Quantum magnetometry of transient signals with a time resolution of 1.1 nanoseconds
arXiv:2411.05542 · doi:10.1038/s41467-025-55956-1
Abstract
Quantum magnetometers based on spin defects in solids enable sensitive imaging of various magnetic phenomena, such as ferro- and antiferromagnetism, superconductivity, and current-induced fields. Existing protocols primarily focus on static fields or narrow-band dynamical signals, and are optimized for high sensitivity rather than fast time resolution. Here, we report detection of fast signal transients, providing a perspective for investigating the rich dynamics of magnetic systems. We experimentally demonstrate our technique using a single nitrogen-vacancy (NV) center magnetometer at room temperature, reaching a best-effort time resolution of 1.1 ns, an instantaneous bandwidth of 0.9 GHz, and a time-of-flight precision better than 20 ps. The time resolution can be extended to the picosecond range by use of on-chip waveguides. At these speeds, NV quantum magnetometers will become competitive with time-resolved synchrotron X-ray techniques. Looking forward, adding fast temporal resolution to the spatial imaging capability further promotes single-spin probes as powerful research tools in spintronics, mesoscopic physics, and nanoscale device metrology.
arXiv comment11 pages including methods
References in corpus (44)
- Quantum sensing
- High-sensitivity diamond magnetometer with nanoscale resolution
- Current-induced spin-orbit torques in ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic systems
- Sensing electric fields using single diamond spins
- Dynamical decoupling and noise spectroscopy with a superconducting flux qubit
- Temperature dependence of the nitrogen-vacancy magnetic resonance in diamond
- Probing condensed matter physics with magnetometry based on nitrogen-vacancy centres in diamond
- Scanning magnetic field microscope with a diamond single-spin sensor
- High Resolution Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy Using Solid-State Spins
- Sub-millihertz magnetic spectroscopy with a nanoscale quantum sensor
- Quantum sensing with arbitrary frequency resolution
- Time- and spatially-resolved magnetization dynamics driven by spin-orbit torques
- Single-shot dynamics of spin-orbit torque and spin transfer torque switching in three-terminal magnetic tunnel junctions
- Quantum imaging of current flow in graphene
- Imaging stress and magnetism at high pressures using a nanoscale quantum sensor
- Single Ion Quantum Lock-In Amplifier
- High-speed domain wall racetracks in a magnetic insulator
- Magnetic measurements on micron-size samples under high pressure using designed NV centers
- Stray-field imaging of magnetic vortices with a single diamond spin
- Nanoscale electrical conductivity imaging using a nitrogen-vacancy center in diamond
- Magnetic resonance imaging of spin-wave transport and interference in a magnetic insulator
- Magnetic domains and domain wall pinning in two-dimensional ferromagnets revealed by nanoscale imaging
- Nanoscale imaging of current density with a single-spin magnetometer
- Imaging non-collinear antiferromagnetic textures via single spin relaxometry
- Improving quantum gate fidelities by using a qubit to measure microwave pulse distortions
- Nitrogen-Vacancy Centers in Diamond for Current Imaging at the Redistributive Layer Level of Integrated Circuits
- Rydberg atoms for radio-frequency communications and sensing: atomic receivers for pulsed RF field and phase detection
- Current-driven dynamics and ratchet effect of skyrmion bubbles in a ferrimagnetic insulator
- Nanomagnetism of magnetoelectric granular thin-film antiferromagnets
- Time-resolved magnetic sensing with electronic spins in diamond
- Ferromagnetic dynamics detected via one- and two-magnon NV relaxometry
- Wide bandwidth instantaneous RF spectrum analyzer based on nitrogen vacancy centers in diamond
- Single spin sensing of domain wall structure and dynamics in a thin film skyrmion host
- Real-time Hall-effect detection of current-induced magnetization dynamics in ferrimagnets
- Chiral Domain Wall Injector Driven by Spin-orbit Torques
- Reconstructing the Profile of Time-Varying Magnetic Fields With Quantum Sensors
- High-bandwidth microcoil for fast nuclear spin control
- Multicone Diamond Waveguides for Nanoscale Quantum Sensing
- Quantum speed limit in quantum sensing
- Wavelet-based fast time-resolved magnetic sensing with electronic spins in diamond
- Reconstruction-free quantum sensing of arbitrary waveforms
- Parallel time integration using Batched BLAS (Basic Linear Algebra Subprograms) routines
- Ultrafast opto-magnetic effects induced by nitrogen-vacancy centers in diamond crystals
- Quantifying the limits of controllability for the nitrogen-vacancy electron spin defect