Magnetic imaging with an ensemble of Nitrogen Vacancy centers in diamond

Abstract

The nitrogen-vacancy (NV) color center in diamond is an atom-like system in the solid-state which specific spin properties can be efficiently used as a sensitive magnetic sensor. An external magnetic field induces Zeeman shifts of the NV center levels which can be measured using Optically Detected Magnetic Resonance (ODMR). In this work, we exploit the ODMR signal of an ensemble of NV centers in order to quantitatively map the vectorial structure of a magnetic field produced by a sample close to the surface of a CVD diamond hosting a thin layer of NV centers. The reconstruction of the magnetic field is based on a maximum-likelihood technique which exploits the response of the four intrinsic orientations of the NV center inside the diamond lattice. The sensitivity associated to a 1 μm^2 area of the doped layer, equivalent to a sensor consisting of approximately 10^4 NV centers, is of the order of 2 μT/sqrt{Hz}. The spatial resolution of the imaging device is 400 nm, limited by the numerical aperture of the optical microscope which is used to collect the photoluminescence of the NV layer. The versatility of the sensor is illustrated by the accurate reconstruction of the magnetic field created by a DC current inside a copper wire deposited on the diamond sample.

11 pages, 5 figures, figure 4 added, results unchanged

References in corpus (8)

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• Robust Magnetometry with Single NV Centers via Two-step Optimization
• Optically detected magnetic resonance with an open source platform
• Fast coherent control of an NV- spin ensemble using a KTaO3 dielectric resonator at cryogenic temperatures
• Imaging the Meissner Effect and Flux Trapping of Superconductors under High Pressure using N-V Centers
• Uniform microwave field formation for control of ensembles of negatively charged nitrogen vacancy in diamond
• NV microscopy of thermally controlled stresses caused by Cr${}_2$O${}_3$ thin films
• Dynamical nuclear polarization for dissipation-induced entanglement in NV centers
• Widefield quantum microscopy with nitrogen-vacancy centers in diamond: strengths, limitations, and prospects
• Widefield NV Magnetic Field Reconstruction for Probing the Meissner Effect and Critical Current Density under Pressure
• Diamond-based optical vector magnetometer
• Principles and Techniques of the Quantum Diamond Microscope
• Efficiency of optimal control for noisy spin qubits in diamond