Digital Twin Simulations Toolbox of the Nitrogen-Vacancy Center in Diamond
arXiv:2507.18759 · doi:10.1002/qute.202500691
Abstract
The nitrogen-vacancy (NV) center in diamond is a crucial platform for quantum technologies, where its precise numerical modeling is indispensable for the continued advancement of the field. We present here a Python library for simulating the NV spin dynamics under general experimental conditions, i.e. a digital twin. Our library accounts for electromagnetic pulses and other environmental inputs, which are used to solve the system's time evolution, resulting in a physical output in the form of a quantum observable given by fluorescence. The simulation framework is based on a non-perturbative time-dependent Hamiltonian model, where the states initialization and readout are postulated from the interaction with optical fields. By eliminating oversimplifications such as the adoption of rotating frames for the microwave and radio frequency fields, our simulations reveal subtle dynamics emerging from realistic pulse constraints. The software is illustrated with three examples and validated by comparing the simulations with experimental reports, relevant to the fields of quantum computing (conditional logic gates), sensing (dynamical decoupling sequences with coupled spins) and networks (state teleportation). Overall, this digital twin delivers a robust numerical modeling of the NV spin dynamics, with simple and accessible usability, which can be used for a wide range of applications.
arXiv comment20 pages, 7 figures
References in corpus (50)
- Quantum sensing
- The nitrogen-vacancy colour centre in diamond
- The Physical Implementation of Quantum Computation
- QuTiP 2: A Python framework for the dynamics of open quantum systems
- QuTiP: An open-source Python framework for the dynamics of open quantum systems
- Sensing electric fields using single diamond spins
- Magnetometry with nitrogen-vacancy defects in diamond
- Heralded entanglement between solid-state qubits separated by 3 meters
- Temperature dependence of the nitrogen-vacancy magnetic resonance in diamond
- Observation of coherent oscillation of a single nuclear spin and realization of a two-qubit conditional quantum gate
- High-fidelity projective readout of a solid-state spin quantum register
- Realization of a multi-node quantum network of remote solid-state qubits
- Quantum error correction in a solid-state hybrid spin register
- Unconditional quantum teleportation between distant solid-state qubits
- Deterministic delivery of remote entanglement on a quantum network
- Dynamic polarization of single nuclear spins by optical pumping of NV color centers in diamond at room temperature
- Theory of the ground state spin of the NV- center in diamond: II. Spin solutions, time-evolution, relaxation and inhomogeneous dephasing
- Theory of the ground state spin of the NV- center in diamond: I. Fine structure, hyperfine structure, and interactions with electric, magnetic and strain fields
- High fidelity spin entanglement using optimal control
- Detection and control of individual nuclear spins using a weakly coupled electron spin
- Ab initio supercell calculations on nitrogen-vacancy center in diamond: its electronic structure and hyperfine tensors
- Towards a large-scale quantum simulator on diamond surface at room temperature
- Strongly enhanced photon collection from diamond defect centres under micro-fabricated integrated solid immersion lenses
- Measurement and Control of Single Nitrogen-Vacancy Center Spins above 600 K
- Dynamical Decoupling of a single electron spin at room temperature
- All-optical thermometry and the thermal properties of the optically detected spin resonances of the NV center in nano-diamond
- Coupling of a single NV-center in diamond to a fiber-based microcavity
- Robust multi-qubit quantum network node with integrated error detection
- Single-spin magnetometry with multi-pulse sensing sequences
- Real-time nanodiamond thermometry probing in-vivo thermogenic responses
- Pulsed polarisation for robust DNP
- Nano-fabricated solid immersion lenses registered to single emitters in diamond
- Multipulse Double-Quantum Magnetometry With Near-Surface Nitrogen Vacancy Centers
- Spurious harmonic response of multipulse quantum sensing sequences
- Precise ultra fast single qubit control using optimal control pulses
- A Tutorial on Quantum Master Equations: Tips and tricks for quantum optics, quantum computing and beyond
- Coherence properties and quantum control of silicon vacancy color centers in diamond
- Strong driving of a single spin using arbitrarily polarized fields
- Randomisation of Pulse Phases for Unambiguous and Robust Quantum Sensing
- Spin dynamics of diamond nitrogen-vacancy centres at the ground state level anti-crossing and all-optical low frequency magnetic field sensing
- Photoluminescence at the ground state level anticrossing of the nitrogen-vacancy center in diamond
- High fidelity gate operations within the coupled nuclear and electron spins of a nitrogen vacancy center in diamond
- Pulse-phase control for spectral disambiguation in quantum sensing protocols
- Ramsey Envelope Modulation in NV Diamond Magnetometry
- Coherent manipulation of nuclear spins in the strong driving regime
- Impact of Annealing and Nanostructuring on Properties of NV Centers Created by Different Techniques
- Ambiguous Resonances in Multipulse Quantum Sensing with Nitrogen Vacancy Centers
- Semiempirical modeling of bound states of deep defects in semiconductor quantum technologies
- Security Analysis of Ensemble-Based Quantum Token Protocol Under Advanced Attacks
- Ensemble-Based Quantum Token Protocol Benchmarked on IBM Quantum Processors