Measurements of the lower critical field of superconductors using NV centers in diamond optical magnetometry

Abstract

The lower critical magnetic field, $H_{c1}$, of superconductors is measured by using ensembles of NV-centers-in-diamond optical magnetometry. The technique is minimally invasive, and has sub-gauss field sensitivity and sub-$\mu$m spatial resolution, which allow for accurate detection of the vector field at which the vortices start penetrating the sample from the corners. Aided by the revised calculations of the effective demagnetization factors of actual cuboid - shaped samples, $H_{c1}$ and the London penetration depth, $\lambda$, derived from $H_{c1}$ can be obtained. We apply this method to three well-studied superconductors: optimally doped Ba(Fe${}_{1-x}$Co${}_x$)${}_2$As${}_2$, stoichiometric CaKFe${}_4$As${}_4$, and high-$T_c$ cuprate YBa${}_2$Cu${}_3$O${}_{7-\delta }$. Our results are well compared with the values of $\lambda$ obtained using other techniques, thus adding another non-destructive and sensitive method to measure these important parameters of superconductors.

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Cited by in corpus (18)

• Quantum sensing of local magnetic field texture in strongly correlated electron systems under extreme conditions
• Laser modulation of superconductivity in a cryogenic widefield nitrogen-vacancy microscope
• Analysis of the London penetration depth in Ni-doped CaKFe4As4
• Quantum phase transition inside the superconducting dome of Ba(Fe${}_{1-x}$Co${}_x$)${}_2$As${}_2$ probed by optical magneto-sensing using NV-centers in diamond
• All-Optical and Microwave-Free Detection of Meissner Screening using Nitrogen-Vacancy Centers in Diamond
• London penetration depth measurements using tunnel diode resonators
• Superconductivity and magnetic and transport properties of single-crystalline CaK(Fe${}_{1-x}$Cr${}_x$)${}_4$As${}_4$
• Probing the Evolution of Electron Spin Wavefunction of NV Center in diamond via Pressure Tuning
• Imaging the Meissner Effect and Flux Trapping of Superconductors under High Pressure using N-V Centers
• Determination of the magnetic penetration depth with measurements of the vortex-penetration field for type-II superconductors
• Studying Critical Parameters of Superconductor via Diamond Quantum Sensors
• Conventional s-wave superconductivity and hidden peak effect in single crystals of Mo${}_8$Ga${}_{4}1$ superconductor
• Widefield NV Magnetic Field Reconstruction for Probing the Meissner Effect and Critical Current Density under Pressure
• Low-field all-optical detection of superconductivity using NV nanodiamonds
• Temperature dependence of the lower critical field of the noncentrosymmetric superconductor $\alpha$-BiPd
• Depairing critical current density and the vortex-free state in FeSe nanobridges
• Higher critical currents yet faster vortex creep in EuBa${}_2$Cu${}_3$O${}_y$ films containing coherent artificial pinning centers
• Imaging of microwave magnetic field orientation using continuous-wave experiments on nitrogen-vacancy centers in diamond