Picotesla magnetometry of microwave fields with diamond sensors
arXiv:2206.08533 · doi:10.1126/sciadv.abq8158
Abstract
Developing robust microwave-field sensors is both fundamentally and practically important with a wide range of applications from astronomy to communication engineering. The Nitrogen-Vacancy (NV) center in diamond is an attractive candidate for such purpose because of its magnetometric sensitivity, stability and compatibility with ambient conditions. However, the existing NV center-based magnetometers have limited sensitivity in the microwave band. Here we present a continuous heterodyne detection method that can enhance the sensor's response to weak microwaves, even in the absence of spin controls. Experimentally, we achieve a sensitivity of 8.9 pTHz for microwaves of 2.9 GHz by simultaneously using an ensemble of NV centers within a sensor volume of mm. Besides, we also achieve scaling of frequency resolution up to measurement time of 10000 s. Our method removes the control pulses and thus will greatly benefit the practical application of diamond-based microwave sensors.
arXiv comment7 pages, 4 figures
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