Multicone Diamond Waveguides for Nanoscale Quantum Sensing

Abstract

The long-lived electronic spin of the nitrogen-vacancy (NV) center in diamond is a promising quantum sensor for detecting nanoscopic magnetic and electric fields in a variety of experimental conditions. Nevertheless, an outstanding challenge in improving measurement sensitivity is the poor signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of prevalent optical spin-readout techniques. Here, we address this limitation by coupling individual NV centers to optimized diamond nanopillar structures, thereby improving optical collection efficiency of fluorescence. First, we optimize the structure in simulation, observing an increase in collection efficiency for tall ($\ge$ 5 $\mu$m) pillars with tapered sidewalls. We subsequently verify these predictions by fabricating and characterizing a representative set of structures using a reliable and reproducible nanofabrication process. An optimized device yields increased SNR, owing to improvements in collimation and directionality of emission. Promisingly, these devices are compatible with low-numerical-aperture, long-working-distance collection optics, as well as reduced tip radius, facilitating improved spatial resolution for scanning applications.

arXiv comment22 pages, five figures

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Cited by in corpus (8)

• Minimizing sensor-sample distances in scanning nitrogen-vacancy magnetometry
• Quantum magnetometry of transient signals with a time resolution of 1.1 nanoseconds
• Multidimensional spectroscopy of nuclear spin clusters in diamond
• Room temperature relaxometry of single nitrogen-vacancy centers in proximity to $\alpha$-RuCl${}_3$ nanoflakes
• Multiplexed scanning microscopy with dual-qubit spin sensors
• Observation and Control of Chiral Spin Frustration in BiYIG Thin Films
• Charge and Spin Dynamics and Destabilization of Shallow Nitrogen-Vacancy Centers under UV and Blue Excitation
• Harnessing the Diamond-Air Interface as an Efficient Photon Antenna for Solid-State Emitters