Fast coherent control of an NV- spin ensemble using a KTaO3 dielectric resonator at cryogenic temperatures

Abstract

Microwave delivery to samples in a cryogenic environment can pose experimental challenges such as restricting optical access, space constraints and heat generation. Moreover, existing solutions that overcome various experimental restrictions do not necessarily provide a large, homogeneous oscillating magnetic field over macroscopic lengthscales, which is required for control of spin ensembles or fast gate operations in scaled-up quantum computing implementations. Here we show fast and coherent control of a negatively charged nitrogen vacancy spin ensemble by taking advantage of the high permittivity of a KTaO3 dielectric resonator at cryogenic temperatures. We achieve Rabi frequencies of up to 48 MHz, with the total field-to-power conversion ratio $C_{\mathrm{P}}=$ 9.66 mT/$\sqrt{\mathrm{W}}$ ($\approx 191$ MHz/$\sqrt{\mathrm{W}}$). We use the nitrogen vacancy center spin ensemble to probe the quality factor, the coherent enhancement, and the spatial distribution of the magnetic field inside the diamond sample. The key advantages of the dielectric resonator utilised in this work are: ease of assembly, in-situ tuneability, a high magnetic field conversion efficiency, a low volume footprint, and optical transparency. This makes KTaO3 dielectric resonators a promising platform for the delivery of microwave fields for the control of spins in various materials at cryogenic temperatures.

References in corpus (12)

• Silicon-Vacancy Spin Qubit in Diamond: A Quantum Memory Exceeding 10 ms with Single-Shot State Readout
• Coherence of Nitrogen-Vacancy Electronic Spin Ensembles in Diamond
• Efficient and robust analysis of complex scattering data under noise in microwave resonators
• Quenching Spin Decoherence in Diamond through Spin Bath Polarization
• Preserving qubit coherence by dynamical decoupling
• Magnetic imaging with an ensemble of Nitrogen Vacancy centers in diamond
• Electron spin ensemble strongly coupled to a three-dimensional microwave cavity
• Nanoscale broadband transmission lines for spin qubit control
• Switched Control of Electron Nuclear Spin Systems
• Polarization- and frequency-tunable microwave circuit for selective excitation of nitrogen-vacancy spins in diamond
• Electromagnetic properties of polycrystalline diamond from 35K to room temperature and microwave to terahertz frequencies
• Addressing a single NV${}^{-}$ spin with a macroscopic dielectric microwave cavity

Cited by in corpus (7)

• Room temperature coherent control of protected qubit in hexagonal boron nitride
• Implementation of the SMART protocol for global qubit control in silicon
• Coherent control of electron spin qubits in silicon using a global field
• Glass-patternable notch-shaped microwave architecture for on-chip spin detection in biological samples
• Hyperfine spectroscopy and fast, all-optical arbitrary state initialization and readout of a single, ten-level ${}^{73}$Ge vacancy nuclear spin qudit in diamond
• Uniform microwave field formation for control of ensembles of negatively charged nitrogen vacancy in diamond
• Indirect Control of the ${}^{29}\mathrm{Si}{\mathrm{V}}^{-}$ Nuclear Spin in Diamond