Microwave device characterisation using a widefield diamond microscope

Abstract

Devices relying on microwave circuitry form a cornerstone of many classical and emerging quantum technologies. A capability to provide in-situ, noninvasive and direct imaging of the microwave fields above such devices would be a powerful tool for their function and failure analysis. In this work, we build on recent achievements in magnetometry using ensembles of nitrogen vacancy centres in diamond, to present a widefield microwave microscope with few-micron resolution over a millimeter-scale field of view, 130nT/sqrt-Hz microwave amplitude sensitivity, a dynamic range of 48 dB, and sub-ms temporal resolution. We use our microscope to image the microwave field a few microns above a range of microwave circuitry components, and to characterise a novel atom chip design. Our results open the way to high-throughput characterisation and debugging of complex, multi-component microwave devices, including real-time exploration of device operation.

References in corpus (31)

• Quantum sensing
• The nitrogen-vacancy colour centre in diamond
• Optical Magnetometry
• Avoiding power broadening in optically detected magnetic resonance of single NV defects for enhanced DC-magnetic field sensitivity
• Real-Time Near-Field Terahertz Imaging with Atomic Optical Fluorescence
• High sensitivity magnetic imaging using an array of spins in diamond
• Broadband Magnetometry and Temperature Sensing with a Light Trapping Diamond Waveguide
• Quantum imaging of current flow in graphene
• Control and Local Measurement of the Spin Chemical Potential in a Magnetic Insulator
• Coherent manipulation of Bose-Einstein condensates with state-dependent microwave potentials on an atom chip
• Micrometer-scale Magnetic Imaging of Geological Samples Using a Quantum Diamond Microscope
• Nanometre-scale probing of spin waves using single electron spins
• Strong mechanical driving of a single electron spin
• Fabrication of all diamond scanning probes for nanoscale magnetometry
• Broadband, large-area microwave antenna for optically-detected magnetic resonance of nitrogen-vacancy centers in diamond
• Nanomechanical sensing using spins in diamond
• Fourier Magnetic Imaging with Nanoscale Resolution and Compressed Sensing Speed-up using Electronic Spins in Diamond
• Nanoscale imaging of current density with a single-spin magnetometer
• Nitrogen-Vacancy Centers in Diamond for Current Imaging at the Redistributive Layer Level of Integrated Circuits
• Nanoscale microwave imaging with a single electron spin in diamond
• Narrow-bandwidth sensing of high-frequency fields with continuous dynamical decoupling
• Quantum Sensing of Weak Radio-Frequency Signals by Pulsed Mollow Absorption Spectroscopy
• Imaging of microwave fields using ultracold atoms
• Imaging of Relaxation Times and Microwave Field Strength in a Microfabricated Vapor Cell
• Simple microwave field imaging technique using hot atomic vapor cells
• Widefield Microwave Imaging in Alkali Vapor Cells with sub-100 um Resolution
• Frequency-Tunable Microwave Field Detection in an Atomic Vapor Cell
• High-frequency and high-field optically detected magnetic resonance of nitrogen-vacancy centers in diamond
• Wide bandwidth instantaneous RF spectrum analyzer based on nitrogen vacancy centers in diamond
• Imaging Microwave and DC Magnetic Fields in a Vapor-Cell Rb Atomic Clock
• Single Spin Optically Detected Magnetic Resonance with E-Band Microwave Resonators

Cited by in corpus (28)

• Sensitivity Optimization for NV-Diamond Magnetometry
• Diamond magnetometer enhanced by ferrite flux concentrators
• Picotesla magnetometry of microwave fields with diamond sensors
• Optimized Planar Microwave Antenna for Nitrogen Vacancy Center based Sensing Applications
• Simultaneous Wide-field Imaging of Phase and Magnitude of AC Magnetic Signal Using Diamond Quantum Magnetometry
• Directional detection of dark matter with diamond
• Measurement and Simulation of the Magnetic Fields from a 555 Timer Integrated Circuit using a Quantum Diamond Microscope and Finite Element Analysis
• Optimal control of a nitrogen-vacancy spin ensemble in diamond for sensing in the pulsed domain
• High speed microcircuit and synthetic biosignal widefield imaging using nitrogen vacancies in diamond
• High-Tc superconducting detector for highly-sensitive microwave magnetometry
• Phase sensitive quantum spectroscopy with high frequency resolution
• Determination of Intrinsic Effective Fields and Microwave Polarizations by High-Resolution Spectroscopy of Single NV Center Spins
• High Frequency Magnetometry with an Ensemble of Spin Qubits in Hexagonal Boron Nitride
• Directional Detection of Dark Matter Using Solid-State Quantum Sensing
• Precise Spectroscopy of High-Frequency Oscillating Fields with a Single-Qubit Sensor
• High-Resolution Short-Circuit Fault Localization in a Multi-Layer Integrated Circuit using a Quantum Diamond Microscope
• Fast coherent control of an NV- spin ensemble using a KTaO3 dielectric resonator at cryogenic temperatures
• Gate-set evaluation metrics for closed-loop optimal control on nitrogen-vacancy center ensembles in diamond
• Quantum Frequency Mixing using an N-$V$ Diamond Microscope
• Uniform microwave field formation for control of ensembles of negatively charged nitrogen vacancy in diamond
• Demonstration of highly-sensitive wideband microwave sensing using ensemble nitrogen-vacancy centers
• Wideband wide-field imaging of spin-wave propagation using diamond quantum sensors
• Q-BiC: A biocompatible integrated chip for in vitro and in vivo spin-based quantum sensing
• Stray magnetic field and stability of time-dependent viscous electron flow
• Widefield quantum microscopy with nitrogen-vacancy centers in diamond: strengths, limitations, and prospects
• Robust gigahertz-range ac magnetometry with an ensemble of NV centers in diamond using concatenated continuous dynamical decoupling
• Imaging of microwave magnetic field orientation using continuous-wave experiments on nitrogen-vacancy centers in diamond
• Sequential Bayesian experiment design for adaptive Ramsey sequence measurements