Single Spin Optically Detected Magnetic Resonance with E-Band Microwave Resonators

Abstract

Magnetic resonance with ensembles of electron spins is nowadays performed in frequency ranges up to 240 GHz and in corresponding magnetic fields of up to 10 T. However, experiments with single electron and nuclear spins so far only reach into frequency ranges of several 10 GHz, where existing coplanar waveguide structures for microwave (MW) delivery are compatible with single spin readout techniques (e.g. electrical or optical readout). Here, we explore the frequency range up to 90 GHz, respectively magnetic fields of up to $\approx 3$T for single spin magnetic resonance in conjunction with optical spin readout. To this end, we develop MW resonators with optical single spin access. In our case, rectangular E-band waveguides guarantee low-loss supply of microwaves to the resonators. Three dimensional cavities, as well as coplanar waveguide resonators enhance MW fields by spatial and spectral confinement with a MW efficiency of $1.36mT/\sqrt{\mathrm{W}}$. We utilize single NV centers as hosts for optically accessible spins, and show, that their properties regarding optical spin readout known from smaller fields (<0.65 T) are retained up to fields of 3 T. In addition, we demonstrate coherent control of single nuclear spins under these conditions. Furthermore, our results extend the applicable magnetic field range of a single spin magnetic field sensor. Regarding spin based quantum registers, high fields lead to a purer product basis of electron and nuclear spins, which promises improved spin lifetimes. For example, during continuous single-shot readout the ${}^{14}$N nuclear spin shows second-long longitudinal relaxation times.

7 pages, 4 figures

References in corpus (9)

• Quantum error correction in a solid-state hybrid spin register
• Nanoscale magnetic imaging of a single electron spin under ambient conditions
• High fidelity spin entanglement using optimal control
• Chip-scale nanofabrication of single spins and spin arrays in diamond
• Nanoscale NMR Spectroscopy and Imaging of Multiple Nuclear Species
• Coherence of single spins coupled to a nuclear spin bath of varying density
• Coherent properties of single rare-earth spin qubits
• Scanning probe microscopy with chemical contrast by nanoscale nuclear magnetic resonance
• High-frequency and high-field optically detected magnetic resonance of nitrogen-vacancy centers in diamond

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• Spin dynamical decoupling for generating macroscopic superpositions of a free-falling nanodiamond
• Phase sensitive quantum spectroscopy with high frequency resolution
• Demonstration of NV-detected ESR spectroscopy at 115 GHz and 4.2 Tesla
• Quantum-assisted Distortion-free audio signal sensing
• Superconducting coplanar microwave resonators with operating frequencies up to 50 GHz
• Quantum control and sensing of nuclear spins by electron spins under power limitations
• Low-loss Millimeter-wave Resonators with an Improved Coupling Structure
• Widefield quantum microscopy with nitrogen-vacancy centers in diamond: strengths, limitations, and prospects