Efficient readout of a single spin state in diamond via spin-to-charge conversion

Abstract

Efficient readout of individual electronic spins associated with atom-like impurities in the solid state is essential for applications in quantum information processing and quantum metrology. We demonstrate a new method for efficient spin readout of nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers in diamond. The method is based on conversion of the electronic spin state of the NV to a charge state distribution, followed by single-shot readout of the charge state. Conversion is achieved through a spin-dependent photoionization process in diamond at room temperature. Using NVs in nanofabricated diamond beams, we demonstrate that the resulting spin readout noise is within a factor of three of the spin projection noise level. Applications of this technique for nanoscale magnetic sensing are discussed.

10 pages, 10 figures

References in corpus (6)

• High-sensitivity diamond magnetometer with nanoscale resolution
• High-fidelity projective readout of a solid-state spin quantum register
• Scalable quantum register based on coupled electron spins in a room temperature solid
• Decoherence-protected quantum gates for a hybrid solid-state spin register
• Spin dynamics in the optical cycle of single nitrogen-vacancy centres in diamond
• A low-loss, broadband antenna for efficient photon collection from a coherent spin in diamond

Cited by in corpus (66)

• Quantum networks based on color centers in diamond
• Nanoscale electric-field imaging based on a quantum sensor and its charge-state control under ambient condition
• Depolarization dynamics in a strongly interacting solid-state spin ensemble
• Single-molecule Scale Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy using Nitrogen-Vacancy Centers in Diamond
• Long-term data storage in diamond
• Diamond surface engineering for molecular sensing with nitrogen-vacancy centers
• Efficient electrical spin readout of NV- centers in diamond
• Nanoscale covariance magnetometry with diamond quantum sensors
• Single Spin Magnetic Resonance
• High-fidelity single-shot readout of single electron spin in diamond with spin-to-charge conversion
• Optical activation and detection of charge transport between individual color centers in room-temperature diamond
• Integrated Single Photon Emitters
• Ion Implantation for Deterministic Single Atom Devices
• Photoionization of negatively charged NV centers in diamond: theory and ab initio calculations
• Temperature-dependent spin-lattice relaxation of the nitrogen-vacancy spin triplet in diamond
• All-Optical Nuclear Quantum Sensing using Nitrogen-Vacancy Centers in Diamond
• Exploiting ionization dynamics in the nitrogen vacancy center for rapid, high-contrast spin and charge state initialization
• Neutral silicon vacancy centers in undoped diamond via surface control
• Near-infrared-enhanced charge state conversion for low power optical nanoscopy with nitrogen vacancy center in diamond
• Photon emission correlation spectroscopy as an analytical tool for quantum defects
• Dissipative superradiant spin amplifier for enhanced quantum sensing
• Orbital and Spin Dynamics of Single Neutrally-Charged Nitrogen-Vacancy Centers in Diamond
• Roadmap on Nanoscale Magnetic Resonance Imaging
• In situ electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy using single nanodiamond sensors
• Parallel detection and spatial mapping of large nuclear spin clusters
• Robust Magnetometry with Single NV Centers via Two-step Optimization
• Widely-tunable and narrow-linewidth hybrid-integrated diode laser at 637 nm
• Nuclear Quantum-Assisted Magnetometer
• Preparation of Metrological States in Dipolar-Interacting Spin Systems
• Statistical Inference with Quantum Measurements: Methodologies for Nitrogen Vacancy Centers in Diamond
• Modeling temperature-dependent population dynamics in the excited state of the nitrogen-vacancy center in diamond
• Characterizing temperature and strain variations with qubit ensembles for their robust coherence protection
• Proposal for room-temperature quantum repeaters with nitrogen-vacancy centers and optomechanics
• Dopant-assisted stabilization of negatively charged single nitrogen-vacancy centers in phosphorus-doped diamond at low temperatures
• Enhancing qubit readout through dissipative sub-Poissonian dynamics
• Fast optoelectronic charge state conversion of silicon vacancies in diamond
• Generalized figure of merit for qubit readout
• Kilohertz electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy of single nitrogen centers at zero magnetic field
• Wavelength dependence of nitrogen-vacancy center charge cycling
• Local noise spectroscopy of Wigner crystals in two-dimensional materials
• Electron-to-nuclear spectral mapping via "Galton board" dynamic nuclear polarization
• Millimetre-scale magnetocardiography of living rats using a solid-state quantum sensor
• Sensing electrochemical signals using a nitrogen-vacancy center in diamond
• Qubit guidelines for solid-state spin defects
• Heisenberg-Limited Spin-Mechanical Gravimetry
• Multiplexed scanning microscopy with dual-qubit spin sensors
• Quantum spin probe of single charge dynamics
• Revealing Collective Emission in the Single-to-Bulk Transition of Quantum Emitters in Nanodiamond Agglomerates
• Volcano Architecture for Scalable Quantum Processor Units
• Probing NV and SiV charge state dynamics using high-voltage nanosecond pulse and photoluminescence spectral analysis
• Semiclassical spin transport in LaO/STO system in the presence of multiple Rashba spin orbit couplings
• Quantum relaxometry for detecting biomolecular interactions with single NV centers
• Probing itinerant carrier dynamics at the diamond surface using single nitrogen vacancy centers
• Finding the nitrogen-vacancy singlet manifold energy level using charge conversion pulse sequences
• Charge and Spin Dynamics and Destabilization of Shallow Nitrogen-Vacancy Centers under UV and Blue Excitation
• Entangling Nuclear Spins by Dissipation in a Solid-state System
• Wavelet-based Ramsey magnetometry enhancement of a single NV center in diamond
• On-chip microwave-spin-plasmon interface (MSPI)
• Pulse-width-induced polarization enhancement of optically-pumped N-V electron spin in diamond
• Magnetometry with Broadband Microwave Fields in Nitrogen-Vacancy Centers in Diamond
• Spin half-adder
• Probing charge dynamics in diamond with an individual color center
• Diamond spin sensors: A new way to probe nanomagnetism
• Overcoming frequency resolution limits using a solid-state spin quantum sensor
• Multi-shot readout error benchmark of the nitrogen-vacancy center's electronic qubit
• Sequential Bayesian experiment design for adaptive Ramsey sequence measurements