diamond: Decoherence-free subspaces and 3D sensors of microwave magnetic fields
• Double Quantum Magnetometry at Large Static Magnetic Fields
• Improving quantum parameter estimation by monitoring quantum trajectories
• Coherent Driving of a Single Nitrogen Vacancy Center by a Resonant Magnetic Tunnel Junction
• Multi-Angle Reconstruction of Domain Morphology with All-Optical Diamond Magnetometry
• Electron-to-nuclear spectral mapping via "Galton board" dynamic nuclear polarization
• Appearance of objectivity for NV centers interacting with dynamically polarized nuclear environment
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• Uniform microwave field formation for control of ensembles of negatively charged nitrogen vacancy in diamond
• Density and $T_1$ of surface and bulk spins in diamond in high magnetic field gradients
• Robust quantification of the diamond nitrogen-vacancy center charge state via photoluminescence spectroscopy
• Laser and cavity cooling of a mechanical resonator with a Nitrogen-Vacancy center in diamond
• Localization of a magnetic moment using a two-qubit probe
• Microstructural and Optical Emission Properties of Diamond Multiply Twinned Particles
• Microwave-free imaging magnetometry with nitrogen-vacancy centers in nanodiamonds at near-zero field
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• Harmonic dual dressing of spin one-half systems
• Nonlocal orbital magnetism of 3d adatoms deposited on the Pt(111) surface
• Quantum computation in silicon-vacancy centers based on nonadiabatic geometric gates protected by dynamical decoupling
• Sensing electrochemical signals using a nitrogen-vacancy center in diamond
• Current-induced quasiparticle magnetic multipole moments
• Room temperature relaxometry of single nitrogen-vacancy centers in proximity to $\alpha$-RuCl${}_3$ nanoflakes
• Mapping AC Susceptibility with Quantum Diamond Microscope
• Bayesian-based hybrid method for rapid optimization of NV center sensors
• GPa Pressure Imaging Using Nanodiamond Quantum Sensors
• Efficient and all-carbon electrical readout of a NV based quantum sensor
• Enhancement of spin-to-charge conversion of diamond NV centers at ambient conditions using surface electrodes
• Statistics of projective measurement on a quantum probe as a witness of noncommutativity of algebra of a probed system
• Creation of NV centers in diamond under 155 MeV electron irradiation
• Localized NMR Mediated by Electrical-Field-Induced Domain Wall Oscillation in Quantum-Hall-Ferromagnet Nanowire
• Control of all the transitions between ground state manifolds of nitrogen vacancy centers in diamonds by applying external magnetic driving fields
• Miniaturized magnetic-field sensor based on nitrogen-vacancy centers
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• On the creation of near-surface nitrogen-vacancy centre ensembles by implantation of type Ib diamond
• Optimizing Floquet engineering for non-equilibrium steady states with gradient-based methods
• Planar scanning probe microscopy enables vector magnetic field imaging at the nanoscale
• Exploring the nonlinear regime of light-matter interaction using electronic spins in diamond
• Anisotropic electron-nuclear interactions in a rotating quantum spin bath
• Insights into the orbital magnetism of noncollinear magnetic systems
• High-resolution spectroscopy of a single nitrogen-vacancy defect at zero magnetic field
• Floquet theory and applications in open quantum and classical systems
• Quantum interferometry for rotation sensing in an optical microresonator
• A Fully-integrated Diamond Nitrogen-Vacancy Magnetometer with Nanotesla Sensitivity
• Nanotube Double Quantum Dot Spin Transducer for Scalable Quantum Information Processing
• Nanoscale observation and control of quasiparticle induced magnetic noise in a superconducting resonator
• The role of exchange interaction in nitrogen vacancy centre-based magnetometry
• Determining the position of a single spin relative to a metallic nanowire
• Dynamical nuclear polarization for dissipation-induced entanglement in NV centers
• Enhanced response at exceptional points in multi-qubit systems for sensing
• Magnetic field orientation dependence of continuous-wave optically detected magnetic resonance with nitrogen-vacancy ensembles
• NV microscopy of thermally controlled stresses caused by Cr${}_2$O${}_3$ thin films
• Tunable magnetic field source for magnetic field imaging microscopy
• Widefield quantum microscopy with nitrogen-vacancy centers in diamond: strengths, limitations, and prospects
• Quantum microscopy with van der Waals heterostructures
• Diamond-defect engineering of NV- centers using ion beam irradiation
• Quantum beats and metrology in a rapidly rotating Nitrogen-Vacancy center
• All-optical measurement of magnetic fields for quantum gas experiments
• Isofrequency spin-wave imaging using color center magnetometry for magnon spintronics
• Designing spin channel geometries for entanglement distribution
• Quantum Advantage in Distributed Sensing with Noisy Quantum Networks
• Long Rayleigh length confocal microscope: A fast evaluation tool for obtaining quantum properties of color centers
• Robotic vectorial field alignment for spin-based quantum sensors
• Quantum sensing of time-dependent magnetic signals with molecular spins
• Manipulation of magnetic systems by quantized surface acoustic wave via piezomagnetic effect
• Digital Twin Simulations Toolbox of the Nitrogen-Vacancy Center in Diamond
• Detection of the phase shift of an alternating-current magnetic field by quantum sensing with multiple-pulse decoupling sequences
• Exceptional points in SSH-like models with hopping amplitude gradient
• Nanoscale quantum imaging of field-free deterministic switching of a chiral antiferromagnet
• Selective Hybrid Spin Interactions with Low Radiation Power
• Exact analysis of AC sensors based on Floquet time crystals
• Crystal Fields and Zeeman Effect for Thulium in Solid Argon
• Measuring high field gradients of cobalt nanomagnets in a spin-mechanical setup
• Enhanced sensitivity in microscale high-field NMR via nuclear-spin locking with NV centers
• Sub-tesla on-chip nanomagnetic metamaterial platform for angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy
• Numerically exact quantum dynamics with tensor networks: Predicting the decoherence of interacting spin systems
• Systematic investigation of dynamic nuclear polarization with boron vacancy in hexagonal boron nitride
• Magnetometry with Broadband Microwave Fields in Nitrogen-Vacancy Centers in Diamond
• Widefield NV Magnetic Field Reconstruction for Probing the Meissner Effect and Critical Current Density under Pressure
• Magnetic Field Detection Using a Two-Qubit System Under Noisy Heisenberg Interaction
• Extended T2 times of shallow implanted NV in chemically mechanically polished diamond
• Diamond-based optical vector magnetometer
• Floquet systems with continuous dynamical symmetries: characterization, time-dependent Noether charge, and solvability
• Imaging topological defects in a non-collinear antiferromagnet
• Towards a test of quantum gravity with a levitated nanodiamond containing a spin
• Creation of nitrogen-vacancy centers in chemical vapor deposition diamond for sensing applications
• Scanning Diamond NV Center Probes Compatible with Conventional AFM Technology
• Decoherence of V${}_{\mathrm{B}}^{-}$ spin defects in monoisotopic hexagonal boron nitride
• Probing charge dynamics in diamond with an individual color center
• Sequential Bayesian experiment design for adaptive Ramsey sequence measurements
• Optically detected flip-flops between different spin ensembles in diamond
• Detection of Geometric Phases in Spin Waves using Nitrogen-Vacancy Centers
• Nanodiamond Sensing of Stray Fields during Domain Reversal
• Nanoscale stray fields from micromagnets for optimal spin qubit architecture
• Discrete time crystal for periodic-field sensing with quantum-enhanced precision
• Coherent Microwave Driving of Domain Wall Depinning in a Ferrimagnetic Garnet
• Interplay between dressed and strong-axial-field states in Nitrogen-Vacancy centers for quantum sensing and computation
• Saturable absorption in defect-rich diamond nanophotonics
• Efficient creation of shallow NV${}^{-}$ ensembles by high-angle ion implantation
• Sensing with near-infrared laser trapped fluorescent nanodiamonds
• Nanoscale magnetometry of a synthetic three-dimensional spin texture
• Markov Inequality as a Tool for Linear-Scaling Estimation of Local Observables
• Elucidating the Inter-system Crossing of the Nitrogen-Vacancy Center up to Megabar Pressures
• Two-media laser threshold magnetometry: A magnetic-field-dependent laser threshold
• A scalable method for cavity-enhanced solid-state quantum sensors
• Quantum Gates via Dynamical Decoupling of Central Qubit on IBMQ and 15NV Center in Diamond
• Spin-qubit Noise Spectroscopy of Magnetic Berezinskii-Kosterlitz-Thouless Physics
• Bias-field-free operation of nitrogen-vacancy ensembles in diamond for accurate vector magnetometry
• Sensing high-frequency ac fields via a two-qubit sensor
• Identifying optimal magnetic field configurations for decoherence mitigation of boron vacancies in hexagonal boron nitride
• Diamond spin sensors: A new way to probe nanomagnetism