Broadband microwave detection using electron spins in a hybrid diamond-magnet sensor chip

Abstract

Quantum sensing has developed into a main branch of quantum science and technology. It aims at measuring physical quantities with high resolution, sensitivity, and dynamic range. Electron spins in diamond are powerful magnetic field sensors, but their sensitivity in the microwave regime is limited to a narrow band around their resonance frequency. Here, we realize broadband microwave detection using spins in diamond interfaced with a thin-film magnet. A pump field locally converts target microwave signals to the sensor-spin frequency via the non-linear spin-wave dynamics of the magnet. Two complementary conversion protocols enable sensing and high-fidelity spin control over a gigahertz bandwidth, allowing characterization of the spin-wave band at multiple gigahertz above the sensor-spin frequency. The pump-tunable, hybrid diamond-magnet sensor chip opens the way for spin-based sensing in the 100-gigahertz regime at small magnetic bias fields.

26 pages, 10 figures

References in corpus (4)

• Frequency comb spectroscopy
• Micrometer-scale Magnetic Imaging of Geological Samples Using a Quantum Diamond Microscope
• Narrow-bandwidth sensing of high-frequency fields with continuous dynamical decoupling
• Nonlinear losses in magnon transport due to four-magnon scattering

Cited by in corpus (14)

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• Acoustic Frequency Multiplication and Pure Second Harmonic Generation of Phonons by Magnetic Transducers
• Demonstration of highly-sensitive wideband microwave sensing using ensemble nitrogen-vacancy centers
• Wideband Coherent Microwave Conversion via Magnon Nonlinearity in Hybrid Quantum System
• Electrical noise spectroscopy of magnons in a quantum Hall ferromagnet
• Wideband wide-field imaging of spin-wave propagation using diamond quantum sensors
• Quantitative imaging of nonlinear spin-wave propagation using diamond quantum sensors
• Wideband covariance magnetometry below the diffraction limit
• Robust gigahertz-range ac magnetometry with an ensemble of NV centers in diamond using concatenated continuous dynamical decoupling
• Laser-cut Patterned, Micrometer-thin Diamond Membranes with Coherent Color Centers for Open Microcavities