Phase sensitive quantum spectroscopy with high frequency resolution

Abstract

Classical sensors for spectrum analysis are widely used but lack micro- or nanoscale spatial resolution. On the other hand, quantum sensors, capable of working with nanoscale precision, do not provide precise frequency resolution over a wide range of frequencies. Using a single spin in diamond, we present a measurement protocol for quantum probes which enables full signal reconstruction on a nanoscale spatial resolution up to potentially 100\,GHz. We achieve $58nT/\sqrt{\mathrm{Hz}}$ amplitude and $0.095rad/\sqrt{\mathrm{Hz}}$ phase sensitivity and a relative frequency uncertainty of $10^{-12}$ for a $1.51\mathrm{GHz}$ signal within $10\mathrm{s}$ of integration. This technique opens the way to quantum spectrum analysis methods with potential applications in electron spin detection and nanocircuitry in quantum technologies.

main text 7 pages, 3 figures; supplemental 8 pages, 6 figures

References in corpus (6)

• Nanoscale magnetic imaging of a single electron spin under ambient conditions
• Sub-millihertz magnetic spectroscopy with a nanoscale quantum sensor
• Quantum sensing with arbitrary frequency resolution
• Microwaves in Quantum Computing
• Narrow-bandwidth sensing of high-frequency fields with continuous dynamical decoupling
• High-frequency and high-field optically detected magnetic resonance of nitrogen-vacancy centers in diamond

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• Detection of Molecular Transitions with Nitrogen-Vacancy Centers and Electron-Spin Labels
• Low frequency signal detection via correlated Ramsey measurements
• Continuous drive heterodyne microwave sensing with spin qubits in hexagonal boron nitride
• Quantum spectral analysis by continuous measurement of Landau-Zener transitions
• Amplified Nanoscale Detection of Labelled Molecules via Surface Electrons on Diamond
• Robust gigahertz-range ac magnetometry with an ensemble of NV centers in diamond using concatenated continuous dynamical decoupling