Real-space imaging of non-collinear antiferromagnetic order with a single spin magnetometer

Abstract

While ferromagnets are at the heart of daily life applications, their large magnetization and resulting energy cost for switching bring into question their suitability for reliable low-power spintronic devices. Non-collinear antiferromagnetic systems do not suffer from this problem and often possess remarkable extra functionalities: non-collinear spin order may break space-inversion symmetry and thus allow electric-field control of magnetism, or produce emergent spin-orbit effects, which enable efficient spin-charge interconversion. To harness these unique traits for next-generation spintronics, the nanoscale control and imaging capabilities that are now routine for ferromagnets must be developed for antiferromagnetic systems. Here, using a non-invasive scanning nanomagnetometer based on a single nitrogen-vacancy (NV) defect in diamond, we demonstrate the first real-space visualization of non-collinear antiferromagnetic order in a magnetic thin film, at room temperature. We image the spin cycloid of a multiferroic BiFeO${}_3$ thin film and extract a period of $\sim 70$ nm, consistent with values determined by macroscopic diffraction. In addition, we take advantage of the magnetoelectric coupling present in BiFeO${}_3$ to manipulate the cycloid propagation direction by an electric field. Besides highlighting the unique potential of NV magnetometry for imaging complex antiferromagnetic orders at the nanoscale, these results demonstrate how BiFeO${}_3$ can be used as a versatile platform for the design of reconfigurable nanoscale spin textures.

References in corpus (15)

• Antiferromagnetic spintronics
• Weak ferromagnetism and magnetoelectric coupling in bismuth ferrite
• Magnetometry with nitrogen-vacancy defects in diamond
• Large anomalous Hall effect driven by non-vanishing Berry curvature in non-collinear antiferromagnetic Mn3Ge
• A robust, scanning quantum system for nanoscale sensing and imaging
• Electric-field-induced spin-flop in BiFeO3 single crystals at room-temperature
• Electric-field control of spin waves at room temperature in multiferroic BiFeO3
• The nature of domain walls in ultrathin ferromagnets revealed by scanning nanomagnetometry
• Nanoscale magnetic field mapping with a single spin scanning probe magnetometer
• Fabrication of all diamond scanning probes for nanoscale magnetometry
• Stray-field imaging of magnetic vortices with a single diamond spin
• Structure and spin dynamics of multiferroric BiFeO${}_3$
• Strain and Magnetic Field Induced Spin-Structure Transitions in Multiferroic BiFeO3
• Effect of symmetry mismatch on the domain structure of rhombohedral BiFeO3 thin films
• Measuring the magnetic moment density in patterned ultrathin ferromagnets with submicron resolution

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• Scanning nitrogen-vacancy magnetometry down to 350mK
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• Probing topological spin structures using light-polarization and magnetic microscopy
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• Optimal control of a nitrogen-vacancy spin ensemble in diamond for sensing in the pulsed domain
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• Scanning nitrogen-vacancy center magnetometry in large in-plane magnetic fields
• An integrated magnetometry platform with stackable waveguide-assisted detection channels for sensing arrays
• Robust Higher-Order Hamiltonian Engineering for Quantum Sensing with Strongly Interacting Systems
• Apparent delocalisation of the current flow in metallic wires observed with diamond nitrogen-vacancy magnetometry
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• Unveiling multiferroic proximity effect in graphene
• Strain engineering a multiferroic monodomain in thin-film BiFeO${}_3$
• A Planar Scanning Probe Microscope
• High Frequency Magnetometry with an Ensemble of Spin Qubits in Hexagonal Boron Nitride
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