Fundamental studies of superconductors using scanning magnetic imaging

Abstract

In this review I discuss the application of scanning magnetic imaging to fundamental studies of superconductors, concentrating on three scanning magnetic microscopies - scanning SQUID microscopy (SSM), scanning Hall bar microscopy (SHM), and magnetic force microscopy (MFM). I briefly discuss the history, sensitivity, spatial resolution, invasiveness, and potential future developments of each technique. I then discuss a selection of applications of these microscopies.

59 pages, 31 figures, to be published in Reports on Progress in Physics

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• Superconductivity on the border of weak itinerant ferromagnetism in UCoGe
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• Modulation of Noise in Submicron GaAs/AlGaAs Hall Devices by Gating
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Cited by in corpus (69)

• Magnetometry with nitrogen-vacancy defects in diamond
• Scanning nano-SQUID with single electron spin sensitivity
• Unconventional Superconductivity
• Nano Superconducting Quantum Interference device: a powerful tool for nanoscale investigations
• Nanoscale magnetic field mapping with a single spin scanning probe magnetometer
• Stray-field imaging of magnetic vortices with a single diamond spin
• Single-molecule Scale Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy using Nitrogen-Vacancy Centers in Diamond
• Imaging superconducting vortex core and lattice with the scanning tunneling microscope
• Quantum limits to the energy resolution of magnetic field sensors
• Scanning SQUID susceptometers with sub-micron spatial resolution
• Technical Review: Imaging weak magnetic field patterns on the nanometer-scale and its application to 2D materials
• Probing dynamics and pinning of single vortices in superconductors at nanometer scales
• All-optical sensing of a single-molecule electron spin
• Scanning superconducting quantum interference device on a tip for magnetic imaging of nanoscale phenomena
• Gate-Tunable Graphene Hall Sensors with High Magnetic Field Sensitivity
• Scanning SQUID Susceptometry of a paramagnetic superconductor
• NanoSQUIDs: Basics & recent advances
• A three-junction SQUID-on-tip with tunable in-plane and out-of-plane magnetic field sensitivity
• A Scanning Hall Probe Microscope for high resolution, large area, variable height Magnetic Field Imaging
• Force sensing with nanowire cantilevers
• Spatially - resolved study of the Meissner effect in superconductors using NV-centers-in-diamond optical magnetometry
• Anisotropic quantum quench in the presence of frustration or background gauge fields: A probe of bulk currents and topological chiral edge modes
• Direct reconstruction of two-dimensional currents in thin films from magnetic field measurements
• Magnetic force sensing using a self-assembled nanowire
• Scanning nitrogen-vacancy magnetometry down to 350mK
• Use of quantum quenches to probe the equilibrium current patterns of ultracold atoms in an optical lattice
• Investigation of all niobium Nano-SQUIDs based on sub-micrometer cross-type Josephson junctions
• Electrically tunable multi-terminal SQUID-on-tip
• Sputtered MoRe SQUID-on-tip for high-field magnetic and thermal nanoimaging
• Local mapping of dissipative vortex motion
• Current Induced Hidden States in Josephson Junctions
• Nearly quantum limited nanoSQUIDs based on cross-type Nb/AlOx/Nb junctions
• Cryogen-free variable temperature scanning SQUID microscope
• All-optical generation of Abrikosov vortices by the Inverse Faraday Effect
• Scanning SQUID microscopy in a cryogen-free dilution refrigerator
• Wide-field quantitative magnetic imaging of superconducting vortices using perfectly aligned quantum sensors
• Scanning SQUID-on-tip microscope in a top-loading cryogen-free dilution refrigerator
• Observation of robust edge superconductivity in Fe(Se,Te) under strong magnetic perturbation
• Rutgers relation for the analysis of superfluid density in superconductors
• Attractive interaction between superconducting vortices in tilted magnetic fields
• Direct observation of quantum anomalous vortex in Fe(Se,Te)
• Transmission x-ray microscopy at low temperatures - analyzing supercurrents with high spatial resolution
• A femto-Tesla DC SQUID design for quantum-ready readouts
• Machine Learning for Improved Current Density Reconstruction from 2D Vector Magnetic Images
• A new approach to the inverse problem for current mapping in thin-film superconductors
• Electrically tunable and reversible magnetoelectric coupling in strained bilayer graphene
• MicroSQUID Force microscopy in a dilution refrigerator
• Spatially modulated susceptibility in thin film La${}_{2-x}$Ba${}_x$CuO${}_4$
• Measurements of the magnetic properties of conduction electrons
• Multi-terminal multi-junction dc SQUID for nanoscale magnetometry
• Flux focusing with a superconducting nano-needle for scanning SQUID susceptometry
• Stoichiometric FeTe is a Superconductor
• Determining the vortex tilt relative to a superconductor surface
• Superconductors that do not expel magnetic flux
• Spin and orbital Edelstein effect in spin-orbit coupled noncentrosymmetric superconductor
• Advanced SQUID-on-lever scanning probe for high-sensitivity magnetic microscopy with sub-100-nm spatial resolution
• Hessian characterization of a vortex in a maze
• Inductive Superconducting Quantum Interference Proximity Transistor: the L-SQUIPT
• Precision determination of a fluxoid quantum's magnetic moment in a superconducting micro-ring
• Widefield quantum microscopy with nitrogen-vacancy centers in diamond: strengths, limitations, and prospects
• Flux-trapping characterization for superconducting electronics using a cryogenic widefield N-$V$ diamond microscope
• Theory for measurements of penetration depth in magnetic superconductors by magnetic force microscopy and scanning SQUID microscopy
• Quantum Coherence in Superconducting Vortex States
• Fractional vortex array realized at twin boundary in a nematic superconductor
• Meissner Effect and Nonreciprocal Charge Transport in Non-Topological 1T-CrTe2/FeTe Heterostructures
• Low-field all-optical detection of superconductivity using NV nanodiamonds
• Two-fluid Physical Modeling of Superconducting Resonators in the ARTEMIS Framework
• Markov Inequality as a Tool for Linear-Scaling Estimation of Local Observables
• Improving spatial resolution of scanning SQUID microscopy with an on-chip design